## Sifrei Devarim Paragraph 103

###### Sifrei Devarim 103:1
[Sifrei Devarim 103:1](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:1)

(דברים יד יא) **כָּל צִפּוֹר טְהוֹרָה תֹּאכֵלוּ**, מִכְּלָל שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יד ד) ״וְצִוָּה הַכֹּהֵן וְלָקַח לַמִּטַּהֵר שְׁתֵּי צִפֳּרִים חַיּוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת״, יָכוֹל כְּשֵׁם שֶׁשְּׁחוּטָה אֲסוּרָה כָּךְ מְשֻׁלַּחַת אֲסוּרָה? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״כָּל צִפּוֹר טְהוֹרָה תֹּאכֵלוּ״.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
**Pisqa’ 103**²³³
1. **“Any *clean* bird you may eat” (Dt. 14:12)].**
**Inferring from what is stated**
**[regarding purification from scale-disease]:**
**“At the priest’s command,**
**the one being cleansed shall take two live, *clean* birds” (Lv. 14:4)—**
**is it possible to say that**
**just as the slaughtered one,**
**[being a sacrifice,]**
**is prohibited [as food],**
**so, too, the one set free**
**[as part of the cleansing rite (Lv. 14:7)]**
**should be prohibited [as food]?**
**The Teaching states:**
**“Any clean bird you *may eat*” (Dt. 14:12)**

footnotes:
²³³ H:148-149; JN1:262-264.


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:2
[Sifrei Devarim 103:2](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:2)

אוֹ כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמְּשֻׁלַּחַת מֻתֶּרֶת כָּךְ שְׁחוּטָה תְּהֵא מֻתֶּרֶת? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״וְזֶה אֲשֶׁר לֹא תֹאכְלוּ מֵהֶם״ (דברים יד יב).

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
**[thus the bird set free may be eaten].**
**Or [perhaps the inference should be derived as follows]:**
**Just as the one set free is permitted [as food],**
**so, too, the slaughtered one should be permitted [as food]?**
**The Teaching states:**
**“’And these are the ones**
**from which you shall not eat” (Dt. 14:12)**
**[including the one slaughtered for purification].**²³⁴ 103.1-2 seems to be a major reworking of Sifra, *metzor`a*, par. 1:12.
2. **“The eagle (*nesher*), the vulture (*peres*), and the black vulture (*`ozniyah*),**

footnotes:
²³⁴ Pisqa’


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:3
[Sifrei Devarim 103:3](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:3)

**הַנֶּשֶׁר וְהַפֶּרֶס וְהָעָזְנִיָּה**, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר: נֶאֱמַר כָּאן נֶשֶׁר וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (ויקרא יא יג) נֶשֶׁר. מַה נֶּשֶׁר הָאָמוּר לְהַלָּן, עָשָׂה כָּל הָאֲמוּרִים עִם הַנֶּשֶׁר בְּבַל תַּאֲכִיל וּבְבַל תֹּאכַל, אַף נֶשֶׁר הָאָמוּר כָּאן, נַעֲשָׂה כָּל הָאֲמוּרִים עִם הַנֶּשֶׁר בְּבַל תַּאֲכִיל וּבְבַל תֹּאכַל.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
**the buzzard (*ra’ah*), the falcon (*‘ayah*), and the kite,” (*dayah*),**
**and any kind of raven” (*`oreiv*; Dt. 14:12-14).**
**R. Akiva says:**
**Here the verse specifies: “eagle” (Dt. 14:12),**
**and elsewhere it specifies: “eagle” (Lv. 11:13).**
**Just as with the *eagle* specified elsewhere,**
**the verse incorporates [into the same class of birds]**
**every kind mentioned with the eagle,**
**[and subjects all of them to the rules:]**
***do not feed them to others*, and**
***do not eat them yourself,***
**so, too, the *eagle* specified here**
**incorporates every kind mentioned with the eagle**
**[into the class of birds governed by the rules:]**
***do not feed them to others*, and**
***do not eat them yourself.***


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:4
[Sifrei Devarim 103:4](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:4)

רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: נֶאֱמַר כָּאן (דברים יד יג) ״אַיָּה״ וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (ויקרא יא יד) ״אַיָּה״, מָה אַיָּה הָאָמוּר כָּאן, עָשָׂה אֶת הָרָאָה מִין אַיָּה – אַף אַיָּה הָאֲמוּרָה לְהַלָּן, נַעֲשָׂה אֶת הָרָאָה מִין אַיָּה.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
**R. Shimon says:**
**Here the verse specifies: “falcon” (Dt. 14:13),**
**and elsewhere it specifies “falcon” (Lv. 11:14)—**
**just as the *falcon* specified here**
**incorporates the *buzzard* into the class of *falcon*,**
**so, too, the *falcon* specified elsewhere**
**incorporates the *buzzard* into the class of *falcon***
**[such that both kinds of bird are unclean].**


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:5
[Sifrei Devarim 103:5](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:5)

(דברים יד יד) **עֹרֵב** – זֶה עוֹרֵב הַגָּדוֹל, וְ**אֵת כָּל עֹרֵב** – לְהָבִיא אֶת הָעוֹרֵב הָעֲמָקִי וְעוֹרֵב הַבָּא בְּרֹאשׁ יוֹנִים, **לְמִינוֹ** – לְהָבִיא אֶת הַזַּרְזִיר.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
3. **“*Raven*” (Dt. 14:14)—**
**this refers to the giant raven.**
**“*And any kind* of raven” (Dt. 14:15)—**
**including the valley raven and**
**the raven that flies before the doves.**²³⁵, per.5:4.
“Any *kind*” (Dt. 14:15)—
including the starling.

footnotes:
²³⁵ //Sifra, shemini


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:6
[Sifrei Devarim 103:6](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:6)

[הַנֵּץ – זֶה הַנֵּץ,] כְּשֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר ״לְמִינֵהוּ״ – לְהָבִיא אֶת בֶּן הוֹרִיָּה.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
{“The hawk” (Dt. 14:15)—
This is the common hawk}²³⁶ per.5:4..
Thus, when the verse specifies,
“*Any* kind” (Dt. 14:15)—
it intends to include the *ben horayah*.²³⁷ per.5:5, Hammer identifies this as “another species of hawk” (H:443, *pisqa’* 103, n.7).

footnotes:
²³⁶ F:162, b, 9 adds the bracketed material on the basis of Sifra, shemini
²³⁷ There are many versions of this name in mss and printed editions. See F:162, l.11. Based on Sifra, shemini,


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:7
[Sifrei Devarim 103:7](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:7)

(דברים יד טו-יז) ״וְאֵת בַּת הַיַּעֲנָה וְגוֹ׳ וְאֶת הַכּוֹס וְגוֹ׳ וְהַקָּאָת וְאֶת הָרָחָם וְאֶת הַשָּׁלָךְ״, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁעוֹף טָהוֹר מְרֻבֶּה מֵעוֹף טָמֵא. בְּכָל מָקוֹם הַכָּתוּב פּוֹרֵט אֶת הַמּוּעָט.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
4. “The ostrich . . . the little owl . . .the pelican, the carrion vulture, and the cormorant” (Dt. 14:15-17)—
**this teaches that**
**[the species of] *clean* birds**
**out-number [those of] *unclean* birds,**
**for, in all cases,**
**Scripture enumerates the smaller**
**[category before enumerating the larger].**²³⁸ 100.1

footnotes:
²³⁸ Cf. Pisqa’


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:8
[Sifrei Devarim 103:8](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:8)

(חולין פ״ג מ״ו) סִימָנֵי בְּהֵמָה וְחַיָּה נֶאֶמְרוּ מִן הַתּוֹרָה, סִימָנֵי הָעוֹף לֹא נֶאֶמְרוּ. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים: כָּל עוֹף דּוֹרֵס טָמֵא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״נֶשֶׁר״ – מַה נֶּשֶׁר מְפֹרָשׁ, אֵין לוֹ זֶפֶק וְאֵין לוֹ אֶצְבַּע יְתֵרָה וְאֵין קֻרְקְבָנוֹ נִקְלָף וְדוֹרֵס וְאוֹכֵל – טָמֵא, כָּךְ כָּל שֶׁכַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ – אָסוּר; שֶׁאֵין כַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ – מֻתָּר.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
**The signs of cattle and wild cattle are stated in the Torah,**
**while the signs of [clean] birds are not stated.**
**The sages have taught:**
**every bird of prey is unclean,**
**as it is stated:**
**“The *eagle*” (Dt. 14:12)—**
**just as the eagle clearly has neither**
**crop nor extra toe,**
**its craw cannot be peeled.**
**and it tramples while eating [its prey],**
**and is [therefore] unclean,**
**so, too, anything similar is prohibited,**
**while anything dis-similar is permitted.**²³⁹

footnotes:
²³⁹ //M. Hul..3:6


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:9
[Sifrei Devarim 103:9](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:9)

(דברים יד כ) **כָּל עוֹף טָהוֹר תֹּאכֵלוּ** – מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
5. “Every clean *flying thing* you may eat” (Dt. 14:20)—
this is a prescriptive commandment.


###### Sifrei Devarim 103:10
[Sifrei Devarim 103:10](https://torahapp.org/share/book/Sifrei%20Devarim/r/103:10)

(דברים יד יט) ״וְכֹל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף טָמֵא הוּא לָכֶם״ – מִצְוַת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: **כָּל עוֹף טָהוֹר תֹּאכֵלוּ** – אֵלּוּ חֲגָבִים טְהוֹרִים, ״וְכֹל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף טָמֵא הוּא לָכֶם לֹא יֵאָכֵלוּ״ – אֵלּוּ חֲגָבִים טְמֵאִים.

**Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015:**
“But every *flying swarming* thing is unclean for you. Do not eat it!” (Dt. 14:19)—
this is a proscriptive commandment.
R. Shimon says:
“Every *clean* flying thing you may eat” (Dt. 14:20)—
referring to *clean* locusts.
“But every *flying swarming* thing is unclean for you. Do not eat it!” (Dt. 14:19)—
referring to *unclean* locusts.