## Tosefta Yevamot Chapter 13

###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:1
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:1)

בראשונה היו כותבין שטרי מיאון לא שפיה ליה ולא רעיה ליה ולית היא צביא לאיתנסבא ליה ב"ה אומרים בבית דין ושלא בב"ד ובלבד שיהו שלשה ר' יוסי בר' יהודה ור"א בר' שמעון אומרים אפילו [בפני שנים] כיצד מצות מיאון אומרת אי אפשי בפלוני בעלי אי אפשי בקדושין שקידשני אמא או אחי אפילו היא יושבת באפריון והלכה אצל מי שנתקדשה ואמרה בפניו אי אפשי בפלוני בעלי [זה] אין מיאון גדול מזה [ר' יהודה אומר אפילו נכנסה ליטול חפץ מחנוני ואמרה בפניו אי אפשי בפלוני בעלי אין מיאון גדול מזה יתר על כן א"ר יהודה אפילו אורחין מסובין ואמרה בפניהם אי אפשי בפלוני בעלי אין מיאון גדול מזה] קטנה שקדשה את עצמה והשיאה את עצמה בחיי אביה אין קידושיה קדושין ואין נשואיה נשואין.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Originally they would write documents of miyun (i.e., the declaration of refusal by a minor girl), "She is not a comfort to him, and she is not a companion to him, and she does not desire to be married to him." Beit Hillel say, [the declaration may be made either] before the court or not before the court (Yevamot 13:1), as long as there are three [witnesses]. Rabbi Yosei b'Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Elazar b'Rabbi Shimon say, even before two. How is the commandment of miyun [carried out]? She says, "I do not desire so-and-so as my husband," [or] "I do not desire the betrothal with which my mother or my brothers caused me to be betrothed." Even if she is seated in the palanquin (i.e., being conducted to her husband's house) and went to whoever arranged her betrothal, and stated in front of him, "I do not desire so-and-so as my husband," there is no declaration of refusal that is greater than that. Rabbi Yehuda says, even if she went to take away a certain purchase from a shopkeeper, and she said in front of him, "I do not desire so-and-so as my husband," there is no declaration of refusal that is greater than that. Rabbi Yehuda said even more than that: Even if guests are reclining [at her wedding feast], and she said in front of them, "I do not desire so-and-so as my husband," there is no declaration of refusal greater than that. [As to] a minor girl who became betrothed on her own and got married of her own during the lifetime of her father, her betrothal is not a [valid] betrothal, and her marriage is not a [valid] marriage.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:2
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:2)

הממאנת באיש אין לה כתובה נתן לה גט יש לה כתובה ר"א אומר אין מעשה הקטנה כלום אין זכאי לא במציאתה ולא במעשה ידיה [ולא בהפרת] נדריה [אין יורשה ואין מטמא לה ואינה] כאשתו לכל דבר אלא שיוצאה הימנו במיאון ר' יהושע אומר זכאי במציאתה ובמעשה ידיה ובהפרת נדריה ויורשה ומטמא לה [והרי] היא כאשתו לכל דבר [ובלבד שתצא] ממנו במיאון א"ר ישמעאל חזרתי על כל מדת חכמים ולא מצאתי אדם שמדתו שוה בקטנות חוץ מר' אליעזר ורואה אני את דברי ר"א מדברי ר' יהושע שר' אליעזר השוה את [מדתו] ור' יהושע חלק.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
[A minor girl] who performed miyun with a man: She does not have [a right to the payments enumerated in] her marriage contract. [If] he gave her a divorce document, she does have her marriage contract. Rabbi Eliezer says, the actions of a minor are a nullity. [Her husband] has no right to the items she finds, nor to [her earnings derived from] the work of her hands, nor to annul her vows, nor does he inherit her, and [if he is a priest] he may not contract impurity through her [corpse], and she is not like a wife in any respect; rather, she may go out from [her marriage to] him with miyun. Rabbi Yehoshua says, he does have a right to the items she finds, and to [her earnings derived from] the work of her hands, and to annul her vows, and he does inherit her, and [if he is a priest] he may contract impurity through her [corpse], and behold, she is like a wife in every respect except that she goes out from [her marriage to] him with miyun (i.e., instead of with a divorce document). Said Rabbi Yishmael: I went back over all the measures (i.e., the opinions) of all the Sages, and I didn't find any man whose applied a consistent measure to a minor girl except for Rabbi Eliezer, and I prefer his words to the words of Rabbi Yehoshua, for Rabbi Eliezer is consistent with his measures, and Rabbi Yishmael is inconsistent.*


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:3
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:3)

הממאנת באיש והחזירה אליו ומת או חולצת או מתיבמת גרשה והחזירה לו או חולצת או מתיבמת ר"א אומר חולצת ולא מתיבמת מפני שנאסרה עליו שעה אחת מודים חכמים לר"א בקטנה שהשיאה אביה וגרשה והחזירה [עליו] ומת שחולצת ולא מתיבמת [הואיל ונאסרה] עליו שעה מפני שגירושיה גירושין גמורים ואין חזרתה חזרה גמורה בד"א בזמן שגרשה קטנה והחזירה קטנה אבל גרשה קטנה והחזירה גדולה או גרשה קטנה והחזירה קטנה וגדלה תחתיו ומת או חולצת או מתיבמת ר"א [אומר] חולצת ולא מתיבמת מפני שנאסרה עליו שעה אחת.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
[A minor girl] who performed miyun with a man and returned to him and he died: She is subject to either chalitzah or yibbum. [If] he divorced her (i.e., while she was still a minor) and she returned to him, she is subject to either chalitzah or yibbum. Rabbi Eliezer says, she is subject to chalitzah but not yibbum because she was forbidden to him for a period of time. The Sages agree with Rabbi Eliezer with regards to a minor whose father married her off, and he divorced her, and she returned to him and he died, that she is subject to chalitzah but not yibbum, since she was forbidden to her for a period of time, because her divorce [is considered] a full-fledged divorce, and her return is not a full-fledged return.* When do these words apply? Whenever he divorced her as a minor girl, and she returned to him as a minor, but [if] he divorced her as a minor and she returned to him as an adult, or if he divorced her as a minor and she returned to him as a minor and grew up under him (i.e., supported by him), and he died, she is subject to either chalitzah or yibbum. Rabbi Eliezer says, she is subject to chalitzah but not yibbum because she was forbidden to him for a period of time.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:4
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:4)

זה הכלל גט אחר מיאון אסורה לחזור לו מיאון אחר גט מותרת לחזור לו רשב"ג ור' ישמעאל [בר"י] בן ברוקה [ור' יהושע בן קרחה] אומרים בין כך ובין כך הואיל ויצאתה הימנו בגט אסורה לחזור לו מעשה באחת שנשאת יתומה וגרשה והחזירה אליו ומיאנה בו ונשאת לאחר ומת ובאו ושאלו את ר' יהודה בן בבא מהו שתחזור לראשון ואמר להן בין כך ובין כך הואיל ויצאתה הימנו בגט אסורה לחזור לו.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
This is the general rule: A divorce document after miyun, it is forbidden to return to him. Miyun after a divorce document, it is permitted to return to him. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel and Rabbi Yishmael b'Rabbi Yochanan ben Berokah and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Karcha say: Either this way or that way, since she went out from [her marriage to] him with a divorce document, it is forbidden to return to him. It once happened that there was a certain [minor girl] who got married as an orphan, and she got divorced, and she returned to him, and [then] performed miyun with him, and got married to another man, and he died, and they came and asked Rabbi Yehuda ben Bava, what is her status? May she return to her first husband? And he said to them, either this way or that way, since she went out from [her marriage to] him with a divorce document, she is forbidden to return to him.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:5
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:5)

רשב"ג אומר אם מיאנה מיאנה אם לאו תמתין עד שתגדיל ותחלוץ ותצא הלזו משום אחות אשה שני אחין נשואין ב' יתומות קטנה וחרשת מת בעלה של קטנה חרשת יוצאה בגט וקטנה תמתין עד שתגדיל ותחלוץ מת בעלה של חרשת קטנה יוצאה בגט וחרשת אסורה לעולם ואם בא עליה יוצאה בגט והותרה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says, if she performs miyun, her miyun is valid. If not, she waits until she reaches adulthood and performs chalitzah, and this one goes out on account of [the prohibition against marrying] "his wife's sister." § Two brothers who married two orphans -- a minor girl and a deaf-mute. [If] the husband of the minor girl dies, the deaf-mute goes out with a divorce document, and the minor girl waits until she reaches adulthood and performs chalitzah. [If] the husband of the deaf-mute dies, the minor girl goes out with a divorce document, and the deaf-mute is forbidden forever [to remarry], but if one does come upon her, she goes out with a divorce document and she is released [to marry another man].


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:6
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:6)

מי שהיה נשוי ב' יתומות קטנות ומת בא יבם על הראשונה וחזר בא על השניה נאסרו שתיהן עליו וכן שתי חרשות קטנה וחרשת בא יבם על הקטנה וחזר ובא על [חרשת] או שבא אחיו על [חרשת] נאסרו שתיהן עליו חרשת יוצאה בגט וקטנה יוצאה בגט וחליצה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
One who was married to two minor orphan girls and died, [and] a yavam came upon the first one, and returned and came upon the second one: Both of them are forbidden to him. And so too with two female deaf-mutes. A minor girl and a female deaf-mute: [If] the yavam came upon the minor, and returned and came upon the deaf-mute, or his brother came upon the deaf-mute, both of them are forbidden to him. The deaf-mute goes out with a divorce document and the minor goes out with a divorce document and chalitzah.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:7
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:7)

פקחת וחרשת בא יבם על פקחת וחזר ובא על חרשת או שבא אחיו על חרשת נאסרו שתיהן עליו חרשת יוצאה בגט פקחת יוצאה בגט וחליצה גדולה וקטנה בא יבם על הגדולה וחזר ובא על הקטנה או שבא אחיו על הקטנה נאסרו שתיהן עליו קטנה יוצאה בגט גדולה יוצאה בגט וחליצה ר' אליעזר אומר בכולן מלמדין את הקטנה שתמאן בו.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
[One who was married to] a mentally sound [woman] and to a deaf-mute [and died], [and] a yavam came upon the mentally sound one, and returned and came upon the deaf-mute, or his brother came upon the deaf-mute: They are both forbidden to him (i.e., the yavam). The deaf-mute goes out with a divorce document [and] the one who is mentally sound goes out with a divorce document and chalitzah. [One who was married to] an adult woman and a minor girl [and died], [and] a yavam came upon the adult woman and returned and came upon the minor girl, or his brother came upon the minor girl: They are both forbidden to him. The minor girl goes out with a divorce document, [and] the adult woman goes out with a divorce document and chalitzah. Rabbi Eliezer says, in all of these cases, they instruct the minor girl to make a declaration of refusal against him (Yevamot 13:7).


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:8
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:8)

יבמה שאמרה בתוך שלשים יום לא נבעלתי בין שאמר בעלתי בין שאמר לא בעלתי כופין אותו שיחלוץ לה אחר שלשים יום מבקשים הימנו שיחלוץ לה היא אומרת נבעלתי והוא אומר לא בעלתי ה"ז יוצאה בגט הוא אומר בעלתי והיא אומרת לא נבעלתי אע"פ שחזר ואמר לא בעלתי ה"ז יוצאה בגט ר' יהודה אומר נדרה שלא תתיבם אפילו בחיי בעלה מבקשים הימנו שיחלוץ לה.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
A yevama who within 30 days [after yibbum] said, "He has not had intercourse with me,"* whether [the yavam] said, "I did have intercourse [with her]," or whether he said, "I did not have intercourse [with her]," they force him to give her chalitzah. [If she made that statement] after thirty days, they request from him that he perform chalitzah on her. [If] she says, "He has had intercourse with me," and he says, "I did not have intercourse [with her]," behold, this one goes out with a divorce document. [If] he says, "I had intercourse [with her]," and she says, "He did not have intercourse with me," even if he returned and said, "I did not have intercourse [with her]," behold, this one goes out with a divorce document. Rabbi Yehuda says, [if] she vowed that she would never have yibbum performed on her, even [if she made the vow] during the lifetime of her husband, they request from him that he perform chalitzah on her.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:9
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:9)

כיצד מוציא ברמיזה רמז ונתן לה גיטה פקחת לפקח ולו אח פקח פקחת לחרש ולו אח פקח או חולץ או מיבם פקחת לפקח ולו אח חרש כונס ואינו מוציא לעולם פקחת לחרש ולו אח חרש חרשת לפקח ולו אח פקח חרשת לפקח ולו אח חרש חרשת לחרש ולו אח פקח חרשת לחרש ולו אח חרש כונס אם רצה להוציא יוציא אם רצה לקיים יקיים.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
How does [a deaf mute] take her out [from the marriage] with gestures (Yevamot 14:1)? He gestures and gives her divorce document to her. A mentally sound woman [who is married] to a mentally sound man, and he has a mentally sound brother; [or] a mentally sound woman [who is married] to a deaf-mute, and he has a mentally sound brother: [The brother] may perform either chalitzah or yibbum. A mentally sound woman [who is married] to a mentally sound man, and he has a deaf-mute brother: [The brother] must marry her and he may never divorce her. A mentally sound woman [who is married] to a deaf-mute, and he has a deaf-mute brother; a female deaf-mute [who is married] to a mentally sound man, and he has a mentally sound brother; a female deaf mute [who is married] to a mentally sound man, and he has a deaf-mute brother; a female deaf-mute [who is married] to a deaf-mute and he has a mentally sound brother; [or] a female deaf-mute [who is married] to a deaf-mute and he has a deaf-mute brother: [The brother] must marry her, [and] if he wants to take her out [from the marriage], he takes her out, and if he wants to remain with her, he remains with her.


###### Tosefta Yevamot 13:10
[Tosefta Yevamot 13:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Tosefta%20Yevamot/r/13:10)

שני אחים חרשים נשואין שתי אחיות פקחות או שתי אחיות חרשות או ב' אחיות אחת פקחת ואחת חרשת וכן ב' אחיות חרשות נשואות לשני אחין פקחין או לשני אחין חרשין או לשני אחין אחד פקח וא' חרש וכן ב' אחין אחד פקח וא' חרש נשואין שתי אחיות אחת פקחת וא' חרשת פקחת לפקח וחרשת לחרש אין כאן לא חליצה ולא יבום אלא אשתו עמו [הלזו] תצא משום אחות אשה אם היו נכריות יכנסו אם רצה להוציאה יוציא ואם רצה לקיים יקיים.

**Sefaria Community Translation:**
Two deaf-mute brothers who married two mentally sound sisters, or two deaf-mute sisters, or two sisters, one mentally sound and one deaf-mute; and so too two deaf-mute sisters who got married to two mentally sound brothers, or to two deaf-mute brothers, or to two brothers, one mentally sound and one deaf-mute; and so too two brothers, one mentally sound and one deaf-mute, who married two sisters, one mentally sound and one deaf-mute, the mentally sound [sister] to the mentally sound [brother], and the deaf-mute [sister] to the deaf-mute [brother]: Neither chalitzah nor yibbum applies here; rather, his wife (i.e., the deceased brother's wife) remains with him. The other one goes out on account of [the prohibition against marrying] "a woman and her sister." [If] they were unrelated, he must marry her, [and] if he wants to take her out [from the marriage], he takes her out, and if he wants to remain with her, he remains with her.