## Tosefta Ketubot Chapter 9

###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:1
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:1)

מי שמת והניח אשתו שומרת יבם אפי' הניח נכסים של מאה מנה אין היורשין יכולין למכור מפני שכל נכסים אחראין לכתובתה כיצד יעשה כונסה ומגרשה ושוברת לו על כתובתה הניח אחיו מעות או שהיה יבמה חייב לבעלה מעות לא יאמר הואיל שאני יורש החזקתי אלא מוציאין מידו וילקח בהן קרקע והוא אוכל פירות.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
A man who dies and leaves his wife as someone waiting for her levir, even if he leaves property of 100 maneh and her ketubah is only 1 maneh (sic! supplied from manuscripts), his inheritors are not able to sell [any of it] because all the property is [potentially] mortgaged for her ketubah. What should he [the levir] do? Marry her and divorce her, and she should write for him a receipt for her ketubah. If he left his brothers money, or the yevamah had money in a debt to her husband, he shouldn't say "Since I inherit, I will seize [them]"—rather, they take [them] away from him and buy with them land [i.e. property] and he eats the fruit [i.e. gets the profits from it].


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:2
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:2)

[הרוצה להבריח נכסיה מפני בעלה כותבתן בטפוס לאחר] דברי רשב"ג וחכמים אומרים מצחק [הוא] בה [אלא] כותבתן במתנה מהיום עד שעה שארצה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
A woman who wants to hide her property from her husband, she should write them in a contract of guardianship to another [so that her husband doesn't have access to them]—words of Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel. But the Hakhamim say: He is playing with her! [The buyer has full access to the property and there is nothing she can do about it]. Rather, she should write them in a gift [contract with the words:] "From today until the moment that I want [to take the property back]".


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:3
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:3)

ר' יהודה אומר לעולם הוא אוכל פירי פירות וילקח בהן קרקע והוא אוכל פירות רשב"ג ור' ישמעאל בן ר' יוחנן בן ברוקה אומרים אם מתה יירשנה שהתנה על מה שכתוב בתורה וכל המתנה על מה שכתוב בתורה תנאו בטל.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Rabbi Yehudah says: [The husband] can always eat the fruits' fruit [i.e. the interest's interest, even if he said in the ketubah that he gives up access to the fruit from her property]. How so? He can sell the fruit and buy with [that money] land, and he can eat the fruit. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel and Rabbi Yohanan ben Berokah say: If she dies, he inherits it [the fruit, even if he said he wouldn't have access to it in the ketubah], for she made a stipulation against what was written in the Torah and anyone who stipulates against what is written in the Torah, his stipulation is null and void.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:4
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:4)

מי שמת והניח נכסים ומטלטלין ויצתה עליו כתובת אשה ובעל חוב כל הקודם בהם זכה והוא נקבר מן הצדקה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
One who dies and leaves moveable property, and there is upon him [the responsibility for] his wife's ketubah and [for] a creditor—anyone who comes first [to claim their money] wins out [even to the extent that there is nothing left in his property such that] he is buried from charity funds.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:5
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:5)

אלו הן יורשין הבאין ברשותה כל שמכרה להן או שנתנה להן במתנה כתב לה נדר ושבועה אין לי עליך [אין] היורשין יכולין להשביעה בדברים שנשתמשה בחיי בעלה בד"א בזמן שהלכה מקבר בעלה לבית אביה אבל אם הלכה מקבר בעלה לבית חמיה אפי' כתב לה נדר ושבועה אין לי עליך היורשין יכולין להשביעה בדברים שנשתמשה בהם לאחר מיתת בעלה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
These are those (sic!, the word "inheritors" is not in the Ehrfurt manuscript) who come with her permission [whom the inheritors can force to take an oath, even if they exempt her from doing so; see Mishnah Ketubot 8:5): Anyone to whom she sold [the property in question] or gave as a gift. If he wrote for her [in the ketubah]: "I will have no vow or oath upon you", the inheritors are not able to cause her to swear on things that were used after the death of her husband [that she didn't use them and therefore owes no money]. When does this apply? When she went from her husband's grave to her father's house. But, if she went from her husband's grave to her father-in-law's house, even if he wrote for her "I will have no vow or oath upon you", the inheritors are able to make her swear about property she used after her husband's death.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:6
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:6)

אין האיש משביע את אשתו עד שיושיבנה חנוונית או עד שיעשנה אפטרופסא האשה כל זמן שתובעת כתובתה אין היורשין יכולין להשביעה בדברים שנשתמשה בהן לאחר מיתת בעלה דברי ר"ש וחכ"א בין כך ובין כך היורשין משביעין אותה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
A man can't make his wife swear [that she didn't misuse his property] until he appoints her as a shopkeeper [in his shop] or until he makes her an administrator [over his property]. A wife, while she is claiming her ketubah, the inheritors [of her dead husband] can make her swear [that she did not already collect it]; if she is not claiming her ketubah, the inheritors cannot make her swear—words of Rabbi Shimon. But the Hakhamim say: Either way, the inheritors can make her swear.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:7
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:7)

אריס כל זמן שהוא אריס ויצא מאריסותו הרי הוא כאחד [מבני] אדם שותף כל זמן שהוא שותף יצא משותפתו הרי הוא כאחד מכל אדם אפטרופוס כל זמן שהוא אפטרופוס יצא מאפטרופוסתו הרי הוא כאחד מכל אדם.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
[The owner can make his] tenant [swear an oath] whenever he is a tenant. If he leaves his tenancy, behold he is like any other man. A joint owner [can be made to swear by his partner] whenever he is a joint owner. If he leaves his partnership, behold he is like any other man. An administrator—whenever he is an administrator. If he leaves his administratorship, behold he is like any other man.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:8
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:8)

בן בית שאמרו לא זה שנכנס ויוצא אלא מכניס פירות ומוציא פירות שוכר פועלין ופוטר פועלין לוה ממנו בערב שביעית ומוצאי שביעית [שביעית] נעשה לו שותף או אריס [פוטר] אבל נעשה לו שותף או אריס בערב שביעית ולשביעית ולמוצאי שביעית חזר ולוה הימנו מגלגלין עליו את הכל.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
The member of the house that they spoke about (in Mishnah Shevuot 7:8, where they list the types of people, inclduding those in the previous halakhah here who can be made to swear an oath even if there is no certain claim of lost money) is not someone who comes and goes, but one who brings in fruit and takes out fruit, one who hires labourers and dismisses labourers. One who gets a loan from [his fellow] on the 6th or 7th year, and in the 8th year is made for him a business partner or a tenant, is exempt [from being made to swear an oath related to his loan, but still can be made to swear an oath on his partnership or tenancy, because the 7th year annulled the loan and anything related to it]. But, if he is made for him a partner or tenant on the 6th or 7th year, and in the 8th year returns and takes a loan from him, they roll over him everything [i.e. he can be made to swear both oaths].


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:9
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:9)

הפוחתת כתובה נפרעת שלא בשבועה כיצד היתה כתובתה אלף זוז אמר לה התקבלת כתובתיך והיא אומרת לא התקבלתי ואינה אלא מנה נפרעת שלא בשבועה נכסים משועבדין אין צריך לומר לאחר מיתת בעלה אלא אפי' בחיי בעלה [נכסי] יתומים אין צריך לומר מן הגדולים אלא אפי' מן הקטנים.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
One who reduces her ketubah, she can collect [it] without an oath [that she hasn't already collected it]. How so? Her ketubah was 1000 zuz. He said to her: "You received your ketubah", and she says, "I didn't receive it but it was only 100 zuz"—she can collect without an oath. [She can't collect her ketubah from] mortgaged property [without an oath]—one doesn't even need to say this for after her husband's death, but even during her husbands life. [She can't collect her ketubah from] property of orphans—one doesn't need to say this for adults, but even from minors.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:10
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:10)

הוציאה גט ואין עמה כתובה בתולה גובה מאתים ואלמנה מנה כתובה ואין עמה גט אין גובה כלום מפני שהיא אומרת אבד גיטי והוא אומר אבד שוברי בראשונה היו אומרים המוציא הכתובה צריכה שתוציא עמה גט [דברי ר"מ וחכ"א] מן הסכנה ואילך התקינו שתהא מקרעתו בב"ד וגובה בו.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
He divorces her with a get but she has no ketubah—[if she was when married] a virgin, she collects 200 zuz; [if she was] a non-virgin, she collects 100. [If she has] a ketubah but she doesn't have a get—she can't collect anything, because if she says "I lost my get", he can say "I lost my receipt". Originally, they used to say (compare to Mishnah Ketubot 9:9): One who divorces her [with] her ketubah, she needs to go out with a get—words of Rabbi Meir. But Hakhamim say: From the [time of] danger onwards they decreed that it can be from a piece of it in court and she can collect with it.


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:11
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:11)

שתי כתובות וגט ומיתה גובה שתי כתובות גט וכתובה ומיתה אם הגט קדם את המיתה גובה שתי כתובות אם [כתובה] קדמה את הגט אינו גובה אלא כתובה אחת שהמגרש את האשה [והחזירה] על מנת כתובה הראשונה החזירה אם חדש נוטל מה שחדש.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Two ketubot, one get and one death, she can collect two ketubot. A get, a ketubah and a death—if the get is from before the ketubah, she can collect two ketubot; if the ketubah is from before the get, she can only collect one ketubah, for [it must be that] the one who divorced her took her back and took her back with the understanding that the first ketubah [remained in place]. (The following omitted in the printed edition, supplied from Ehrfurt manuscript:) If she wrote a receipt for him [for her whole ketubah] while they were married, he divorced her, took her back and died—she takes her ketubah of 100 zuz [the minimum for a non-virgin from the 2nd marriage]. If he made a new [ketubah], she takes whatever is in the new [ketubah].


###### Tosefta Ketubot 9:12
[Tosefta Ketubot 9:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Ketubot/r/9:12)

קטן שהשיאו אביו כתובתו קיימת מת נוטלת כתובתה מנה אם חדש נוטל מה שחדש וכן גר שנתגיירה אשתו עמו כתובתה קיימת שע"מ כן קיימה ואם חדש נוטל מה שחדש.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
(The following based on Ehrfurt manuscript, against the printed edition:) A minor boy whose father married him off, his ketubah stands [when he grows to majority age, he still has to pay the ketubah to his wife on the event of his death or divorce]. But if he wrote a new ketubah [when he was of majority age], she can take whatever is in the new [ketubah]. A convert that converts with his wife, his ketubah stands, for it was with this understanding that he upheld it. But if he wrote a new [ketubah], she can take whatever is in the new ketubah.