## Taanit Daf 15a

###### Taanit 15a:1
[Taanit 15a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:1)

לִבְזֹה נֶפֶשׁ לִמְתָעֵב גּוֹי לְעֶבֶד מֹשְׁלִים מְלָכִים יִרְאוּ וָקָמוּ״. וְשָׂרִים בְּהִשְׁתַּחֲוָיָה, דִּכְתִיב: ״שָׂרִים וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ״. מַתְקֵיף לַהּ רַבִּי זֵירָא, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָנִי: אִי הֲוָה כְּתִיב ״וְשָׂרִים יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ״ — כִּדְקָאָמְרַתְּ, הַשְׁתָּא דִּכְתִיב ״שָׂרִים וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ״ — הָא וְהָא עֲבוּד.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**to he who is despised of men, to he who is abhorred of nations, to a servant of rulers: Kings shall see and arise”** (Isaiah 49:7); **and ministers by bowing, as it is written,** in the same verse: **“Ministers, and they shall bow.” Rabbi Zeira strongly objects to this** interpretation, **and some say** it was **Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani** who objected. **Had** the verse **written: And ministers shall bow,** the meaning would have been **as you said.** However, **now that it is written: “Ministers, and they shall bow,”** this indicates that ministers will **do this and that,** i.e., they will both arise and bow.


###### Taanit 15a:2
[Taanit 15a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:2)

אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן בַּר יִצְחָק, אַף אֲנִי אוֹמֵר: לֹא הַכֹּל לְאוֹרָה, וְלֹא הַכֹּל לְשִׂמְחָה. צַדִּיקִים — לְאוֹרָה, וִישָׁרִים — לְשִׂמְחָה. צַדִּיקִים לְאוֹרָה, דִּכְתִיב: ״אוֹר זָרֻעַ לַצַּדִּיק״. וְלִישָׁרִים שִׂמְחָה, דִּכְתִיב: ״וּלְיִשְׁרֵי לֵב שִׂמְחָה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: I too say** a similar idea. **Not all** are fit **for light, and not all** are fit **for gladness. The righteous** are fit to be rewarded **with light, and the upright** are fit to be rewarded **with gladness. The righteous** are fit to be rewarded **with light,** as it is written: **“Light is sown for the righteous”** (Psalms 97:11), **and the upright** are fit to be rewarded **with gladness, as it is written,** in the same verse: **“And gladness for the upright in heart.”**


###### Taanit 15a:3
[Taanit 15a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:3)

**הֲדַרַן עֲלָךְ מֵאֵימָתַי**


###### Taanit 15a:4
[Taanit 15a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:4)

**סֵדֶר תַּעֲנִיּוֹת כֵּיצַד**? מוֹצִיאִין אֶת הַתֵּיבָה, לִרְחוֹבָהּ שֶׁל עִיר, וְנוֹתְנִין אֵפֶר מִקְלֶה עַל גַּבֵּי הַתֵּיבָה, וּבְרֹאשׁ הַנָּשִׂיא, וּבְרֹאשׁ אַב בֵּית דִּין, וְכׇל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד נוֹתֵן בְּרֹאשׁוֹ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**MISHNA:** **What is** the customary **order of fast days?** Normally the sacred ark in the synagogue, which was mobile, was kept in a locked room. However, on fast days **they remove the ark to the** main **city square and place burnt ashes upon the ark,** as a sign of mourning. **And** they also place ashes **on the head of the *Nasi*, and on the head of the deputy *Nasi*, and each and every** member of the community likewise **places** ashes **upon his head.**


###### Taanit 15a:5
[Taanit 15a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:5)

הַזָּקֵן שֶׁבָּהֶן אוֹמֵר לִפְנֵיהֶן דִּבְרֵי כִבּוּשִׁין: אַחֵינוּ! לֹא נֶאֱמַר בְּאַנְשֵׁי נִינְוֵה ״וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים אֶת שַׂקָּם וְאֶת תַּעֲנִיתָם״, אֶלָּא: ״וַיַּרְא הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם כִּי שָׁבוּ מִדַּרְכָּם הָרָעָה״, וּבַקַּבָּלָה הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״וְקִרְעוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְאַל בִּגְדֵיכֶם״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The eldest** member **of the** community **says to** the congregation **statements of reproof,** for example: **Our brothers, it is not stated with regard to the people of Nineveh: And God saw their sackcloth and their fasting. Rather,** the verse says: **“And God saw their deeds, that they had turned from their evil way”** (Jonah 3:10). **And in the Prophets it says: “And rend your hearts and not your garments,** and return to the Lord your God” (Joel 2:13). This teaches that prayer and fasting are insufficient, as one must also repent and amend his ways in practice.


###### Taanit 15a:6
[Taanit 15a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:6)

עָמְדוּ בִּתְפִלָּה — מוֹרִידִין לִפְנֵי הַתֵּיבָה זָקֵן וְרָגִיל וְיֵשׁ לוֹ בָּנִים, וּבֵיתוֹ רֵיקָם, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא לִבּוֹ שָׁלֵם בִּתְפִלָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**They stood for prayer.** The congregation appoints **an elder,** who is **experienced** in leading prayer, **to descend before the ark** as communal prayer leader. **And** this prayer leader must **have children and** must have **an empty house,** i.e., he must be poor, **so that his heart will be fully** concentrated **on the prayer** for the needs of his community.


###### Taanit 15a:7
[Taanit 15a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:7)

וְאוֹמֵר לִפְנֵיהֶן עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע בְּרָכוֹת: שְׁמוֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שֶׁבְּכָל יוֹם, וּמוֹסִיף עֲלֵיהֶן עוֹד שֵׁשׁ, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן: זִכְרוֹנוֹת וְשׁוֹפָרוֹת, ״אֶל ה׳ בַּצָּרָתָה לִּי קָרָאתִי וַיַּעֲנֵנִי״, ״אֶשָּׂא עֵינַי אֶל הֶהָרִים וְגוֹ׳״, ״מִמַּעֲמַקִּים קְרָאתִיךָ ה׳״, ״תְּפִלָּה לְעָנִי כִי יַעֲטֹף״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And he recites twenty-four blessings before the** congregation: The **eighteen** blessings **of** the **everyday** *Amida* prayer, **to which he adds another six** blessings, **and they are** as follows: The special series of blessings recited on Rosh HaShana, the **Remembrances and *Shofarot*;** and the sections of Psalms that begin with the verses: **“In my distress I called to the Lord and He answered me”** (Psalms 120:1), **“I will lift up my eyes to the mountains;** from where will my help come” (Psalms 121:1), **“Out of the depths I have called You, O Lord”** (Psalms 130:1), and **“A prayer of the afflicted, when he faints”** (Psalms 102:1).


###### Taanit 15a:8
[Taanit 15a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:8)

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: לֹא הָיָה צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר זִכְרוֹנוֹת וְשׁוֹפָרוֹת, אֶלָּא אוֹמֵר תַּחְתֵּיהֶן ״רָעָב כִּי יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה״, ״אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר ה׳ אֶל יִרְמְיָהוּ עַל דִּבְרֵי הַבַּצָּרוֹת״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yehuda says:** The prayer leader **did not need to recite** the **Remembrances and *Shofarot*** passages. **Rather, he recites instead of them** the passage beginning with: **“If there be famine in the land, if there be pestilence”** (I Kings 8:37), followed by the verse **“The word of the Lord that came to Jeremiah concerning the droughts”** (Jeremiah 14:1).


###### Taanit 15a:9
[Taanit 15a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:9)

וְאוֹמֵר חוֹתְמֵיהֶן. עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנָה הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת אַבְרָהָם בְּהַר הַמּוֹרִיָּה הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה. בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ גּוֹאֵל יִשְׂרָאֵל״. עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת אֲבוֹתֵינוּ עַל יַם סוּף הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע קוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ זוֹכֵר הַנִּשְׁכָּחוֹת״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And he recites** at the end of all of these six blessing **their** unique **conclusions. For** the conclusion of **the first** blessing: Redeemer of Israel, **he recites: He Who answered Abraham on Mount Moriah** (see Genesis 22:11–18), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Redeemer of Israel. For the second** blessing, to which he adds the verses of Remembrances, **he recites: He Who answered our forefathers at the Red Sea** (see Exodus 14:15–31), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who remembers the forgotten.**


###### Taanit 15a:10
[Taanit 15a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:10)

עַל הַשְּׁלִישִׁית הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּגִּלְגָּל הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּרוּעָה״. עַל הָרְבִיעִית הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת שְׁמוּאֵל בַּמִּצְפָּה הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ שׁוֹמֵעַ צְעָקָה״. עַל הַחֲמִישִׁית הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת אֵלִיָּהוּ בְּהַר הַכַּרְמֶל הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִלָּה״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**For the third** blessing, which includes the verses of *Shofarot*, **he recites: He Who answered Joshua at Gilgal,** when they sounded the *shofar* in Jericho (see Joshua 5:6), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who hears the *terua*. For the fourth** blessing, **he recites: He Who answered Samuel in Mizpah** (see I Samuel, chapter 7), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who hears cries. For the fifth he recites: He Who answered Elijah on Mount Carmel** (see I Kings, chapter 18), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who hears prayer.**


###### Taanit 15a:11
[Taanit 15a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:11)

עַל הַשִּׁשִּׁית הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת יוֹנָה מִמְּעֵי הַדָּגָה, הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ הָעוֹנֶה בְּעֵת צָרָה״. עַל הַשְּׁבִיעִית הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״מִי שֶׁעָנָה אֶת דָּוִד וְאֶת שְׁלֹמֹה בְּנוֹ בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם, הוּא יַעֲנֶה אֶתְכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל צַעֲקַתְכֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה׳ הַמְרַחֵם עַל הָאָרֶץ״.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**For the sixth** blessing **he recites: He Who answered Jonah from within the innards of the fish** (see Jonah 2:2–11), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who answers in a time of trouble. For** the conclusion of **the seventh** blessing, which is actually the sixth additional blessing, as the first blessing listed here is an expanded version of a regular weekday blessing, **he recites: He Who answered David and Solomon his son in Jerusalem** (see I Kings 8:12–53), **He will answer you and hear the sound of your cry on this day. Blessed are You, Lord, Who has mercy on the Land.**


###### Taanit 15a:12
[Taanit 15a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Taanit/r/15a:12)

מַעֲשֶׂה

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The mishna relates: **An incident** occurred