## Sukkah Daf 2a

###### Sukkah 2a:1
[Sukkah 2a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:1)

**סוּכָּה** שֶׁהִיא גְּבוֹהָה לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — פְּסוּלָה. וְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַכְשִׁיר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **A *sukka*,** i.e., its roofing, which is the main and most crucial element of the mitzva, **that is more than twenty cubits high is unfit. Rabbi Yehuda deems it fit.**


###### Sukkah 2a:2
[Sukkah 2a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:2)

וְשֶׁאֵינָהּ גְּבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים, וְשֶׁאֵין לָהּ (שְׁלֹשָׁה) דְּפָנוֹת, וְשֶׁחֲמָתָהּ מְרוּבָּה מְצִלָּתָהּ — פְּסוּלָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Similarly, a *sukka* **that is not** even **ten handbreadths high, and** one **that does not have three walls, and** one **whose sunlight** that passes through its roofing **is greater than its shade are unfit.**


###### Sukkah 2a:3
[Sukkah 2a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:3)

**גְּמָ׳** תְּנַן הָתָם: מָבוֹי שֶׁהוּא גָּבוֹהַּ מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — יְמַעֵט. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**GEMARA:** **We learned** a similar *halakha* in a mishna **there,** in tractate *Eiruvin* (2a): In the case of **an alleyway that is higher than twenty cubits,** i.e., the beam that was placed across the end of an alleyway that opens into a public domain in order to permit carrying within the alleyway on Shabbat is higher than twenty cubits, **one** must **diminish** the height of the beam in order to permit carrying within the alleyway. **Rabbi Yehuda says he need not** do so, and although the beam lies higher than twenty cubits, the alleyway is qualified to permit carrying within.


###### Sukkah 2a:4
[Sukkah 2a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:4)

מַאי שְׁנָא גַּבֵּי סוּכָּה דְּתָנֵי פְּסוּלָה, וּמַאי שְׁנָא גַּבֵּי מָבוֹי דְּתָנֵי תַּקַּנְתָּא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Given the seeming similarity between the two cases, that of the *sukka* and that of the alleyway, the Gemara asks: **What is different with regard to a *sukka* where** the mishna **teaches** that it is **unfit, and what is different with regard to an alleyway where** the mishna **teaches** the method of **rectification,** that one must diminish the height of the cross beam? Why was a solution not suggested in the case of a *sukka*?


###### Sukkah 2a:5
[Sukkah 2a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:5)

סוּכָּה דְּאוֹרָיְיתָא, תָּנֵי פְּסוּלָה. מָבוֹי דְּרַבָּנַן, תָּנֵי תַּקַּנְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: With regard to ***sukka*,** since it is a mitzva **by Torah law,** the mishna **teaches** that it is **unfit,** as, if it is not constructed in the proper manner, no mitzva is fulfilled. However, with regard to **an alleyway,** where the entire prohibition of carrying is only **by rabbinic law,** the mishna **teaches** the method of **rectification,** as the cross beam comes only to rectify a rabbinic prohibition but does not involve a mitzva by Torah law.


###### Sukkah 2a:6
[Sukkah 2a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:6)

וְאִיבָּעֵית אֵימָא: בִּדְאוֹרָיְיתָא נָמֵי תָּנֵי תַּקַּנְתָּא, מִיהוּ סוּכָּה דִּנְפִישִׁי מִילָּתַהּ — פָּסֵיק וְתָנֵי פְּסוּלָה, מָבוֹי דְּלָא נְפִישׁ מִילֵּיהּ — תָּנֵי תַּקַּנְתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests an alternative explanation: **And if you wish, say** instead that **even** with regard to matters prohibited **by Torah law,** it would have been appropriate for the mishna to teach a method of **rectification. However,** with regard to ***sukka*, whose matters are numerous, it categorically teaches** that it is **unfit.** Merely diminishing the height of a *sukka* is insufficient to render it fit; the *sukka* must also satisfy requirements governing its size, its walls, and its roofing. Teaching the remedy for each disqualification would have required lengthy elaboration. With regard to **an alleyway,** however, **whose matters are not numerous,** the mishna **teaches** the method of **rectification.** Once the height is diminished, it is permitted to carry in the alleyway.


###### Sukkah 2a:7
[Sukkah 2a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:7)

מְנָא הָנֵי מִילֵּי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ After clarifying its formulation, the Gemara addresses the *halakha* in the mishna and asks: **From where are these matters,** i.e., the *halakha* that a *sukka* may not exceed a height of twenty cubits, derived?


###### Sukkah 2a:8
[Sukkah 2a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:8)

אָמַר רַבָּה, דְּאָמַר קְרָא: ״לְמַעַן יֵדְעוּ דוֹרוֹתֵיכֶם כִּי בַסּוּכּוֹת הוֹשַׁבְתִּי אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל״, עַד עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה, אָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא דָּר בַּסּוּכָּה, לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — אֵין אָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁדָּר בַּסּוּכָּה, מִשּׁוּם דְּלָא שָׁלְטָא בַּהּ עֵינָא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabba said** that it is derived **as the verse states: “So that your future generations will know that I caused the children of Israel to reside in *sukkot*** when I took them out of the land of Egypt” (Leviticus 23:43). In a *sukka* **up to twenty cubits** high, even without a concerted effort, **a person is aware that he is residing in a *sukka*.** His eye catches sight of the roofing, evoking the *sukka* and its associated mitzvot. However, in a *sukka* that is **more than twenty cubits high, a person is not aware that he is residing in a *sukka* because his eye does not** involuntarily **catch sight** of the roof, as at that height, without a concerted effort one would not notice the roofing.


###### Sukkah 2a:9
[Sukkah 2a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:9)

רַבִּי זֵירָא אָמַר מֵהָכָא: ״וְסוּכָּה תִּהְיֶה לְצֵל יוֹמָם מֵחוֹרֶב״, עַד עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה אָדָם יוֹשֵׁב בְּצֵל סוּכָּה, לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — אֵין אָדָם יוֹשֵׁב בְּצֵל סוּכָּה אֶלָּא בְּצֵל דְּפָנוֹת.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Zeira said** that it is derived **from here:** The verse states: **“And there shall be a *sukka* for shade in the daytime from the heat,** and for refuge and cover from storm and from rain” (Isaiah 4:6). In a *sukka* **up to twenty cubits** high, **a person is sitting in the shade of the *sukka*,** i.e., the shade of the roofing; in a *sukka* that is **more than twenty cubits high, a person is not sitting in the shade of** the roofing of **the *sukka* but rather in the shade of the walls** of the *sukka*, as their considerable height provides constant shade, rendering the shade of the roofing irrelevant.


###### Sukkah 2a:10
[Sukkah 2a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:10)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה, הָעוֹשֶׂה סוּכָּתוֹ בְּעַשְׁתְּרוֹת קַרְנַיִם, הָכִי נָמֵי דְּלָא הָוֵי סוּכָּה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said to him: But if** it is **so** that one is required to sit in the shade of the roofing of the *sukka*, then in the case of **one who makes his *sukka* in Ashterot Karnayim,** which is located between two mountains that prevent sunlight from reaching there, **so too,** it **is not a** fit ***sukka*,** since he is not sitting in the shade of the roofing.


###### Sukkah 2a:11
[Sukkah 2a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:11)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָתָם, דַּל עַשְׁתְּרוֹת קַרְנַיִם — אִיכָּא צֵל סוּכָּה. הָכָא, דַּל דְּפָנוֹת — לֵיכָּא צֵל סוּכָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Zeira **said to him:** The two cases are not comparable; **there,** if one theoretically **removes** the **Ashterot Karnayim** mountains that obstruct the sunlight, **there is** still the **shade of the** roofing of the ***sukka*.** In that case, the *sukka* is properly constructed and there are only external factors that affect the sunlight. However, **here,** in the case of a *sukka* that is more than twenty cubits high, if one theoretically **removes the walls** of the *sukka*, **there is no shade** provided **by the** roofing of the ***sukka*,** since throughout the day sunlight will enter the *sukka* beneath the roofing from where the walls used to be.


###### Sukkah 2a:12
[Sukkah 2a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:12)

וְרָבָא אָמַר, מֵהָכָא: ״בַּסּוּכּוֹת תֵּשְׁבוּ שִׁבְעַת יָמִים״. אָמְרָה תּוֹרָה: כׇּל שִׁבְעַת הַיָּמִים צֵא מִדִּירַת קֶבַע וְשֵׁב בְּדִירַת עֲרַאי. עַד עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה אָדָם עוֹשֶׂה דִּירָתוֹ דִּירַת עֲרַאי, לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה — אֵין אָדָם עוֹשֶׂה דִּירָתוֹ דִּירַת עֲרַאי אֶלָּא דִּירַת קֶבַע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rava said** that the *halakha* is derived **from here: “In *sukkot* shall you reside seven days”** (Leviticus 23:42). **The Torah said:** For **the entire seven days, emerge from the permanent residence** in which you reside year round **and reside in a temporary residence,** the *sukka*. In constructing a *sukka* **up to twenty cubits** high, **a person** can **render his residence a temporary residence,** as up to that height one can construct a structure that is not sturdy; however, in constructing a *sukka* **above twenty cubits high, one cannot render his residence a temporary residence; rather,** he must construct a sturdy **permanent residence,** which is unfit for use as a *sukka*.


###### Sukkah 2a:13
[Sukkah 2a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:13)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי: אֶלָּא מֵעַתָּה, עָשָׂה מְחִיצוֹת שֶׁל בַּרְזֶל וְסִיכֵּךְ עַל גַּבָּן, הָכִי נָמֵי דְּלָא הָוֵי סוּכָּה?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Abaye said to him: But if** that is **so,** then if **he constructed** a *sukka* with **steel partitions and placed roofing over them, so too,** there, say that **it would not be a** fit ***sukka*,** as any *sukka* constructed as a permanent residence would be unfit. However, there is no opinion that deems a *sukka* of that sort unfit.


###### Sukkah 2a:14
[Sukkah 2a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sukkah/r/2a:14)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ, הָכִי קָאָמֵינָא לָךְ: עַד עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה דְּאָדָם עוֹשֶׂה דִּירָתוֹ דִּירַת עֲרַאי, כִּי עָבֵיד לֵיהּ דִּירַת קֶבַע, נָמֵי נָפֵיק. לְמַעְלָה מֵעֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה, דְּאָדָם עוֹשֶׂה דִּירָתוֹ דִּירַת קֶבַע, כִּי עָבֵיד לֵיהּ דִּירַת עֲרַאי, נָמֵי לָא נָפֵיק.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rava **said to him** in response that **this is what I am saying to you:** In a case where one constructs a *sukka* **up to twenty cubits** high, a height **that a person** typically constructs **a temporary residence, when he constructs** a structure of that height that is sturdy like **a permanent residence, he also fulfills** his obligation. However, in a case where one constructs a *sukka* **more than twenty cubits high,** a height **that a person** typically constructs **a permanent residence,** even **when he constructs it** in a less sturdy fashion **like a temporary residence, he does not fulfill his obligation.**