## Yevamot Daf 16a

###### Yevamot 16a:1
[Yevamot 16a:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:1)

בְּנֵי צָרוֹת אֲנִי מֵעִיד לָכֶם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
whereas with regard to the **children of rival wives, I testify to you** that they are not disqualified, since, as stated, their descendants served as High Priests.


###### Yevamot 16a:2
[Yevamot 16a:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:2)

תָּא שְׁמַע: בִּימֵי רַבִּי דּוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס הוּתְּרָה צָרַת הַבַּת לָאַחִין. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ עָשׂוּ: שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ The Gemara states: **Come** and **hear** another source that indicates Beit Shammai did act upon their opinions: **In the time of Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas, the rival wife of a daughter was permitted to the brothers. Conclude from this** that Beit Shammai **did act** in accordance with their opinions. The Gemara summarizes these proofs: Indeed, **conclude from** these sources that Beit Shammai did put their rulings into practice.


###### Yevamot 16a:3
[Yevamot 16a:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:3)

גּוּפָא. בִּימֵי רַבִּי דּוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס הִתִּירוּ צָרַת הַבַּת לָאַחִין, וְהָיָה הַדָּבָר קָשֶׁה לַחֲכָמִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁחָכָם גָּדוֹל הָיָה, וְעֵינָיו קָמוּ מִלָּבֹא לְבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ Since the last source is only part of a larger incident, the Gemara cites **the** matter **itself. In the time of Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas** the Sages **permitted the rival wife of a daughter to the brothers.** In other words, it became known that Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas deemed permitted a daughter’s rival wife. **And this matter was difficult** in the eyes of **the Rabbis because he was a great Sage** and his decision in favor of Beit Shammai carried great weight. They could not approach him immediately, as he was very old **and his eyes had dimmed** so much that he was incapable **of coming to the study hall.**


###### Yevamot 16a:4
[Yevamot 16a:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:4)

אָמְרוּ: וּמִי יֵלֵךְ וְיוֹדִיעוֹ? אָמַר לָהֶן רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ: אֲנִי אֵלֵךְ. וְאַחֲרָיו מִי — רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה. וְאַחֲרָיו מִי — רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. הָלְכוּ וְעָמְדוּ עַל פֶּתַח בֵּיתוֹ. נִכְנְסָה שִׁפְחָתוֹ, אָמְרָה לוֹ: רַבִּי, חַכְמֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בָּאִין אֶצְלְךָ, אָמַר לָהּ: יִכָּנְסוּ, וְנִכְנְסוּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
They **said: And who will go and notify him** that this matter requires clarification? **Rabbi Yehoshua said to them: I will go.** They asked: **And who** shall go **after him?** They selected **Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya,** who was one of the great Sages of the generation, notwithstanding his youth. They further inquired: **And who after him? Rabbi Akiva. They went and stood at the entrance of** Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas’s **house. His maidservant entered** and **said to him: Rabbi, the Sages of Israel have come to you. He said to her: Let them enter, and they entered.**


###### Yevamot 16a:5
[Yevamot 16a:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:5)

תְּפָסוֹ לְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, וְהוֹשִׁיבָהוּ עַל מִטָּה שֶׁל זָהָב. אָמַר לוֹ: רַבִּי, אֱמוֹר לְתַלְמִידְךָ אַחֵר וְיֵשֵׁב. אָמַר לוֹ: מִי הוּא? רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה. אָמַר: וְיֵשׁ לוֹ בֵּן לַעֲזַרְיָה חֲבֵירֵנוּ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas **grabbed Rabbi Yehoshua,** with whom he was already acquainted, **and sat him on a bed of gold,** as Rabbi Dosa was extremely wealthy. Rabbi Yehoshua **said to him: Rabbi, call your other disciple** so **that he may sit.** He asked him to call the other Sage as well, as it is a mark of respect when speaking to a great scholar to call every other Sage his disciple. **He said to him: Who is it?** Rabbi Yehoshua replied: **Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya.** Rabbi Dosa **said: And does our colleague Azarya have a son?** Due to his old age and prolonged absence from the study hall he had not heard of him.


###### Yevamot 16a:6
[Yevamot 16a:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:6)

קָרָא עָלָיו הַמִּקְרָא הַזֶּה: ״נַעַר הָיִיתִי גַּם זָקַנְתִּי וְלֹא רָאִיתִי צַדִּיק נֶעֱזָב וְזַרְעוֹ מְבַקֶּשׁ לָחֶם״. תְּפָסוֹ וְהוֹשִׁיבוֹ עַל מִטָּה שֶׁל זָהָב. אָמַר לוֹ: רַבִּי, אֱמוֹר לְתַלְמִידְךָ אַחֵר וְיֵשֵׁב. אָמַר לוֹ: וּמִי הוּא? עֲקִיבָא בֶּן יוֹסֵף. אָמַר לוֹ: אַתָּה הוּא עֲקִיבָא בֶּן יוֹסֵף שֶׁשִּׁמְךָ הוֹלֵךְ מִסּוֹף הָעוֹלָם וְעַד סוֹפוֹ?! שֵׁב בְּנִי, שֵׁב, כְּמוֹתְךָ יִרְבּוּ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas **recited this verse about** Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya: **“I have been young, and now am old; yet I have not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread”** (Psalms 37:25). He interpreted this verse to mean that the son of a Torah scholar also becomes a Torah scholar. **He grabbed him and sat him on a bed of gold.** Rabbi Yehoshua **said to him: Rabbi, call your other disciple** so **that he may sit. He said to him: Who is that?** He said to him: **Akiva ben Yosef.** Rabbi Dosa **said to him: You are Akiva ben Yosef, whose name has spread from one end of the world to the other?** Even Rabbi Dosa had heard of Rabbi Akiva’s reputation as a great man. **Sit, my son, sit. May the likes of you multiply in Israel.**


###### Yevamot 16a:7
[Yevamot 16a:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:7)

הִתְחִילוּ מְסַבְּבִים אוֹתוֹ בַּהֲלָכוֹת, עַד שֶׁהִגִּיעוּ לְצָרַת הַבַּת. אֲמַרוּ לוֹ: צָרַת הַבַּת מַהוּ? אָמַר לָהֶן: מַחְלוֹקֶת בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל. הֲלָכָה כְּדִבְרֵי מִי? אָמַר לָהֶן: הֲלָכָה כְּבֵית הִלֵּל. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: וַהֲלֹא מִשִּׁמְךָ אָמְרוּ הֲלָכָה כְּבֵית שַׁמַּאי!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Out of courtesy, they did not wish to broach the subject immediately. Rather, **they began to encircle him with** deliberations on different ***halakhot*, until they came to** the case of the **rival wife of a daughter. They said to him: What is** the *halakha* with regard to the **rival wife of a daughter? He said** that it is a matter of **dispute between Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel.** They asked him: **According to whose statement is the *halakha*? He said to them: The *halakha* is in accordance with** the opinion of **Beit Hillel. They said to him: But didn’t they say in your name that the *halakha* is in accordance with** the opinion of **Beit Shammai?**


###### Yevamot 16a:8
[Yevamot 16a:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:8)

אָמַר לָהֶם: דּוֹסָא שְׁמַעְתֶּם, אוֹ בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס שְׁמַעְתֶּם? אֲמַרוּ לוֹ: חַיֵּי רַבִּי, סְתָם שָׁמַעְנוּ. אָמַר לָהֶם: אָח קָטָן יֵשׁ לִי, בְּכוֹר שָׂטָן הוּא, וְיוֹנָתָן שְׁמוֹ, וְהוּא מִתַּלְמִידֵי שַׁמַּאי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**He said to them: Did you hear** that **Dosa** ben Harkinas issued this ruling, **or did you hear** that it was stated by **ben Harkinas? They said to him: On your life, Rabbi, we heard simply** ben Harkinas. **He said to them:** If so, it is no wonder, as **I have a younger brother who is the firstborn of the Satan,** i.e., he is extremely sharp and as brazen as a demon. **And his name is Yonatan, and he is among the disciples of Shammai.** It is he who issued this ruling.


###### Yevamot 16a:9
[Yevamot 16a:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:9)

וְהִזָּהֲרוּ שֶׁלֹּא יְקַפֵּחַ אֶתְכֶם בַּהֲלָכוֹת, לְפִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ עִמּוֹ שְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת תְּשׁוּבוֹת בְּצָרַת הַבַּת שֶׁהִיא מוּתֶּרֶת. אֲבָל מֵעִיד אֲנִי עָלַי שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ, שֶׁעַל מְדוֹכָה זוֹ יָשַׁב חַגַּי הַנָּבִיא, וְאָמַר שְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים: צָרַת הַבַּת אֲסוּרָה,

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas added: **And beware that he not batter you with *halakhot*** in this matter, **as he has with him three hundred proofs with regard to** the **rival wife of a daughter that she is permitted. However,** you need not worry about the issue itself, as **I call as witnesses before me the heavens and the earth that on this** very **mortar,** which was preserved in my house due to its historical importance, **Haggai the prophet sat, and** I have a tradition that **he said three matters** of *halakha*: First, that the **rival wife of a daughter is forbidden.**


###### Yevamot 16a:10
[Yevamot 16a:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:10)

עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב מְעַשְּׂרִין מַעְשַׂר עָנִי בַּשְּׁבִיעִית, וּמְקַבְּלִים גֵּרִים מִן הַקַּרְדּוֹיִין וּמִן הַתַּרְמוֹדִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Second, that the halakhic rulings for the territories of **Ammon and Moab** in Transjordan, although similar to those of Eretz Yisrael, are not exactly the same, as their residents **tithe the poor man’s tithe in the Sabbatical Year.** The total abandonment of fields in the seventh year does not apply in Ammon and Moab, as they are not part of Eretz Yisrael. Instead, in those areas one must bring the poor man’s tithe to the paupers of Eretz Yisrael, as there are no tithes in Eretz Yisrael in the Sabbatical Year. Lastly, Haggai testified: **And one accepts converts from the Karduyin and the Tarmodim,** without concern that there might be Jews mingled among them, which could render them *mamzerim* and prohibited from entering the community.


###### Yevamot 16a:11
[Yevamot 16a:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:11)

תַּנָּא: כְּשֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ — נִכְנְסוּ בְּפֶתַח אֶחָד, כְּשֶׁיָּצְאוּ — יָצְאוּ בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה פְּתָחִים. פָּגַע בּוֹ בְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, אַקְשִׁי לֵיהּ וְאוֹקְמֵיהּ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Sage **taught: When they entered, they** all **entered through one entrance. When they left, they left through three entrances,** in an effort to try to find Rabbi Dosa’s brother. **Rabbi Akiva encountered him.** Yonatan ben Harkinas **raised against him** all of his **objections** to the opinion of Beit Hillel, **and he withstood him,** i.e., Rabbi Akiva was able to respond to all of them.


###### Yevamot 16a:12
[Yevamot 16a:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:12)

אָמַר לוֹ: אַתָּה הוּא עֲקִיבָא שֶׁשִּׁמְךָ הוֹלֵךְ מִסּוֹף הָעוֹלָם וְעַד סוֹפוֹ? אַשְׁרֶיךָ שֶׁזָּכִיתָ לְשֵׁם, וַעֲדַיִין לֹא הִגַּעְתָּ לְרוֹעֵי בָקָר. אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: וַאֲפִילּוּ לְרוֹעֵי צֹאן.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Yonatan ben Harkinas grew angry and **said to him: You are Akiva ben Yosef, whose name has spread from one end of the world to the other? Be happy that you have merited a** great **name, and** yet **you have not yet reached** the level **of cattle herders.** Cattle herders were generally simple individuals who were not familiar even with ordinary matters, and certainly not with *halakha*. **Rabbi Akiva said to him** with characteristic modesty: **And** I have not **even** reached the level **of shepherds,** who are considered even worse than cattle herders, as they are unfit for giving testimony.


###### Yevamot 16a:13
[Yevamot 16a:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:13)

עַמּוֹן וּמוֹאָב מְעַשְּׂרִין מַעְשַׂר עָנִי בַּשְּׁבִיעִית. דְּאָמַר מָר: הַרְבֵּה כְּרַכִּים כָּבְשׁוּ עוֹלֵי מִצְרַיִם וְלֹא כָּבְשׁוּ עוֹלֵי בָבֶל, וּקְדוּשָּׁה רִאשׁוֹנָה — קִדְּשָׁה לִשְׁעָתָהּ, וְלֹא קִדְּשָׁה לֶעָתִיד לָבֹא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ Since the *halakhot* of the prophet Haggai were mentioned, the Gemara discusses them here. Haggai said that **Ammon and Moab tithe the poor man’s tithe in the Sabbatical Year, as the Master said: Many cities were conquered by those who returned from Egypt, and were not conquered by those who returned from Babylonia** after the destruction of the First Temple. **And the initial consecration** of Eretz Yisrael, by those who returned from Egypt, **sanctified it for its time and did not sanctify it forever,** as the future sanctification of Eretz Yisrael depended on the renewed conquest of the land by the Jewish people.


###### Yevamot 16a:14
[Yevamot 16a:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:14)

וְהִנִּיחוּם, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּסְמְכוּ עֲלֵיהֶן עֲנִיִּים בַּשְּׁבִיעִית.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And** those who returned from Babylonia **left those** places aside and did not consider them part of Eretz Yisrael even after Jewish settlement was renewed there. They would plow and harvest in these places in the Sabbatical Year and tithe the poor man’s tithe **so that the poor** of Eretz Yisrael who did not have sufficient income from the previous years **could rely upon them.** Consequently, **in the Sabbatical Year** the poor received help from this tithe.


###### Yevamot 16a:15
[Yevamot 16a:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:15)

וּמְקַבְּלִים גֵּרִים מִן הַקַּרְדּוֹיִים וְהַתַּרְמוֹדִים. אִינִי?! וְהָא תָּנֵי רָמֵי בַּר יְחֶזְקֵאל: אֵין מְקַבְּלִים גֵּרִים מִן הַקַּרְדּוֹיִים! אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: קַרְתּוֹיִים אִתְּמַר. כִּדְאָמְרִי אִינָשֵׁי: קַרְתּוֹיִים פְּסוּלִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ Haggai also declared: **And one accepts converts from the Karduyim and the Tarmodim.** The Gemara asks: **Is that so? But didn’t Rami bar Yeḥezkel teach** in a *baraita*: **One does not accept converts from the Karduyim? Rav Ashi said: Kartuyim,** not Karduyim, **was stated** by Rami bar Yeḥezkel. **As people say** in common discourse: **The Kartuyim are unfit.**


###### Yevamot 16a:16
[Yevamot 16a:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:16)

וְאִיכָּא דְּאָמְרִי, תָּנֵי רָמֵי בַּר יְחֶזְקֵאל: אֵין מְקַבְּלִים גֵּרִים מִן הַקַּרְתּוֹיִים. מַאי לָאו: הַיְינוּ קַרְתּוֹיִים הַיְינוּ קַרְדּוֹיִים! אָמַר רַב אָשֵׁי: לָא, קַרְתּוֹיֵי לְחוֹד וְקַרְדּוֹיֵי לְחוֹד, כִּדְאָמְרִי אִינָשֵׁי: קַרְתּוֹיֵי פְּסִילִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And there are** those **who say** a slightly different version of this discussion. **Rami bar Yeḥezkel taught: One does not accept converts from the Kartuyim. What, is it not** the case that **Kartuyim is** the same as **Karduyim?** If so there is a contradiction between the *baraita* of Rami bar Yeḥezkel and the statement of Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas. **Rav Ashi said: No; the Kartuyim are** one **discrete** category **and the Karduyim are** another **discrete** category, **as people say: Kartuyim are unfit.**


###### Yevamot 16a:17
[Yevamot 16a:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:17)

רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְסָבַיָּא דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: אֵין מְקַבְּלִים גֵּרִים מִן הַתַּרְמוֹדִים. וּמִי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן הָכִי? וְהָתְנַן: כׇּל הַכְּתָמִים הַבָּאִים מִן הָרְקָם — טְהוֹרִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rabbi Yoḥanan and the Elders both say: One does not accept converts from the Tarmodim.** The Gemara asks: **And did Rabbi Yoḥanan** actually **say this,** that one does not accept converts from the Tarmodim due to a concern that Jews may have intermingled with them? **But didn’t we learn** in a mishna: **All** clothing with **stains** of blood that might be from a menstruating woman and **that come from the** city on the border of Eretz Yisrael called **Rekem are ritually pure,** as it can be assumed that they belong to gentiles, and the blood of a menstruating gentile woman is not ritually impure.


###### Yevamot 16a:18
[Yevamot 16a:18](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yevamot/r/16a:18)

וְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַמֵּא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם גֵּרִים וְטוֹעִים. מִבֵּין הַגּוֹיִם — טְהוֹרִים. וְהָוֵינַן בַּהּ:

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**And Rabbi Yehuda deems** it **ritually impure because those** residents of that place **are converts and are in error.** In other words, some of the inhabitants of Rekem assimilated and no longer observe the *halakhot* of the Torah, and therefore one must be wary lest the stains are in fact from a Jewish menstruating woman. Stains that came **from among the gentiles,** however, **are ritually pure. And we discussed** the following problem: