## Sifrei Devarim Paragraph 103

###### Sifrei Devarim 103:1
[Sifrei Devarim 103:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:1)

(דברים יד יא) **כָּל צִפּוֹר טְהוֹרָה תֹּאכֵלוּ**, מִכְּלָל שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יד ד) ״וְצִוָּה הַכֹּהֵן וְלָקַח לַמִּטַּהֵר שְׁתֵּי צִפֳּרִים חַיּוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת״, יָכוֹל כְּשֵׁם שֶׁשְּׁחוּטָה אֲסוּרָה כָּךְ מְשֻׁלַּחַת אֲסוּרָה? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״כָּל צִפּוֹר טְהוֹרָה תֹּאכֵלוּ״.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
(Devarim 14:11) "Every clean bird you may eat": Because it is written (Vayikra 14:4) "And the Cohein shall command, and he shall take for the one to be cleansed (from leprosy) two birds," I might think that just as the slaughtered bird is forbidden (to be eaten), so, the sent-away bird; it is, therefore, written "*Every* clean bird you may eat (including the sent-away bird).


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:2
[Sifrei Devarim 103:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:2)

אוֹ כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמְּשֻׁלַּחַת מֻתֶּרֶת כָּךְ שְׁחוּטָה תְּהֵא מֻתֶּרֶת? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״וְזֶה אֲשֶׁר לֹא תֹאכְלוּ מֵהֶם״ (דברים יד יב).

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
— But perhaps, just as the sent-away bird is permitted, so, the slaughtered bird is permitted; it is, therefore, written (Devarim, *Ibid*. 12) "*And* this is what you may not eat of them" (including the slaughtered bird.)


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:3
[Sifrei Devarim 103:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:3)

**הַנֶּשֶׁר וְהַפֶּרֶס וְהָעָזְנִיָּה**, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר: נֶאֱמַר כָּאן נֶשֶׁר וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (ויקרא יא יג) נֶשֶׁר. מַה נֶּשֶׁר הָאָמוּר לְהַלָּן, עָשָׂה כָּל הָאֲמוּרִים עִם הַנֶּשֶׁר בְּבַל תַּאֲכִיל וּבְבַל תֹּאכַל, אַף נֶשֶׁר הָאָמוּר כָּאן, נַעֲשָׂה כָּל הָאֲמוּרִים עִם הַנֶּשֶׁר בְּבַל תַּאֲכִיל וּבְבַל תֹּאכַל.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
(*Ibid*.) "the great vulture, the bearded vulture, and the osprey": R. Akiva says: It is written here "*nesher*" (great vulture), and, elsewhere (Vayikra 11:13) "*nesher*." Just as there, *all* relating to *nesher*, both feeding and eating, is forbidden, so, here.


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:4
[Sifrei Devarim 103:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:4)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: נֶאֱמַר כָּאן (דברים יד יג) ״אַיָּה״ וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (ויקרא יא יד) ״אַיָּה״, מָה אַיָּה הָאָמוּר כָּאן, עָשָׂה אֶת הָרָאָה מִין אַיָּה – אַף אַיָּה הָאֲמוּרָה לְהַלָּן, נַעֲשָׂה אֶת הָרָאָה מִין אַיָּה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
R. Shimon says: It is written here (Devarim, *Ibid*. 13) "the *ayah*," and there (Vayikra, *Ibid*. 14) "the *ayah*." Just as here, "the *ra'ah*" is understood as a kind of *ayah*, so, there.


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:5
[Sifrei Devarim 103:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:5)

(דברים יד יד) **עֹרֵב** – זֶה עוֹרֵב הַגָּדוֹל, וְ**אֵת כָּל עֹרֵב** – לְהָבִיא אֶת הָעוֹרֵב הָעֲמָקִי וְעוֹרֵב הַבָּא בְּרֹאשׁ יוֹנִים, **לְמִינוֹ** – לְהָבִיא אֶת הַזַּרְזִיר.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
3. **“*Raven*” (Dt.14:14)—**
**this refers to the giant raven.**
**“*And any kind* of raven” (Dt.14:15)—**
**including the valley raven and**
**the raven that flies before the doves.**²³⁵, per.5:4.
“Any *kind*” (Dt.14:15)—
including the starling.

footnotes:
²³⁵ //Sifra, shemini


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:6
[Sifrei Devarim 103:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:6)

[הַנֵּץ – זֶה הַנֵּץ,] כְּשֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר ״לְמִינֵהוּ״ – לְהָבִיא אֶת בֶּן הוֹרִיָּה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
{“The hawk” (Dt.14:15)—
This is the common hawk}²³⁶ per.5:4..
Thus, when the verse specifies,
“*Any* kind” (Dt.14:15)—
it intends to include the *ben horayah*.²³⁷ per.5:5, Hammer identifies this as “another species of hawk” (H:443, *pisqa’* 103, n.7).

footnotes:
²³⁶ F:162, b, 9 adds the bracketed material on the basis of Sifra, shemini
²³⁷ There are many versions of this name in mss and printed editions. See F:162, l.11. Based on Sifra, shemini,


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:7
[Sifrei Devarim 103:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:7)

(דברים יד טו-יז) ״וְאֵת בַּת הַיַּעֲנָה וְגוֹ׳ וְאֶת הַכּוֹס וְגוֹ׳ וְהַקָּאָת וְאֶת הָרָחָם וְאֶת הַשָּׁלָךְ״, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁעוֹף טָהוֹר מְרֻבֶּה מֵעוֹף טָמֵא. בְּכָל מָקוֹם הַכָּתוּב פּוֹרֵט אֶת הַמּוּעָט.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
4. “The ostrich . . . the little owl . . .the pelican, the carrion vulture, and the cormorant” (Dt.14:15-17)—
**this teaches that**
**[the species of] *clean* birds**
**out-number [those of] *unclean* birds,**
**for, in all cases,**
**Scripture enumerates the smaller**
**[category before enumerating the larger].**²³⁸ 100.1

footnotes:
²³⁸ Cf. Pisqa’


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:8
[Sifrei Devarim 103:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:8)

(חולין פ״ג מ״ו) סִימָנֵי בְּהֵמָה וְחַיָּה נֶאֶמְרוּ מִן הַתּוֹרָה, סִימָנֵי הָעוֹף לֹא נֶאֶמְרוּ. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים: כָּל עוֹף דּוֹרֵס טָמֵא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״נֶשֶׁר״ – מַה נֶּשֶׁר מְפֹרָשׁ, אֵין לוֹ זֶפֶק וְאֵין לוֹ אֶצְבַּע יְתֵרָה וְאֵין קֻרְקְבָנוֹ נִקְלָף וְדוֹרֵס וְאוֹכֵל – טָמֵא, כָּךְ כָּל שֶׁכַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ – אָסוּר; שֶׁאֵין כַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ – מֻתָּר.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
**The signs of cattle and wild cattle are stated in the Torah,**
**while the signs of [clean] birds are not stated.**
**The sages have taught:**
**every bird of prey is unclean,**
**as it is stated:**
**“The *eagle*” (Dt.14:12)—**
**just as the eagle clearly has neither**
**crop nor extra toe,**
**its craw cannot be peeled.**
**and it tramples while eating [its prey],**
**and is [therefore] unclean,**
**so, too, anything similar is prohibited,**
**while anything dis-similar is permitted.**²³⁹

footnotes:
²³⁹ //M. Hul..3:6


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:9
[Sifrei Devarim 103:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:9)

(דברים יד כ) **כָּל עוֹף טָהוֹר תֹּאכֵלוּ** – מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
5. “Every clean *flying thing* you may eat” (Dt.14:20)—
this is a prescriptive commandment.


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:10
[Sifrei Devarim 103:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:10)

(דברים יד יט) ״וְכֹל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף טָמֵא הוּא לָכֶם״ – מִצְוַת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: **כָּל עוֹף טָהוֹר תֹּאכֵלוּ** – אֵלּוּ חֲגָבִים טְהוֹרִים, ״וְכֹל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף טָמֵא הוּא לָכֶם לֹא יֵאָכֵלוּ״ – אֵלּוּ חֲגָבִים טְמֵאִים.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
“But every *flying swarming* thing is unclean for you. Do not eat it!” (Dt.14:19)—
this is a proscriptive commandment.
R. Shimon says:
“Every *clean* flying thing you may eat” (Dt.14:20)—
referring to *clean* locusts.
“But every *flying swarming* thing is unclean for you. Do not eat it!” (Dt.14:19)—
referring to *unclean* locusts.