## Zevachim Daf 20b

###### Zevachim 20b:1
[Zevachim 20b:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:1)

בִּשְׁלָמָא לְאַבָּיֵי דְּמוֹקֵים לַהּ כְּרַבִּי, וּמוֹדֵי רַבִּי דְּמִקְּרוֹת הַגֶּבֶר עַד צַפְרָא לָא פָּסְלָה לִינָה – הָא מַנִּי, רַבִּי הִיא.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Assuming that these priests had all been serving in the Temple through the night, one can ask: **Granted, according to Abaye, who interprets** the statement of Rabbi Yoḥanan **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, **and Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi **concedes that** during the period **from the rooster’s crow** before dawn **until morning,** being **left overnight does not disqualify** sanctification, in accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** mishna? **It is** in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, who holds that although they served through the night, the previous day’s sanctification was disqualified and they must sanctify their hands and feet again in the morning, but they may do so before dawn.


###### Zevachim 20b:2
[Zevachim 20b:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:2)

אֶלָּא לְרָבָא דְּמוֹקֵים לַהּ כְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, אֲבָל לְרַבִּי מִקְּרוֹת הַגֶּבֶר עַד צַפְרָא פָּסְלָה לִינָה; הָא מַנִּי? אִי רַבִּי – פָּסְלָה לִינָה! אִי רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן – הָא אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ מִיכָּן וְעַד עֲשָׂרָה יָמִים אֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְקַדֵּשׁ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**But according to Rava, who interprets** the statement **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Shimon, but** who holds that **according to Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, during the period **from the rooster’s crow until morning** being **left overnight disqualifies** sanctification, in accordance with **whose** opinion **is this** mishna? **If** it is in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi** Yehuda HaNasi, then the priests’ sanctification described therein is useless, since being **left overnight disqualifies** it at dawn. And **if** it is in accordance with the opinion of **Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Shimon, doesn’t he say** that **even** if the priest continues to perform rites **for the next ten days, he does not need to sanctify** his hands and feet again? If so, since the priests were serving throughout the night, they should not require sanctification.


###### Zevachim 20b:3
[Zevachim 20b:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:3)

לְעוֹלָם כְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, וְהָכָא בְּמַאי עָסְקִינַן – בְּכָהֲנֵי חַדְתֵי.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **Actually,** the mishna is **in accordance with** the opinion of **Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Shimon, and here we are dealing with new priests,** who did not serve in the Temple that night. Since they are beginning their service now, they must sanctify their hands and feet.


###### Zevachim 20b:4
[Zevachim 20b:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:4)

אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: יְצִיאָה מַהוּ שֶׁתּוֹעִיל בְּקִידּוּשׁ יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם? אִם תִּימְצֵי לוֹמַר לִינָה לָא פָּסְלָה – דְּלָא פָּרֵישׁ, אֲבָל יְצִיאָה דְּפָרֵישׁ – אַסּוֹחֵי מַסַּח דַּעְתֵּיהּ; אוֹ דִלְמָא, כֵּיוָן דִּבְיָדוֹ לַחֲזוֹר – לָא מַסַּח?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: **What is** the *halakha* with regard to **leaving** the Temple? Is it **effective to** disqualify **sanctification of** the **hands and feet** such that the priest must sanctify them again when he reenters the Temple? The Gemara elaborates: **If you say** that being **left overnight does not disqualify** it, perhaps that is only **because he does not separate** from the Temple; **but** when **leaving** the Temple, **where** the priest **separates** from the Temple, it is possible that the priest **becomes distracted** from the service. If so, he must sanctify his hands and feet again. **Or perhaps, since it is in his power to return** to the Temple at any point, **he does not become distracted,** in which case he does not need to sanctify them again.


###### Zevachim 20b:5
[Zevachim 20b:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:5)

תָּא שְׁמַע: קִידֵּשׁ יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו וְנִטְמְאוּ – מַטְבִּילָן וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְקַדֵּשׁ. יָצְאוּ – הֲרֵי הֵן בִּקְדוּשָּׁתָן!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** a proof from a *baraita*: If a priest **sanctified his hands and feet and** his hands then **became impure, he may immerse them** to purify them, **and he does not need to sanctify** them again. If he sanctified his hands and **they** then **left** the Temple, **they retain their sanctity.** Apparently, leaving the Temple does not disqualify sanctification.


###### Zevachim 20b:6
[Zevachim 20b:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:6)

יָצְאוּ יָדָיו לָא קָמִיבַּעְיָא לַן, כִּי קָמִיבַּעְיָא לַן – יָצָא כׇּל גּוּפוֹ. מַאי?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **We do not raise the dilemma** with regard to a case where only **his hands left** the Temple. In such a case, he certainly does not need to sanctify them again. **When we raise the dilemma,** it is with regard to a case where **his entire body left** the Temple; **what** is the *halakha* in such a case?


###### Zevachim 20b:7
[Zevachim 20b:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:7)

תָּא שְׁמַע: שֶׁלֹּא רָחוּץ יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם – מְקַדֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בִּפְנִים. קִידֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בַּחוּץ אוֹ בִּכְלֵי חוֹל בִּפְנִים אוֹ שֶׁטָּבַל בְּמֵי מְעָרָה, וְעָבַד – עֲבוֹדָתוֹ פְּסוּלָה. טַעְמָא דְּקִידֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בַּחוּץ, הָא קִידֵּשׁ בִּפְנִים וְיָצָא – עֲבוֹדָתוֹ כְּשֵׁירָה!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** another proof from a *baraita*: **One whose hands and feet are not washed** must **sanctify** them **with a service vessel inside** the Temple. If he **sanctified** them **with a service vessel outside** the Temple, **or with a non-sacred vessel inside, or** if **he immersed in cave water and performed** the **service, his service is disqualified.** The Gemara infers: **The reason** his service is disqualified is **that he sanctified** his hands and feet **with a service vessel outside, but** if he **sanctified** them **inside and** then **left, his service is valid.**


###### Zevachim 20b:8
[Zevachim 20b:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:8)

דִּלְמָא ״קִידֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בַּחוּץ״ הֵיכִי דָּמֵי – כְּגוֹן דְּאַפֵּיק יָדָיו לְבַר וְקִידֵּשׁ; הָא קִידֵּשׁ בִּפְנִים וְיָצָא, דְּאַפֵּיק יְדֵיהּ לְבַר – כְּשֵׁירָה. אֲבָל יָצָא כׇּל גּוּפוֹ תִּיבְּעֵי לָךְ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **Perhaps** one can say: **What are the circumstances** of the case where one **sanctified** them **with a service vessel outside?** It is a case **where he removed** only **his hands** and placed them **outside** the Temple **and sanctified** them there. **Consequently,** one can infer only that if **he sanctified** them **inside and** then **left,** i.e., specifically **where he removed** only **his hand** and placed it **outside,** his service is **valid. But** with regard to a case where **his entire body left** the Temple, **you should raise the dilemma.**


###### Zevachim 20b:9
[Zevachim 20b:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:9)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב זְבִיד לְרַב פָּפָּא, תָּא שְׁמַע: יָצָא חוּץ לִמְחִיצַת חוֹמַת הָעֲזָרָה – אִם לִשְׁהוֹת, טָעוּן טְבִילָה; אִם לְפִי שָׁעָה, טָעוּן קִידּוּשׁ יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Zevid said to Rav Pappa: Come** and **hear** a proof from another *baraita*: In a case where a priest **left the boundary of the wall of the Temple courtyard, if** he left long enough **to remain** there for a time, **he requires immersion. If** he left only **for a moment, he requires sanctification of** the **hands and feet.** Apparently, one who leaves even for a brief time requires sanctification.


###### Zevachim 20b:10
[Zevachim 20b:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:10)

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָכָא בְּמַאי עָסְקִינַן – כְּגוֹן שֶׁיָּצָא לְהָסֵךְ רַגְלָיו וּלְהַטִּיל מַיִם.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
Rav Pappa **said to him: Here we are dealing with** a case **where** the priest **left** the Temple **to cover his legs,** a euphemism for defecating, **or to urinate.** It is only for this reason that he must sanctify his hands and feet when reentering the Temple.


###### Zevachim 20b:11
[Zevachim 20b:11](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:11)

הָא בְּהֶדְיָא קָתָנֵי לַהּ: כָּל הַמֵּיסֵךְ רַגְלָיו טָעוּן טְבִילָה, וְכׇל הַמֵּטִיל מַיִם טָעוּן קִידּוּשׁ יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם! תָּנֵי וַהֲדַר מְפָרֵשׁ.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara challenges: **But** the mishna (*Yoma* 28a) already **teaches it explicitly: Anyone who covers his legs requires immersion** afterward; **and anyone who urinates requires sanctification of** the **hands and feet** with water from the Basin afterward. The Gemara responds: The redundancy is not difficult. The *tanna* **teaches** the principle **and then explains** it again.


###### Zevachim 20b:12
[Zevachim 20b:12](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:12)

תָּא שְׁמַע: פָּרָה – רַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר יוֹסֵף אָמַר: מְקַדֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בִּפְנִים, וְיוֹצֵא. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ בַּחוּץ, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּכְלִי חוֹל, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּמְקִידָּה שֶׁל חֶרֶס!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** a proof from the following dispute: With regard to the priest who performs the service of the red **heifer,** which takes place outside the Temple, **Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Yosef says:** In preparation, he must **sanctify** his hands and feet **with a service vessel inside** the Temple, as he must before any other service, **and** afterward he **leaves** the Temple to perform the service. **And Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** He may sanctify his hands **even outside** of the Temple, **and even with a non-sacred vessel, and even with an earthenware bowl [*bimkeida*].** Apparently, leaving the Temple does not disqualify sanctification of the hands and feet.


###### Zevachim 20b:13
[Zevachim 20b:13](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:13)

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: שָׁאנֵי פָּרָה – הוֹאִיל וְכׇל מַעֲשֶׂיהָ בַּחוּץ, לָא פָּסְלָה בָּהּ יְצִיאָה. אִי הָכִי, לְמָה לִי דִּמְקַדֵּשׁ? כְּעֵין עֲבוֹדָה פְּנִים.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
**Rav Pappa said:** The rite of the red **heifer is different, since all of its acts are** performed **outside** the Temple, unlike other rites. Therefore, **leaving** the Temple **does not disqualify** sanctification of the hands and feet **with regard to it.** The Gemara asks: **If so, why do I** require **that** the priest **sanctify** his hands and feet at all for the service of the red heifer? The Gemara responds: The service of the red heifer must be **similar to** the **service** of offerings performed **inside** the Temple.


###### Zevachim 20b:14
[Zevachim 20b:14](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:14)

אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: טוּמְאָה, מַהוּ שֶׁתּוֹעִיל לְקִידּוּשׁ יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם? אִם תִּימְצֵי לוֹמַר יְצִיאָה לָא פָּסְלָה – דְּגַבְרָא חֲזֵי, אֲבָל הָכָא דְּגַבְרָא לָא חֲזֵי – אַסּוֹחֵי מַסַּח דַּעְתֵּיהּ; אוֹ דִלְמָא, כֵּיוָן דַּהֲדַר חֲזֵי – [דָּק לֵיהּ] וְלָא מַסַּח דַּעְתֵּיהּ?

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
§ **A dilemma was raised before** the Sages: **What is** the *halakha* with regard to a priest who contracts **ritual impurity** during the service? Is this **effective to** disqualify the **sanctification of** his **hands and feet** such that he must sanctify them again when he becomes pure? **If you say** that **leaving** the Temple **does not disqualify** sanctification, perhaps this is **because the person** remains **fit** to serve; **but here, where the person is unfit** for service, perhaps **he becomes distracted. Or perhaps, since he** will become **fit again** when he becomes pure, **he takes care not to become distracted.**


###### Zevachim 20b:15
[Zevachim 20b:15](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:15)

תָּא שְׁמַע: קִידֵּשׁ יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו וְנִטְמְאוּ – מַטְבִּילָן, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְקַדֵּשׁ!

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** a proof from a *baraita*: If a priest **sanctified his hands and feet and they became impure, he** may **immerse them, and he does not need to sanctify** them again.


###### Zevachim 20b:16
[Zevachim 20b:16](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:16)

נִטְמְאוּ יָדָיו לָא מִיבַּעְיָא לַן, [כִּי מִיבַּעְיָא לַן] נִטְמָא כׇּל גּוּפוֹ. כׇּל גּוּפוֹ?! תִּיפּוֹק לִי: כֵּיוָן דְּבָעֵי לְמֶעְבַּד הֶעֱרֵב שֶׁמֶשׁ, אַסּוֹחֵי מַסַּח דַּעְתֵּיהּ! כְּגוֹן דְּאִיטַּמִּי סָמוּךְ לִשְׁקִיעַת הַחַמָּה.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara responds: **We do not raise the dilemma** with regard to a case where only **his hands became impure. When we raise the dilemma** it is with regard to a case where **his entire body became impure.** The Gemara challenges: But if **his entire body** contracted impurity, **let me derive** that the sanctification is disqualified **since he needs to allow the sun to set** in order to become pure after immersing, and **he** certainly **becomes distracted** in the interim. The Gemara responds: The dilemma concerns a case **where he became impure adjacent to sunset,** so that he does not need to wait long after immersing and will not become distracted.


###### Zevachim 20b:17
[Zevachim 20b:17](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Zevachim/r/20b:17)

תָּא שְׁמַע: פָּרָה – רַבִּי חִיָּיא בְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵף אָמַר: מְקַדֵּשׁ בִּכְלֵי שָׁרֵת בִּפְנִים, וְיוֹצֵא. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ בַּחוּץ, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּכְלִי חוֹל, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּמְקִידָּה שֶׁל חֶרֶס.

**William Davidson Edition - English:**
The Gemara suggests: **Come** and **hear** a proof from the following dispute: With regard to the priest who performs the rite of the red **heifer, Rabbi Ḥiyya, son of Rabbi Yosef, says:** He must **sanctify** his hands and feet **with a service vessel inside** the Temple, **and** afterward he **leaves** the Temple to perform the service. **And Rabbi Yoḥanan says:** He may sanctify his hands **even outside** of the Temple, **and even with a non-sacred vessel, and even with an earthenware bowl.**