## Sukkah Daf 20b

###### Sukkah 20b:1
[Sukkah 20b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:1)

שֶׁהֵן טְמֵאוֹת, וְשֶׁל טְבֶרְיָא שֶׁהֵן טְהוֹרוֹת. עַל מָה נֶחְלְקוּ? עַל שְׁאָר מְקוֹמוֹת. מָר סָבַר: כֵּיוָן דְּלֵיכָּא דְּיָתֵיב עֲלַיְיהוּ — כְּדִטְבֶרְיָא דָּמְיָין, וּמָר סָבַר: כֵּיוָן דְּמִקְּרֵי וְיָתְבִי עֲלַיְיהוּ — כִּדְאוּשָׁא דָּמְיָין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**that they** can become **ritually impure,** even with impurity imparted by treading, as those mats are produced for the purpose of lying upon them. **And** they also agreed concerning the coarse mats **of Tiberias, that they are ritually pure,** as these are produced exclusively for use in partitions and for roofing. **Concerning what** mats **do they disagree?** It is **concerning** the mats produced in the **rest of the places.** One **Sage,** i.e., the Rabbis, **holds: Since there is no one who sits on these** mats regularly, **they are comparable** to the mats **of Tiberias** and are pure. **And** one **Sage,** Rabbi Dosa, **holds that since** it **happens and one sits on them** on occasion, **they are comparable** to the mats **of Usha** and are impure.


###### Sukkah 20b:2
[Sukkah 20b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:2)

אָמַר מָר: כׇּל הַחוֹצָלוֹת מְטַמְּאִין טְמֵא מֵת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דּוֹסָא. וְהָתַנְיָא: וְכֵן הָיָה רַבִּי דּוֹסָא אוֹמֵר כִּדְבָרָיו!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara analyzes the mishna cited above. **The Master said: All** types of ***ḥotzalot* can become ritually impure** with **impurity** imparted by **a corpse;** this is **the statement of Rabbi Dosa.** Apparently, they are all considered vessels, which is why they are susceptible to ritual impurity and one may not roof the *sukka* with them. The Gemara asks: **But wasn’t it taught** in the *baraita*: **And likewise, Rabbi Dosa would say in accordance with his statement,** i.e., in accordance with the statement of Rabbi Yishmael, son of Rabbi Yosei, in the name of his father, that all types of mats are ritually pure, and one may roof a *sukka* with them? Don’t these two sources contradict each other?


###### Sukkah 20b:3
[Sukkah 20b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:3)

לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא דְּאִית לֵיהּ גְּדָנְפָא, הָא דְּלֵית לֵיהּ גְּדָנְפָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: This is **not difficult. This** mishna **is** referring to a mat **that has an upturned edge,** which renders the mat a vessel susceptible to ritual impurity. **That** *baraita* **is** referring to a mat **that does not have an upturned edge [*gedanpa*];** therefore, it is not a vessel and is not susceptible to impurity.


###### Sukkah 20b:4
[Sukkah 20b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:4)

מֵיתִיבִי: חוֹצָלוֹת שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי וְשֶׁל שַׂק וְשֶׁל סְפִירָא — מִטַּמֵּא טְמֵא מֵת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דּוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: אַף מִדְרָס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection: *Ḥotzalot*** made **of papyrus, or of bulrushes, or of sackcloth** produced out of goat hair, **or of horsehair,** all of which are woven and comfortable, **can become ritually impure** with the **impurity** imparted by **a corpse** but not with the impurity imparted by treading, because while they are considered vessels, they are not designated for sitting; this is **the statement of Rabbi Dosa. And the Rabbis say:** They do become ritually impure, **even** with the impurity imparted by **treading.**


###### Sukkah 20b:5
[Sukkah 20b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:5)

בִּשְׁלָמָא לְמַאן דְּאָמַר מַרְזוֹבְלֵי. שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי — חֲזוּ לְכִינְתָּא דְפֵירֵי. שֶׁל שַׂק וְשֶׁל סְפִירָא — חֲזוּ לִגְוָלְקֵי וְצַנֵּי. אֶלָּא לְמַאן דְּאָמַר מַחְצָלוֹת מַמָּשׁ, בִּשְׁלָמָא שֶׁל שַׂק וְשֶׁל סְפִירָא — חֲזוּ לִפְרָסֵי וְנָפְווֹתָא, אֶלָּא שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי לְמַאי חֲזוּ? חֲזוּ לְנַזְיָאתָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **Granted, according to the one who said** that *ḥotzalot* are sacks called ***marzovelei*,** there is no problem. The reasoning of the one who holds that they do not become impure with impurity imparted by treading is that they are not designated for sitting. However, since they are vessels, they become impure with impurity imparted by a corpse. And for what are these vessels used? The vessels made **of papyrus and of bulrushes are fit** to be used **as a fruit basket,** and the ones made **of sackcloth and of horsehair are fit** to be used **as** small **sacks [*gulkei*] and baskets** for legumes and small fruits, because their weave is finer. **However, according to the one who said** that *ḥotzalot* are **actual mats** without upturned edges, what is the basis for the dispute? These mats are fit only for the purpose of lying upon them. **Granted,** the mats made **of sackcloth,** of goat hair, **or of horsehair are fit for** use as **screens and** flour **sifters. However,** the mats **of papyrus and of bulrushes, for what** use **are they fit?** The Gemara answers: **They are fit for** use as covers **for vats of ale.**


###### Sukkah 20b:6
[Sukkah 20b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:6)

אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי: בִּשְׁלָמָא לְמַאן דְּאָמַר מַחְצָלוֹת מַמָּשׁ, שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי — חֲזוּ לְנַזְיָאתָא, שֶׁל שַׂק וְשֶׁל סְפִירָא — חֲזוּ לִפְרָסֵי וְנָפְווֹתָא. אֶלָּא לְמַאן דְּאָמַר מַרְזוֹבְלֵי, בִּשְׁלָמָא שֶׁל שַׂק וְשֶׁל סְפִירָא — חֲזוּ לִגְוָלְקִי וְצַנֵּי, אֶלָּא שֶׁל שַׁעַם וְשֶׁל גֶּמִי — לְמַאי חֲזוּ? חֲזוּ לְכִינְתָּא דְפֵירֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Some say** a different version of this exchange: **Granted, according to the one who said** that *ḥotzalot* are **actual mats,** then the mats **of papyrus and of bulrushes are fit** to be used as covers **for vats of ale,** while those **of sackcloth,** i.e., goat hair, **and of horsehair** may **be used as screens or sifters. However, according to the one who said that** the *ḥotzalot* are sacks called ***marzovelei*,** what is the basis of their dispute? **Granted,** sacks made **of sackcloth and of horsehair are fit to** be used as small **baskets and sacks; but for what** are mats **of papyrus or of bulrushes fit;** why are they susceptible to ritual impurity? The Gemara answers: **They are fit** to be used **as a fruit basket.**


###### Sukkah 20b:7
[Sukkah 20b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:7)

תַּנְיָא, אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנַנְיָה: כְּשֶׁיָּרַדְתִּי לַגּוֹלָה מָצָאתִי זָקֵן אֶחָד, וְאָמַר לִי: מְסַכְּכִין בְּבוּדְיָא. וּכְשֶׁבָּאתִי אֵצֶל רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אֲחִי אַבָּא, הוֹדָה לִדְבָרָיו. אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: וְהוּא דְּלֵית לֵיהּ גְּדָנְפָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It **is taught** in a *baraita* that **Rabbi Ḥananya said: When I descended to the exile** of Babylonia, **I found one Elder, who said to me: One** may **roof** the *sukka* **with a mat. When I** returned to Eretz Yisrael and **came to Rabbi Yehoshua** ben Ḥananya, **the brother of** my **father,** and related to him what the Elder said, **he agreed with his statement. Rav Ḥisda said: That** applies **only** to a mat that **does not have an upturned edge** and is not fit for any use other than for roofing.


###### Sukkah 20b:8
[Sukkah 20b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:8)

אָמַר עוּלָּא: הָנֵי בּוּדְיָתָא דִּבְנֵי מָחוֹזָא, אִלְמָלֵא קִיר שֶׁלָּהֶן, מְסַכְּכִין בְּהוּ. תַּנְיָא נָמֵי הָכִי: מְסַכְּכִין בְּבוּדְיָא, וְאִם יֵשׁ לָהֶן קִיר — אֵין מְסַכְּכִין בָּהֶן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ulla said: These mats of the residents of Meḥoza, if not for their wall,** i.e., upturned edge, **one** would be permitted to **roof** a *sukka* **with them. That opinion is also taught** in a *baraita*: **One** may **roof** the *sukka* **with a mat; and if they have a wall, one** may **not roof** a *sukka* with **them** because the upturned edge renders it a receptacle susceptible to ritual impurity.


###### Sukkah 20b:9
[Sukkah 20b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:9)

**הֲדַרַן עֲלָךְ סוּכָּה**


###### Sukkah 20b:10
[Sukkah 20b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:10)

**הַיָּשֵׁן תַּחַת הַמִּטָּה** בַּסּוּכָּה — לֹא יָצָא יְדֵי חוֹבָתוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: נוֹהֲגִין הָיִינוּ שֶׁהָיִינוּ יְשֵׁנִים תַּחַת הַמִּטָּה בִּפְנֵי הַזְּקֵנִים, וְלֹא אָמְרוּ לָנוּ דָּבָר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **One who sleeps beneath the bed in the *sukka* did not fulfill his obligation,** because the bed constitutes a tent that serves as a barrier between him and the roofing of the *sukka*. **Rabbi Yehuda said: It was our custom that we would sleep beneath the bed before the Elders and they did not say anything to us** to the effect that we are not fulfilling our obligation. Apparently, the halakhic status of the bed is not like that of a tent and it does not prevent fulfillment of the mitzva.


###### Sukkah 20b:11
[Sukkah 20b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:11)

אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, מַעֲשֶׂה בְּטָבִי עַבְדּוֹ שֶׁל רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל שֶׁהָיָה יָשֵׁן תַּחַת הַמִּטָּה, וְאָמַר לָהֶן רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל לַזְּקֵנִים: רְאִיתֶם טָבִי עַבְדִּי, שֶׁהוּא תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְיוֹדֵעַ שֶׁעֲבָדִים פְּטוּרִין מִן הַסּוּכָּה, לְפִיכָךְ יָשֵׁן הוּא תַּחַת הַמִּטָּה. וּלְפִי דַּרְכֵּינוּ: לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁהַיָּשֵׁן תַּחַת הַמִּטָּה לֹא יָצָא יְדֵי חוֹבָתוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **Rabbi Shimon said,** contrary to the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda: **There was an incident involving Tavi, the** Canaanite **slave of Rabban Gamliel, who was sleeping beneath the bed, and Rabbi Gamliel** lightheartedly **said to the Elders:** Did **you see my slave Tavi, who is a Torah scholar and knows that slaves are exempt from** the mitzva of ***sukka*?** Since it is a positive, time-bound mitzva, Canaanite slaves, whose status with regard to this halakhic category is like that of women, are exempt from the obligation to fulfill the mitzva of *sukka*. **Therefore, he sleeps under the bed.** Rabbi Shimon continued: **And by the way,** as Rabban Gamliel was not issuing a halakhic ruling, **we learned that one who sleeps beneath the bed did not fulfill his obligation.**


###### Sukkah 20b:12
[Sukkah 20b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:12)

**גְּמָ׳** וְהָא לֵיכָּא עֲשָׂרָה! תַּרְגְּמָא שְׁמוּאֵל בְּמִטָּה עֲשָׂרָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** The mishna states that one who is sleeping beneath a bed did not fulfill his obligation because a bed, like a tent, acts as a barrier between the person and the roofing. The Gemara asks: **But** isn’t the height of the space beneath the bed **lacking ten** handbreadths, and a space less than ten handbreadths high does not constitute a tent? **Shmuel interpreted** the mishna: It is referring to the case **of a bed ten** handbreadths high.


###### Sukkah 20b:13
[Sukkah 20b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:13)

תְּנַן הָתָם: אֶחָד חוֹר שֶׁחֲרָרוּהוּ מַיִם, אוֹ שְׁרָצִים, אוֹ שֶׁאֲכָלַתּוּ מְלַחַת, וְכֵן מִדְבַּךְ אֲבָנִים, וְכֵן סְוָאר שֶׁל קוֹרוֹת — מַאֲהִיל עַל הַטּוּמְאָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara comments: **We learned** in a mishna **there** with regard to the impurity of a tent: **Both a hole that was perforated** in a rock by **water** or by **creeping animals, or** a hole in a rock **that was** perforated because it was **eaten away** by **salt, and likewise** a space in **a course of stones, and likewise** a space in **a pile of beams** all have the legal status of **a tent over impurity.** A source of impurity imparted by a corpse transmits impurity to other objects in those spaces, as they constitute a tent over a corpse.


###### Sukkah 20b:14
[Sukkah 20b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/20b:14)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כׇּל אֹהֶל שֶׁאֵינוֹ עָשׂוּי בִּידֵי אָדָם — אֵינוֹ אֹהֶל. מַאי טַעְמָא דְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yehuda says:** The legal status of **any tent that is not established by a person is not** that of **a tent** and does not transmit impurity. The Gemara asks: **What is the rationale** for the opinion **of Rabbi Yehuda?** From where did he derive that *halakha*?