## Shevuot Daf 9a

###### Shevuot 9a:1
[Shevuot 9a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:1)

אֶלָּא אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**only once a year.**


###### Shevuot 9a:2
[Shevuot 9a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:2)

וּלְרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל דְּאָמַר אֵין בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַּתְּחִלָּה וְיֵשׁ בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַּסּוֹף בַּר קׇרְבָּן הוּא, שָׂעִיר הַנַּעֲשֶׂה בַּחוּץ אַמַּאי מְכַפֵּר? עַל שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ יְדִיעָה לֹא בַּתְּחִלָּה וְלֹא בַּסּוֹף.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
According to the mishna, the external goat atones for a case in which there was no awareness at the beginning but there was awareness at the end. The Gemara asks: **And according to Rabbi Yishmael, who says:** For a case **in which** one **did not have awareness at the beginning but did have awareness at the end,** that person **is liable to** bring **an offering, for what does** the **goat whose** blood presentation is **performed outside** the Sanctuary **atone?** The Gemara answers: It atones **for** a case **in which** one **did not have awareness,** neither **in the beginning, nor in the end.**


###### Shevuot 9a:3
[Shevuot 9a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:3)

הַאי שְׂעִירֵי הָרְגָלִים וּשְׂעִירֵי רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים מְכַפְּרִין! סָבַר לַהּ כְּרַבִּי מֵאִיר, דְּאָמַר: כׇּל הַשְּׂעִירִים כַּפָּרָתָן שָׁוָה – עַל טוּמְאַת מִקְדָּשׁ וְקָדָשָׁיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara challenges this answer: But for **that** case, **the goats of the Festivals and the goats of** the **New Moons atone.** The Gemara explains: **He holds in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Meir, who says:** The **atonement effected by all the goats** offered as part the additional offerings, i.e., those of the New Moons, the Festivals, and Yom Kippur, **is the same:** They all atone **for** various cases of the **defiling of** the **Temple or its sacrificial** foods.


###### Shevuot 9a:4
[Shevuot 9a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:4)

אֶלָּא לְמַאי הִלְכְתָא אִיתַּקַּשׁ חִיצוֹן לִפְנִימִי? מָה פְּנִימִי אֵינוֹ מְכַפֵּר בִּשְׁאָר עֲבֵירוֹת, אַף חִיצוֹן אֵינוֹ מְכַפֵּר בִּשְׁאָר עֲבֵירוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But** if Rabbi Yishmael holds that the internal goat atones for a situation in which there was no awareness at all, **with regard to what *halakha*** does the Torah **juxtapose** the **internal** goat **with** the **external** goat? The Gemara explains: The juxtaposition teaches that **just as** the **internal** goat **does not atone for other transgressions, so too,** the **external** goat **does not atone for other transgressions.** Rather, they both atone only for the defiling of the Temple or its sacrificial foods.


###### Shevuot 9a:5
[Shevuot 9a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:5)

עַל שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ יְדִיעָה בַּתְּחִלָּה וְלֹא בַּסּוֹף, שְׂעִירֵי רְגָלִים וּשְׂעִירֵי רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים מְכַפְּרִין. דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna teaches: **For** the defiling of the Temple or its sacrificial foods **in which** one **did not have awareness,** neither **at the beginning nor at the end, the goats** brought as sin-offerings as part of the additional offerings **of the Festivals and the goats** brought as sin-offerings as part of the additional offerings **of** the **New Moons atone.** This is **the statement of Rabbi Yehuda.**


###### Shevuot 9a:6
[Shevuot 9a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:6)

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: מַאי טַעְמָא דְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה? אָמַר קְרָא: ״וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּים אֶחָד לְחַטָּאת לַה׳״ – חֵטְא שֶׁאֵין מַכִּיר בּוֹ אֶלָּא ה׳, יְהֵא שָׂעִיר זֶה מְכַפֵּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara elaborates: **Rav Yehuda says** that **Shmuel says: What is the reasoning of Rabbi Yehuda? The verse states** with regard to additional offerings of the New Moons: **“And one goat for a sin-offering to the Lord”** (Numbers 28:15). The final phrase, which literally means: A sin to the Lord, alludes to the fact that **this goat atones** for **a sin of which only the Lord is aware,** i.e., where there was no awareness either at the beginning or at the end.


###### Shevuot 9a:7
[Shevuot 9a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:7)

וְהַאי מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְרֵישׁ לָקִישׁ – דְּאָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ: מָה נִשְׁתַּנָּה שָׂעִיר שֶׁל רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ ״לַה׳״? אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: שָׂעִיר זֶה יְהֵא כַּפָּרָה עַל שֶׁמִּיעַטְתִּי אֶת הַיָּרֵחַ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara objects: **But this** phrase **is necessary** in order **to** expound it **in accordance with** the statement **of Reish Lakish, as Reish Lakish says: What is different** about the **goat** brought as a sin-offering **of** the **New Moon that** it **is stated with regard to it: “To the Lord,”** a term not written with regard to other sin-offerings? **The Holy One, Blessed be He, says,** as it were: **This goat shall be an atonement for** the fact **that I diminished** the size of **the moon.**


###### Shevuot 9a:8
[Shevuot 9a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:8)

אִם כֵּן, לֵימָא קְרָא ״עַל ה׳״; מַאי ״לַה׳״? לִכְדַאֲמַרַן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara resolves the problem: **If so,** i.e., if the phrase was needed only for that statement, **let the verse state** only: A sin-offering **for the Lord.** For **what** reason does it state: **“To the Lord”?** In order **to** expound it **in accordance with that which we have said,** that it atones only for a sin that the Lord alone is aware of.


###### Shevuot 9a:9
[Shevuot 9a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:9)

וְאֵימָא כּוּלֵּיהּ לְהָכִי הוּא דַּאֲתָא! אִם כֵּן, נֵימָא קְרָא: ״חַטָּאת ה׳״; מַאי ״לַה׳״? שָׁמְעַתְּ מִינַּהּ תַּרְתֵּי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But** why not **say** that the **whole of** the phrase **comes** exclusively **to** teach **this** *halakha*, and not to expound it in accordance with Reish Lakish’s statement at all? The Gemara answers: **If so, let the verse state: A sin-offering of the Lord.** For **what** reason does it state: **“To the Lord”? You** can **conclude two** conclusions **from it.**


###### Shevuot 9a:10
[Shevuot 9a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:10)

וּנְכַפַּר נָמֵי אֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׁאָר עֲבֵירוֹת! תָּנָא דְּבֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל: הוֹאִיל וְזֶה בָּא בִּזְמַן קָבוּעַ וְזֶה בָּא בִּזְמַן קָבוּעַ; מָה זֶה אֵינוֹ מְכַפֵּר אֶלָּא עַל טוּמְאַת מִקְדָּשׁ וְקָדָשָׁיו, אַף זֶה אֵינוֹ מְכַפֵּר אֶלָּא עַל טוּמְאַת מִקְדָּשׁ וְקָדָשָׁיו.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **But let** the goat **atone even for other transgressions** that a person never became aware of. Why does Rabbi Yehuda limit the scope of its atonement? The Sages **of the school of Rabbi Yishmael taught: Since this** goat of the New Moon **is brought at a fixed time, and that** goat of Yom Kippur **is brought at a fixed time,** they must atone for similar transgressions. **Just as that** goat of Yom Kippur **atones only for** the **defiling of** the **Temple or its sacrificial** foods, **so too, this** goat of the New Moon **atones only for** the **defiling of** the **Temple or its sacrificial** foods.


###### Shevuot 9a:11
[Shevuot 9a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Shevuot/r/9a:11)

אַשְׁכְּחַן שְׂעִירֵי רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים, שְׂעִירֵי הָרְגָלִים מְנָלַן? וְכִי תֵּימָא הָא נָמֵי כִּדְתָנָא דְּבֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל, אִיכָּא לְמִיפְרַךְ: אִי מִדְּרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ – שֶׁכֵּן תָּדִיר, אִי מִדְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים – שֶׁכֵּן מְרוּבָּה כַּפָּרָתוֹ! וְכִי תֵּימָא

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara says: **We found** a source teaching that the **goats of** the **New Moons** atone for the defiling of the Temple or its sacrificial foods. **From where do we** derive that the **goats of the Festivals** also atone for such cases? **And if you would say** that **this** can **also** be derived **in accordance with that** which the Sages **of the school of Rabbi Yishmael taught,** that suggestion **can be refuted** as follows: **If** you try to derive it **through** a comparison to the goats **of** the **New Moon,** the comparison is flawed, **as** those goats are more **frequent** than those of the Festivals. And **if** you try to derive it **through** a comparison to the goat **of Yom Kippur,** that comparison is also flawed, **as** that goat **has** a more **extensive atonement,** since it atones for all sins. **And if you would say:**