## Taanit Daf 13b

###### Taanit 13b:1
[Taanit 13b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:1)

אֵין הַבּוֹגֶרֶת רַשָּׁאָה לְנַוֵּול אֶת עַצְמָהּ בִּימֵי אֵבֶל אָבִיהָ. הָא נַעֲרָה — רַשָּׁאָה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**A grown woman,** i.e., a girl over twelve and a half, who is old enough to be married, **is not permitted to render herself unattractive during the days of mourning for her father,** as this would adversely affect her chances of marriage. The Gemara infers that this *halakha* applies only to a grown woman, whereas **a young woman,** a girl between the ages of twelve and twelve and a half, who is not yet old enough to be married, **is permitted** to render herself unattractive.


###### Taanit 13b:2
[Taanit 13b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:2)

מַאי לָאו בִּרְחִיצָה, וּבְמַאי? אִילֵימָא בְּחַמִּין, אֵין הַבּוֹגֶרֶת רַשָּׁאָה?! וְהָאָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: אָבֵל אָסוּר לְהוֹשִׁיט אֶצְבָּעוֹ בְּחַמִּין! אֶלָּא לָאו, בְּצוֹנֵן. לָא, אַכִּיחוּל וּפִירְכּוּס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara analyzes this *halakha*: **What, is it not** referring to the prohibition **against bathing? And in what** kind of water may a grown woman bathe? **If we say** that the *baraita* is referring to **hot water,** is **a grown woman not permitted** to render herself unattractive by refraining from washing in hot water? **But didn’t Rav Ḥisda say:** It is **prohibited for a mourner to insert** even **his finger into hot water** for the purpose of washing. **Rather, is it not** the case that it is permitted for a grown woman to bathe **in cold water,** from which it may be inferred that it is not permitted for a young woman to bathe even in cold water. The Gemara answers: **No,** the *baraita* is not speaking of bathing at all. Rather it is referring to **painting** the eyes **and dyeing [*pirkus*]** one’s hair, which it is permitted for a grown woman to do during mourning.


###### Taanit 13b:3
[Taanit 13b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:3)

לֵימָא מְסַיַּיע לֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא הַכֹּהֵן מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַכֹּהֵן: מַעֲשֶׂה וּמֵתוּ בָּנָיו שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא, וְרָחַץ בְּצוֹנֵן כׇּל שִׁבְעָה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara proposes: **Let us say that** the aforementioned *baraita* **supports** Rava’s ruling. **As Rabbi Abba the priest said in the name of Rabbi Yosei the priest: An incident** occurred in which **the sons of Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, died, and he bathed in cold water all seven** days of mourning. This ruling apparently indicates that a mourner is permitted to bathe in cold water.


###### Taanit 13b:4
[Taanit 13b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:4)

אָמְרִי: הָתָם בְּשֶׁתְּכָפוּהוּ אֲבָלָיו זֶה אַחַר זֶה. דְּתַנְיָא: תְּכָפוּהוּ אֲבָלָיו זֶה אַחַר זֶה, הִכְבִּיד שְׂעָרוֹ — מֵיקֵל בְּתַעַר, וּמְכַבֵּס כְּסוּתוֹ בְּמַיִם. אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: בְּתַעַר — אֲבָל לֹא בְּמִסְפָּרַיִם, בְּמַיִם — וְלֹא בְּנֶתֶר וְלֹא בְּחוֹל וְלֹא בְּאָהָל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: This is not a proof, as **they say: There** it is referring to a case where **his mourning periods** came immediately **one after the other, as it is taught** in a *baraita*: **If one’s mourning periods** came immediately **one after the other** and **his hair grew heavy, he may lighten it with a razor, and he may wash his garment in water.** And **Rav Ḥisda said:** He may trim his hair **with a razor, but not with scissors.** Likewise, he may wash his garment **in water, but not with natron, nor with sand, and nor with iceplant.**


###### Taanit 13b:5
[Taanit 13b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:5)

אִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, אָמַר רָבָא: אָבֵל אָסוּר בְּצוֹנֵן כׇּל שִׁבְעָה. מַאי שְׁנָא מִבָּשָׂר וְיַיִן? הָתָם לְפַכּוֹחֵי פַּחְדֵּיהּ הוּא דְּעָבֵיד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The foregoing is one version of Rava’s opinion and the ensuing discussion. **Some say** a different version of this debate. **Rava said:** It is **prohibited for a mourner** to bathe **in cold water all seven** days of mourning. The Gemara asks: In **what** way **is** this case **different from** eating **meat and** drinking **wine,** which a mourner is permitted to do? The Gemara responds: **There, he acts to relieve his anxieties.** Since a mourner is typically distressed over the death of a close relative, the Sages permitted him to fortify himself with strong food and drink.


###### Taanit 13b:6
[Taanit 13b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:6)

לֵימָא מְסַיַּיע לֵיהּ: אֵין הַבּוֹגֶרֶת רַשָּׁאָה לְנַוֵּול עַצְמָהּ. הָא נַעֲרָה — רַשָּׁאָה! בְּמַאי, אִילֵימָא בְּחַמִּין: אֵין הַבּוֹגֶרֶת רַשָּׁאָה?! וְהָאָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: אָבֵל אָסוּר לְהוֹשִׁיט אֶצְבָּעוֹ בְּחַמִּין! אֶלָּא לָאו, בְּצוֹנֵן. לָא, אַכִּיחוּל וּפִירְכּוּס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara proposes: **Let us say that** the following *baraita* **supports** Rava’s ruling. **A grown woman is not permitted to render herself unattractive** during the days of mourning for her father. As above, the Gemara infers that this *halakha* applies only to a grown woman, but **a young woman is permitted** to render herself unattractive. **In what** kind of water may a grown woman bathe? **If we say** that this is referring to **hot water,** is **a grown woman not permitted** to refrain from washing in hot water? **But didn’t Rav Ḥisda say:** It is **prohibited for a mourner to insert his finger into hot water** for the purpose of washing. **Rather, is it not** the case that the *baraita* is referring **to** bathing **in cold water?** The Gemara answers: **No;** the *baraita* is speaking **of painting** the eyes **and dyeing** the hair.


###### Taanit 13b:7
[Taanit 13b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:7)

אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת, אָבֵל אָסוּר בְּתִכְבּוֹסֶת כׇּל שִׁבְעָה. וְהִלְכְתָא: אָבֵל אָסוּר לִרְחוֹץ כׇּל גּוּפוֹ בֵּין בְּחַמִּין וּבֵין בְּצוֹנֵן כׇּל שִׁבְעָה. אֲבָל פָּנָיו יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו, בְּחַמִּין — אָסוּר, בְּצוֹנֵן — מוּתָּר. אֲבָל לָסוּךְ, אֲפִילּוּ כָּל שֶׁהוּא אָסוּר. וְאִם לְעַבֵּר אֶת הַזּוּהֲמָא — מוּתָּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Ḥisda said: That is to say,** i.e., as the *baraita* states that it is permitted for a grown woman who observes successive periods of mourning to paint and dye her hair, the same *halakha* evidently applies to laundry, from which it may be inferred that in an unexceptional case it is **prohibited for a mourner to** wash **laundry all seven** days of mourning. The Gemara concludes: **And** the practical ***halakha*** is: It is **prohibited for a mourner to bathe his entire body both in hot water and in cold water all seven** days of mourning. **However,** with regard to **his face, his hands, and his feet,** although it is **prohibited** to bathe them **in hot water, in cold water** it is **permitted. However,** with regard **to smearing** with oil, even **any** minimal **amount** of smearing **is prohibited. But if** one does so **to remove the dirt,** it is **permitted.**


###### Taanit 13b:8
[Taanit 13b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:8)

צְלוֹתָא דְתַעֲנִיתָא הֵיכִי מַדְכְּרִינַן? אַדְבְּרֵיהּ רַב יְהוּדָה לְרַב יִצְחָק בְּרֵיהּ, וּדְרַשׁ: יָחִיד שֶׁקִּיבֵּל עָלָיו תַּעֲנִית — מִתְפַּלֵּל שֶׁל תַּעֲנִית, וְהֵיכָן אוֹמְרָהּ — בֵּין ״גּוֹאֵל״ לְ״רוֹפֵא״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara returns to the discussion of the *Aneinu* prayer, recited on fast days. The **prayer of a fast, how does one mention** it? **Rav Yehuda granted his son Rav Yitzḥak** general **permission** to expound publicly, while instructing him in the substance of what he should say, **and** Rav Yitzḥak **taught: An individual who took a fast upon himself prays** the prayer **of a fast. And where** in the *Amida* **does he recite** this additional prayer? **Between** the seventh blessing of the *Amida*: **Who redeems, and** the eighth blessing: **Who heals.**


###### Taanit 13b:9
[Taanit 13b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:9)

מַתְקֵיף לַהּ רַב יִצְחָק: וְכִי יָחִיד קוֹבֵעַ בְּרָכָה לְעַצְמוֹ? אֶלָּא אָמַר רַב יִצְחָק: בְּ״שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִלָּה״. וְכֵן אָמַר רַב שֵׁשֶׁת: בְּ״שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִלָּה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Yitzḥak strongly objects to this: But may an individual establish a blessing for himself,** in addition to the fixed blessings of the *Amida*? **Rather, Rav Yitzḥak said:** One mentions his fast **in** the blessing: **Who listens to prayer,** in accordance with the general principle that an individual may insert private requests into this general plea for the acceptance of prayers, including matters outside the scope of the established blessings. **And similarly, Rav Sheshet said:** One recites the prayer for a fast day **in** the blessing: **Who listens to prayer.**


###### Taanit 13b:10
[Taanit 13b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:10)

מֵיתִיבִי: אֵין בֵּין יָחִיד לְצִבּוּר, אֶלָּא שֶׁזֶּה מִתְפַּלֵּל שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה, וְזֶה מִתְפַּלֵּל תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה. מַאי ״יָחִיד״ וּמַאי ״צִבּוּר״? אִילֵּימָא יָחִיד — מַמָּשׁ, וְצִבּוּר — שְׁלִיחַ צִבּוּר, הָנֵי תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה? עֶשְׂרִין וְאַרְבַּע הָווּ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** from a *baraita*: **The only** halakhic **difference between an individual and a community is that this** one, an individual, **prays eighteen** blessings in his *Amida*, **and that** one, a community, **prays nineteen** blessings. The Gemara analyzes this statement: **What** is **an individual and what** is **a community** in this context? **If we say** that **an individual** means **an actual** individual, **and community** is referring to the communal **prayer leader,** are **there** really only **nineteen** blessings in the communal *Amida* of a fast? **There are twenty-four** blessings. As will be explained, six additional blessings are added on communal fast days.


###### Taanit 13b:11
[Taanit 13b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:11)

אֶלָּא לָאו, הָכִי קָאָמַר: אֵין בֵּין יָחִיד דְּקִבֵּל עָלָיו תַּעֲנִית יָחִיד לְיָחִיד שֶׁקִּבֵּל עָלָיו תַּעֲנִית צִבּוּר, אֶלָּא שֶׁזֶּה מִתְפַּלֵּל שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה, וְזֶה מִתְפַּלֵּל תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ: יָחִיד קוֹבֵעַ בְּרָכָה לְעַצְמוֹ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rather, is it not** the case that **this is what** the *baraita* **is saying: The only** halakhic difference **between an individual who took an individual fast upon himself and an individual who took a communal fast upon himself, is only that this one prays eighteen** blessings, as he mentions his fast in the blessing: Who listens to prayer, **and that one prays nineteen** blessings. **Learn from** this statement that **an individual may establish an individual blessing for himself.**


###### Taanit 13b:12
[Taanit 13b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:12)

לָא, לְעוֹלָם אֵימָא לָךְ שְׁלִיחַ צִבּוּר, וּדְקָא קַשְׁיָא לָךְ: שְׁלִיחַ צִבּוּר עֶשְׂרִין וְאַרְבַּע מְצַלֵּי — בְּשָׁלֹשׁ תַּעֲנִיּוֹת רִאשׁוֹנוֹת, דְּלֵיכָּא עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this contention: **No, actually** I could **say to you** that this mention of a community is referring to the **prayer leader. And** with regard to **what** poses **a difficulty for you,** that the **prayer leader prays twenty-four** blessings, the *baraita* is referring **to the first three fasts,** in **which there are not twenty-four blessings,** but only the usual eighteen blessings, plus one additional blessing for fast days.


###### Taanit 13b:13
[Taanit 13b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:13)

וְלָא? וְהָא ״אֵין בֵּין״ קָתָנֵי: אֵין בֵּין שָׁלֹשׁ רִאשׁוֹנוֹת לְשָׁלֹשׁ אֶמְצָעִיּוֹת, אֶלָּא שֶׁבְּאֵלּוּ מוּתָּרִין בַּעֲשִׂיַּית מְלָאכָה, וּבְאֵלּוּ אֲסוּרִין בַּעֲשִׂיַּית מְלָאכָה. הָא לְעֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע — זֶה וָזֶה שָׁוִין!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara questions this resolution: **And** are the six additional blessings **not** recited on the first series of communal fasts? **But** with regard to this issue, a *baraita* **taught** the instructive phrase: **The only** difference between them, as follows: **The difference between** the **first three** fasts **and** the **middle three fasts is only that on these** first fasts it is **permitted** to perform **work, and on these** middle fasts it is **prohibited** to perform **work.** This indicates that with regard **to** reciting all **twenty-four** blessings, both **this and that are identical.**


###### Taanit 13b:14
[Taanit 13b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:14)

תְּנָא וְשַׁיַּיר. מַאי שַׁיַּיר דְּהַאי שַׁיַּיר? וְתוּ: וְהָא ״אֵין בֵּין״ קָתָנֵי! אֶלָּא, תַּנָּא בְּאִיסּוּרֵי קָא מַיְירֵי, בִּתְפִלּוֹת לָא מַיְירֵי. וְאִי בָּעֵית אֵימָא: בְּאֶמְצָעֲיָיתָא נָמֵי לָא מְצַלֵּי עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara rejects this argument: The *tanna* **taught** some of the differences between the fasts, **and omitted** some of them. The Gemara asks: **What** else **did** the *tanna* **omit** that you can justifiably claim **that he omitted this** case? In other words, it is possible for the *tanna* to have omitted a few examples, but he would not have omitted a single case. **And furthermore,** the *baraita* does not merely offer a list of differences, as it **teaches: The** difference **between them is only.** This phrase indicates that this is the only difference. **Rather,** the ***tanna* is speaking of** the various **prohibitions** of fast days, but he is **not speaking of** other differences, such as those that involve the details of **prayers. And if you wish, say** instead that **on** the **middle** three fasts **too,** the prayer leader **does not pray twenty-four** blessings, as the six additional blessings are recited only during the last series of fasts.


###### Taanit 13b:15
[Taanit 13b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:15)

וְלָא?! וְהָתַנְיָא: אֵין בֵּין שָׁלֹשׁ שְׁנִיּוֹת לְשֶׁבַע אַחֲרוֹנוֹת, אֶלָּא שֶׁבְּאִלּוּ מַתְרִיעִין וְנוֹעֲלִין אֶת הַחֲנוּיוֹת. הָא לְכׇל דִּבְרֵיהֶן — זֶה וָזֶה שָׁוִין! וְכִי תֵּימָא הָכָא נָמֵי תְּנָא וְשַׁיַּיר — וְהָא ״אֵין בֵּין״ קָתָנֵי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara expresses surprise at this: **And** does the prayer leader **not** recite all twenty-four blessings during the middle three fasts? **But isn’t it taught** in a *baraita*: **The difference between** the **second** set of **three** fasts **and** the **last seven fasts is only that in these they sound the alarm and lock the stores.** This indicates that **with regard to all their** other **matters,** both **this and that are identical. And if you say** that **here, too, he taught and omitted, but** it **teaches: The** difference **between them is only** indicating that there is no other difference.


###### Taanit 13b:16
[Taanit 13b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/13b:16)

וְתִסְבְּרָא ״אֵין בֵּין״ דַּוְקָא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And** how can **you understand** it that way? Does the phrase: **The** difference **between them is only, specifically** mean that there is only a single difference between the cases?