## Yoma Daf 81b

###### Yoma 81b:1
[Yoma 81b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:1)

הוּא גּוּפֵיהּ שַׁבָּת אִיקְּרִי, דִּכְתִיב: ״תִּשְׁבְּתוּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶם״. בִּשְׁלָמָא רַב פָּפָּא לָא אָמַר כְּרַב אַחָא בַּר יַעֲקֹב — דִּקְרָא דִּכְתִיב בְּגוּפֵיהּ עֲדִיף. אֶלָּא רַב אַחָא בַּר יַעֲקֹב, מַאי טַעְמָא לָא אָמַר כְּרַב פָּפָּא?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Yom Kippur **itself is called “Shabbat,” as it is written:** “From evening until evening, **you shall rest on your Shabbat”** (Leviticus 23:32). The Gemara compares the various opinions. **Granted, Rav Pappa did not say as Rav Aḥa bar Ya’akov** did because **a verse that is written about the matter itself is preferable** to a verbal analogy. **But what is the reason** that **Rav Aḥa bar Ya’akov did not state** his opinion **in accordance with the opinion of Rav Pappa?**


###### Yoma 81b:2
[Yoma 81b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:2)

מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְתַנְיָא: ״וְעִנִּיתֶם אֶת נַפְשׁוֹתֵיכֶם בְּתִשְׁעָה לַחוֹדֶשׁ״. יָכוֹל יַתְחִיל וְיִתְעַנֶּה בְּתִשְׁעָה — תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״בָּעֶרֶב״. אִי בָּעֶרֶב — יָכוֹל מִשֶּׁתֶּחְשַׁךְ? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״בְּתִשְׁעָה״. הָא כֵּיצַד? מַתְחִיל וּמִתְעַנֶּה מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, מִכָּאן שֶׁמּוֹסִיפִין מֵחוֹל עַל הַקּוֹדֶשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **He requires this** verse of “keep your Shabbat” **for that which was taught** in a *baraita*: The verse states: **“And you shall afflict your souls on the ninth day of the month** at evening, from evening until evening, you shall rest on your Shabbat” (Leviticus 23:32). One **might** have thought that **one should start to afflict oneself on the ninth** of Tishrei; therefore, **the verse states “at evening.” If** the Torah had stated only **“at evening,”** one **might** have thought that the fast starts only **when darkness falls;** therefore, **the verse states “on the ninth,”** implying that one begins to fast on the ninth of Tishrei. **How** can these verses be reconciled? **One begins to fast while it is still daytime; from here** it is derived **that one** sanctifies and **extends from** the **non-sacred** weekday **to** the **sacred** day of Yom Kippur.


###### Yoma 81b:3
[Yoma 81b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:3)

וְאֵין לִי אֶלָּא בִּכְנִיסָתוֹ, בִּיצִיאָתוֹ מִנַּיִן — תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״מֵעֶרֶב עַד עֶרֶב״. וְאֵין לִי אֶלָּא יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, (יָמִים טוֹבִים) מִנַּיִין — תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״תִּשְׁבְּתוּ״. אֵין לִי אֶלָּא (יָמִים טוֹבִים, שַׁבָּתוֹת) מִנַּיִן — תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״שַׁבַּתְּכֶם״. הָא כֵּיצַד? כׇּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר שְׁבוּת, (מִכָּאן שֶׁ)מוֹסִיפִין מֵחוֹל עַל הַקּוֹדֶשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**I have** derived **only** that one must add time **at the beginning** of Yom Kippur. **From where** do I derive that one adds time **at the conclusion of** Yom Kippur? **The verse states: “From evening until evening”** (Leviticus 23:32), implying that one adds at the end as well, just as he does at the beginning. **And I** have derived **only** the mitzva of adding to **Yom Kippur; from where** is it derived that one must also sanctify and append time before and after **Festivals? The verse states: “You shall rest”** (Leviticus 23:32), to teach that this rule applies even to Festivals, on which one is commanded to rest. **I have** derived **only** that one adds an extension to **Festivals; from where** do I derive that one must also sanctify and append to ***Shabbatot*? The verse states: “Your Shabbat”** (Leviticus 23:32). **How so? Every place the term: Rest [*shevut*] is stated,** it teaches **from here that one** sanctifies and **appends from** the **non-sacred** weekday **to** the **sacred.**


###### Yoma 81b:4
[Yoma 81b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:4)

וְתַנָּא דְּ״עֶצֶם״ ״עֶצֶם״, הַאי ״בְּתִשְׁעָה לַחוֹדֶשׁ״ מַאי עָבֵיד לֵיהּ? מִיבְּעֵי לֵיהּ לְכִדְתָנֵי חִיָּיא בַּר רַב מִדִּיפְתִּי. דְּתָנֵי חִיָּיא בַּר רַב מִדִּיפְתִּי: ״וְעִנִּיתֶם אֶת נַפְשׁוֹתֵיכֶם בְּתִשְׁעָה״, וְכִי בְּתִשְׁעָה מִתְעַנִּין? וַהֲלֹא בֶּעָשׂוֹר מִתְעַנִּין! אֶלָּא לוֹמַר לְךָ: כָּל הָאוֹכֵל וְשׁוֹתֶה בִּתְשִׁיעִי, מַעֲלֶה עָלָיו הַכָּתוּב כְּאִילּוּ הִתְעַנָּה תְּשִׁיעִי וַעֲשִׂירִי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara asks: **And the *tanna*** who learns a verbal analogy from the words “that **same** day,” “that **same** day,” **what does he do with** the phrase: **“On the ninth day of the month”?** The Gemara answers: **He requires it, in accordance with** that **which Ḥiyya bar Rav of Difti taught. As Ḥiyya bar Rav of Difti taught:** It states: **“And you shall afflict your souls on the ninth** day of the month” (Leviticus 23:32). **But does one afflict oneself on the ninth** of Tishrei? **Doesn’t one** in fact **afflict oneself on the tenth** of Tishrei? **Rather,** the verse comes **to tell you: Anyone who eats and drinks on the ninth** of Tishrei and then fasts on the tenth, **the verse ascribes him** credit **as though he fasted on** both the **ninth and the tenth.** The verse alludes to this when it states that the fast is on the ninth.


###### Yoma 81b:5
[Yoma 81b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:5)

אָכַל אוֹכָלִין שֶׁאֵין רְאוּיִן לַאֲכִילָה. אָמַר רָבָא: כַּס פִּלְפְּלֵי בְּיוֹמָא דְכִפּוּרֵי — פָּטוּר. כַּס זַנְגְּבִילָא בְּיוֹמָא דְכִפּוּרֵי — פָּטוּר.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ It was taught in the mishna: If one **ate food that is** not **fit for eating,** he is exempt. **Rava said:** If **one chews** raw **pepper on Yom Kippur, he is exempt,** since this is not considered eating. Similarly, if **one chews ginger [*zangvila*] on Yom Kippur, he is exempt.**


###### Yoma 81b:6
[Yoma 81b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:6)

מֵיתִיבִי, הָיָה רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: מִמַּשְׁמַע שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַעֲרַלְתֶּם עׇרְלָתוֹ אֶת פִּרְיוֹ״, אֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁעֵץ מַאֲכָל הוּא! אֶלָּא מָה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר ״עֵץ מַאֲכָל״? עֵץ שֶׁטַּעַם עֵצוֹ וּפִרְיוֹ שָׁוֶה, הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר זֶה פִּלְפְּלִין, לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁהַפִּלְפְּלִין חַיָּיבִין בְּעׇרְלָה. וְאֵין אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל חֲסֵרָה כְּלוּם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״לֹא תֶחְסַר כֹּל בָּהּ״!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara **raises an objection** to this. **Rabbi Meir would say** about the verse: “And when you shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then you shall count the fruit of it as forbidden [*orla*]; three years it shall be forbidden to you, it shall not be eaten” (Leviticus 19:23). **From the implication of what is stated: “Then you shall count the fruit of it as forbidden,” do I not know that** the verse is referring to **“trees for food,”** since it uses the word “fruit”? **Rather, what** is the meaning when **the verse states “trees for food”?** It includes **a tree whose wood and fruit taste the same,** i.e., a tree that is itself eaten in addition to its fruit. One **must say** that **this** is referring to **pepper** that grows on a tree, **to teach you that** even **pepper is subject to** the *halakha* **of *orla*. And** this also teaches that **Eretz Yisrael lacks nothing,** as even pepper can grow there, **as it is stated** among the listed praises of Eretz Yisrael: **“You will not lack anything in it”** (Deuteronomy 8:9). In any event, it has been derived that pepper is called food, which contradicts Rava’s statement.


###### Yoma 81b:7
[Yoma 81b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:7)

לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא — בְּרַטִּיבְתָּא, וְהָא — בְּיַבִּישְׁתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara answers: **This** is **not difficult. This** statement about edible pepper is referring **to** fresh pepper, which is **moist; and that** *halakha* pertaining to Yom Kippur is referring to **dry** pepper, which is not considered food.


###### Yoma 81b:8
[Yoma 81b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:8)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבִינָא לְמָרִימָר: וְהָאָמַר רַב נַחְמָן, הַאי הִימְלְתָא דְּאָתֵי מִבֵּי הִנְדּוּאֵי — שַׁרְיָא, וּמְבָרְכִינַן עֲלֵיהּ: ״בּוֹרֵא פְּרִי הָאֲדָמָה״. לָא קַשְׁיָא: הָא בְּרַטִּיבְתָּא, וְהָא בְּיַבִּישְׁתָּא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Ravina said to Mareimar: But didn’t Rav Naḥman say** that **it is permitted** to eat **this cooked ginger [*himalta*] that comes from India,** and there is no concern that gentiles may have cooked it. **And we recite the blessing: Who creates the fruit of the ground, over it.** Apparently, ginger is edible. The Gemara answers: **This** is **not difficult: This** statement is referring **to wet** ginger, which is considered food; **and that** earlier statement pertaining to Yom Kippur, which maintained that ginger is not food, is referring **to dry** ginger.


###### Yoma 81b:9
[Yoma 81b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:9)

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אָכַל עֲלֵי קָנִים — פָּטוּר. לוּלְבֵי גְפָנִים — חַיָּיב. אֵלּוּ הֵן לוּלְבֵי גְפָנִים? אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק מִגְדְּלָאָה: כׇּל שֶׁלִּבְלְבוּ מֵרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וְעַד יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים. וְרַב כָּהֲנָא אָמַר: כׇּל שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם. תַּנְיָא כְּווֹתֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי יִצְחָק מִגְדְּלָאָה: אָכַל עֲלֵי קָנִים — פָּטוּר, וְלוּלְבֵי גְפָנִים — חַיָּיב. אֵלּוּ הֵן לוּלְבֵי גְפָנִים — כׇּל שֶׁלִּבְלְבוּ מֵרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וְעַד יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**The Sages taught** in a *baraita*: If **one ate leaves of reeds** on Yom Kippur, **he is exempt,** but if one ate **grapevine shoots he is liable.** The Gemara clarifies: **What are these grapevine shoots? Rabbi Yitzḥak from** the city of **Migdal said: All** shoots **that sprouted between Rosh HaShana and Yom Kippur** and are still very soft are considered food. **And Rav Kahana said:** All shoots that sprouted up to **thirty days** before Yom Kippur are considered food. The Gemara comments: **It was taught** in a *baraita* **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Yitzḥak from Migdal:** If **one ate leaves of reeds he is exempt, but** if one ate **grapevine shoots he is liable. What are these grapevine shoots?** They are **all those that sprouted between Rosh HaShana and Yom Kippur.**


###### Yoma 81b:10
[Yoma 81b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:10)

שָׁתָה צִיר אוֹ מוּרְיָיס — פָּטוּר. הָא חוֹמֶץ — חַיָּיב. מַתְנִיתִין מַנִּי? רַבִּי הִיא. דְּתַנְיָא: רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: חוֹמֶץ מֵשִׁיב אֶת הַנֶּפֶשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
It was taught in the mishna that if on Yom Kippur one **drank fish brine or** the briny **liquid** in which fish are pickled, **he is exempt.** The Gemara comments: From the language of the mishna it may be inferred that **if one drank vinegar, he is liable. Who is** the *tanna* of **the mishna? It is Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, **as it was taught** in a *baraita* that **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **says: Vinegar revives the spirit** and is therefore considered a beverage.


###### Yoma 81b:11
[Yoma 81b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Yoma/r/81b:11)

דָּרֵשׁ רַב גִּידֵּל בַּר מְנַשֶּׁה מִבֵּירֵי דְנַרֶשׁ: אֵין הֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי. לְשָׁנָה נָפְקִי כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא מָזְגוּ וְשָׁתוּ חַלָּא. שְׁמַע רַב גִּידֵּל וְאִיקְּפַד. אֲמַר: אֵימַר דַּאֲמַרִי אֲנָא — דִּיעֲבַד, לְכַתְּחִלָּה מִי אֲמַרִי? אֵימַר דַּאֲמַרִי אֲנָא — פּוּרְתָּא, טוּבָא מִי אֲמַרִי? אֵימַר דַּאֲמַרִי אֲנָא — חַי, מָזוּג מִי אֲמַרִי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara relates: **Rav Giddel bar Menashe from** the town of **Birei DeNeresh taught** in a public lecture that the ***halakha* is not in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, and vinegar is not considered a beverage. **The** next **year everyone went out and mixed** vinegar with water **and drank vinegar** on Yom Kippur. **Rav Giddel heard** this **and became angry** with them for their actions. **He said: Say that I said** one is not liable for drinking vinegar **only after the fact;** however, **did I say** it is permitted to drink it ***ab initio*?** Furthermore: **Say that I said** my statement with regard to one who drinks **a little,** but **did I say** it is permitted to drink **a lot?** Furthermore: **Say that I said** my statement in reference to **pure** vinegar, which is very strong, **but did I say** anything about **diluted** vinegar? That is certainly prohibited.