## Sukkah Daf 22b

###### Sukkah 22b:1
[Sukkah 22b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:1)

פָּחוֹת מֵאַרְבָּעָה — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, אַרְבָּעָה — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If there is a gap of **less than four** handbreadths, **one need not bring another** cross **beam.** However, if there is a gap of **four** handbreadths, **one must bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Sukkah 22b:2
[Sukkah 22b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:2)

וְכֵן שְׁתֵּי קוֹרוֹת הַמַּתְאִימוֹת, לֹא בָּזוֹ כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל אָרִיחַ וְלֹא בָּזוֹ כְּדֵי לְקַבֵּל אָרִיחַ, אִם מְקַבְּלוֹת אָרִיחַ לְרׇחְבּוֹ טֶפַח — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת, וְאִם לָאו — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And similarly,** if **two parallel,** extremely narrow cross **beams** are placed alongside each other, even though **there is not** sufficient width **in this** beam **in order to receive** and support **a small brick, and there is not** sufficient width **in that** beam **in order to receive** and support **a small brick, if** the two beams together can **receive a small brick along its handbreadth width, one need not bring another** cross **beam** to render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it. **But if not, one is required to bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Sukkah 22b:3
[Sukkah 22b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:3)

רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: אִם מְקַבְּלוֹת אָרִיחַ לְאׇרְכּוֹ שְׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים — אֵין צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת. וְאִם לָאו — צָרִיךְ לְהָבִיא קוֹרָה אַחֶרֶת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: If** the two cross beams can **receive a small brick along its length,** which is **three handbreadths, one need not bring another** cross **beam, but if not, one must bring another** cross **beam.**


###### Sukkah 22b:4
[Sukkah 22b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:4)

הָיוּ אַחַת לְמַעְלָה וְאַחַת לְמַטָּה, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: רוֹאִין הָעֶלְיוֹנָה כְּאִילּוּ הִיא לְמַטָּה, וְאֶת הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה כְּאִילּוּ הִיא לְמַעְלָה. וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא עֶלְיוֹנָה לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה, וְהַתַּחְתּוֹנָה לְמַטָּה מֵעֲשָׂרָה. הָא זֶה וְזֶה בְּתוֹךְ עֶשְׂרִים — אָמְרִינַן חֲבוֹט רְמִי אַף עַל גַּב דְּלֵית בֵּיהּ טֶפַח!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says: If** these two narrow cross beams **are** placed at different heights, **one above and one below, one considers the upper** one **as though it were below, and the lower one as though it were above,** i.e., close together. If the two together are capable of supporting a small brick, they render the alleyway fit for one to carry within it, although they are not actually close to each other, **provided that the upper** cross beam **is not above twenty cubits** off the ground **and the lower** one is not **below ten** handbreadths off the ground, between which a cross beam renders an alleyway fit for one to carry within it. By inference, if both **this** beam **and that** beam **are within twenty** cubits, **we say** that the principle: **Lower and cast** the upper beam down **even though there is not** the width of **a handbreadth** in the upper beam. This is difficult according to Rava’s opinion, as he holds that the principle: Lower and cast, does not apply when the width of the upper crossbeam is less than a handbreadth.


###### Sukkah 22b:5
[Sukkah 22b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:5)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ, תָּרֵיץ וְאֵימָא הָכִי: וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא עֶלְיוֹנָה לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים, אֶלָּא בְּתוֹךְ עֶשְׂרִים, וְהַתַּחְתּוֹנָה סְמוּכָה לָהּ בְּפָחוֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה. אִי נָמֵי: בִּלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא תַּחְתּוֹנָה לְמַטָּה מֵעֲשָׂרָה, אֶלָּא לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲשָׂרָה, וְעֶלְיוֹנָה סְמוּכָה לָהּ בְּפָחוֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה, אֲבָל שְׁלֹשָׁה, כֵּיוָן דְּלֵית בֵּיהּ טֶפַח — לָא אָמְרִינַן חֲבוֹט רְמִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Kahana **said to him: Interpret** the *baraita* **and say as follows: Provided that the upper** beam **is not above twenty** cubits but **rather within twenty** cubits **and the lower one is adjacent to it, less than three** handbreadths from it, as in that case they are joined due to the principle of *lavud* and not the principle of lower and cast. **Alternatively,** interpret the *baraita* as follows: **Provided that the lower** beam **is not below ten** handbreadths but **rather above ten** handbreadths **and the upper** beam **is adjacent to it, less than three** handbreadths from it. **However,** if the distance between the beams is **three** handbreadths, **since there is not** the width of one **handbreadth in** the beam, **we do not say: Lower and cast** the upper beam, and each beam is considered on its own.


###### Sukkah 22b:6
[Sukkah 22b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:6)

וְשֶׁצִּילָּתָהּ מְרוּבָּה מֵחַמָּתָהּ כְּשֵׁרָה. הָא כִּי הֲדָדֵי — פְּסוּלָה. וְהָא תְּנַן בְּאִידַּךְ פִּירְקִין: וְשֶׁחֲמָתָהּ מְרוּבָּה מִצִּילָּתָהּ פְּסוּלָה, הָא כִּי הֲדָדֵי — כְּשֵׁרָה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The mishna continues: A *sukka* **whose shade exceeds its sunlight is fit.** From the formulation of the mishna, it can be inferred that if its shade and sunlight **are equal,** the *sukka* is **unfit.** The Gemara asks: **But didn’t we learn** in a mishna **in another chapter** in this tractate: A *sukka* whose **sunlight exceeds its shade is unfit.** From the formulation of that mishna it can be inferred that if its sunlight and shade **are equal,** the *sukka* **is fit.** The inferences of the two *mishnayot* are contradictory.


###### Sukkah 22b:7
[Sukkah 22b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:7)

לָא קַשְׁיָא: כָּאן מִלְּמַעְלָה, כָּאן מִלְּמַטָּה. אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא, הַיְינוּ דְּאָמְרִי אִינָשֵׁי: כְּזוּזָא מִלְּעֵיל, כְּאִיסְתְּרָא מִלְּתַחַת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: This is **not difficult. Here,** where the inference was that when the sunlight and shade are equal the *sukka* is unfit, it is referring to the ratio of shade to sunlight **from above,** in the *sukka* roofing itself; and **there,** where the inference was that when the sunlight and shade are equal the *sukka* is fit, it is referring to the ratio of shade to sunlight **from below,** on the *sukka* floor. The two inferences are not contradictory, as the lower in the *sukka* one observes the light, the more diffused it is. Therefore, if the shade and the sunlight are equal on the floor of the *sukka*, clearly, the roofing is sufficiently dense and exceeds the gaps. **Rav Pappa said: That is** the meaning of the **folk saying** with regard to light: **Like a *zuz*** coin **above, like an *istera*** coin **below.**


###### Sukkah 22b:8
[Sukkah 22b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:8)

מְעוּבָּה כְּמִין בַּיִת. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: הַמְעוּבָּה כְּמִין בַּיִת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין הַכּוֹכָבִים נִרְאִין מִתּוֹכָהּ — כְּשֵׁרָה. אֵין כּוֹכְבֵי חַמָּה נִרְאִין מִתּוֹכָהּ — בֵּית שַׁמַּאי פּוֹסְלִין וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַכְשִׁירִין.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna continues: A *sukka* whose roofing is **thick like a type of house** is fit. **The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: With regard to a *sukka* whose roofing is **thick like a type of house, although** it is so dense **that the stars are not visible from within it,** the *sukka* **is fit.** However, if it is so thick that **the rays of the sun are** also **not visible from within it, Beit Shammai deem** the *sukka* **unfit and Beit Hillel deem** it **fit.**


###### Sukkah 22b:9
[Sukkah 22b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:9)

**מַתְנִי׳** הָעוֹשֶׂה סוּכָּתוֹ בְּרֹאשׁ הָעֲגָלָה אוֹ בְּרֹאשׁ הַסְּפִינָה — כְּשֵׁרָה, וְעוֹלִין לָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב. בְּרֹאשׁ הָאִילָן אוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי גָּמָל — כְּשֵׁרָה, וְאֵין עוֹלִין לָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** In the case of **one who establishes his *sukka* at the top of the wagon or at the top of the ship,** although it is portable it **is fit,** as it is sufficient for a *sukka* to be a temporary residence. **And one** may **ascend** and enter **it** even **on** the first **Festival** day. In the case of one who establishes his *sukka* **at** the **top of a tree or atop a camel,** the *sukka* **is fit, but one may not ascend** and enter **it on** the first **Festival** day because the Sages prohibit climbing or using trees or animals on the Festival.


###### Sukkah 22b:10
[Sukkah 22b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/22b:10)

שְׁתַּיִם בָּאִילָן וְאַחַת בִּידֵי אָדָם, אוֹ שְׁתַּיִם בִּידֵי אָדָם וְאַחַת בָּאִילָן — כְּשֵׁרָה, וְאֵין עוֹלִין לָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב. שָׁלֹשׁ בִּידֵי אָדָם וְאַחַת בָּאִילָן — כְּשֵׁרָה, וְעוֹלִין לָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
If **two** of the walls of the *sukka* are **in the tree and one** is established on the ground **by a person,** or if **two** are established on the ground **by a person and one** is **in the tree,** the *sukka* **is fit, but one may not ascend** and enter **it on** the first **Festival** day because it is prohibited to use the tree. However, if **three** of the walls are established on the ground **by a person and one** is **in the tree,** then since it contains the minimum number of walls required, it **is fit, and one may enter it on** the first **Festival** day.