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Aramaic Targum to Song of Songs Chapter 4

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וּבְהַהוּא יוֹמָא קָרֵיב מַלְכָּא שְׁלֹמֹה אֶלֶף עֲלָוָן עַל מַדְבְּחָא וְאִתְקַבַּל בְּרַעֲוָא קוּרְבָּנֵיהּ קֳדָם יְיָ נְפַקַת בְּרָת קָלָא מִן שְׁמַיָּא וְכֵן אֲמַרַת כַּמָּה יָאֲיָא אַנְתְּ כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְכַמָּה יָאֲיָן אִנּוּן רַבְרְבֵי כְּנִשְׁתָּא וְחַכִּימַיָּא יָתְבֵי סַנְהֶדְּרִין דְּאִנּוּן מְנָהֲרִין לְעָלְמָא לְעַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וְדָמְיָן לְגוֹזָלִין בְּנֵי יוֹנָתָא וַאֲפִילוּ שְׁאָר בְּנֵי כְּנִשְׁתָּךְ וְעַמָּא דְּאַרְעָא אִנּוּן צַדִּיקִין כִּבְנוֹי דְּיַעֲקֹב דִּלְקַטוּ אַבְנִין וַעֲבַדוּ גַּלְשׁוֹשִׁיתָא בְּטוּרָא דְּגִלְעָד:

English Translation by Jay Treat

On that day King Solomon sacrificed a thousand burnt offerings on the altar and his offering was accepted with favor by YY. An echo came forth from heaven and this is what it said, “How beautiful you are, O Assembly of Israel, and how beautiful are those leaders of the Assembly and the sages sitting in the Sanhedrin, they who enlighten for ever and ever the people of the House of Israel (who resemble turtledoves, the nestlings of a dove); and even the rest of the members of your Assembly and the people of the land are righteous as the sons of Jacob who gathered stones and made a monument on Mount Gilead. 12

כַּמָּה יָאֲיָן כָּהֲנַיָּא וְלֵיוָאֵי דִּמְקָרְבִין יָת קוּרְבָּנַיִךְ וְאָכְלִין בְּסַר קוּדְשָׁא וּמַעְשְׂרָא וְאַפְרָשׁוּתָא וְדָכְיָן מִכָּל אוּנְסָא וְגָזֵילָא הֵיכְמָא דַּהֲווֹ דָּכְיָן עֶדְרֵי עָנָא דְּיַעֲקֹב בְּעִדָּן דַּהֲווֹ גְּזִיזִין וְסָלְקָן מִן נַחְלָא דְּיוּבְקָא דְּלָא הֲוָת בְּהוֹן אֲנִיסוּתָא וְגָזֵילָא וְכוּלְּהוֹן דָּמְיָן דָּא לְדָא וְיָלְדָן תְּיוֹמִין בְּכָל עִדָּן וְעַקְרָא וּמַתְכְּלָא לָא הֲוָת בְּהוֹן:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“How beautiful are the Priests and Levites who bring your offerings and eat the holy meat, the tithe, and the heave-offering, and are untainted by any theft or robbery, just as the flocks of Jacob’s sheep were clean at the time they were shorn and came up from the Jabbok river. For none of them was obtained by theft or robbery. All of them resembled one another, they bore twins every time, and none of them was barren or miscarried.”

וְשִׂפְתוֹי דְּכָהֲנָא רַבָּא הֲווֹ בַּעְיָן צְלוֹתָא בְּיוֹמָא דְּכִפּוּרֵי קֳדָם יְיָ וּמִלּוֹי הֲווֹ מְהַפְּכִין חוֹבֵיהוֹן דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דְּדָמְיָן לְחוּט זְהוֹרִיתָא וּמְחַוְּרָן יָתְהוֹן כְּעַמַּר נְקֵי וּמַלְכָּא דְּהוּא רֵישְׁהוֹן מְלִי פִּקּוֹדַיָּא כְּרִמּוֹנָא בָּר מִן אַמַּרְכְּלַיָּא וְאַרְכּוֹנִין דְּאִנּוּן קָרִיבִין לְמַלְכָּא דְּאִנּוּן צַדִּיקִין וְלֵית בְּהוֹן מִדָּעַם בִּישׁ:

English Translation by Jay Treat

And the lips of the High Priest were uttering prayers before YY on the Day of Atonement, and his words changed the sins of Israel (which resembled a scarlet thread) and made them white as clean wool. 13 And the king who was at their head was full of precepts like the pomegranate, not to mention the overseers and rulers who were near the king, who were righteous and in whom there was nothing evil.

וְרֵישׁ מְתִיבְתָא דְּהוּא רַב דִי לִיךְ חַסִּין בִּזְכוּתָא וְרַב בְּעוּבָדִין טָבִין כְּדָוִד מַלְכָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְעַל מֵימַר פּוּמֵּיהּ הֲוָה מִתְבְּנֵי עָלְמָא וּבְאוּלְפַן אוֹרַיְתָא דַּהֲוָה עָסֵיק רְחִיצִין עַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמְנַצְּחִין בִּקְרָבָא כְּאִלּוּ אָחְדִין בִּידֵיהוֹן כָּל מָנֵי זַיְנִין דְּגִבָּרִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

And the head of the Academy, who was master to you, was as mighty in merit and great in good deeds as David the King of Israel, and on the word of his mouth the world was built. And the people of the House of Israel were confident in the teaching of the Law with which he was occupied, and they were victorious in war as if they were holding in their hands all sorts of heroic weapons.

תְּרֵין פָּרִיקַיִךְ דַּעֲתִידִין לְמִפְרְקִיךְ מָשִׁיחַ בַּר דָּוִד וּמָשִׁיחַ בַּר אֶפְרַיִם דָּמְיָן לְמֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן בְּנֵי יוֹכֶבֶד דְּאִמְּתִילוּ לִתְרֵין אוּרְזֵלִין תְּיוֹמֵי טָבְיָא וַהֲווֹ רָעַן לְעַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּזְכוּתְהוֹן אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין בְּמַדְבְּרָא בְּמַנָּא וּבְעוֹפִין פַּטִּימִין וּמֵי בֵּירָא דְּמִרְיָם:

English Translation by Jay Treat

Your two redeemers who are destined to redeem you, Messiah Son of David and Messiah Son of Ephraim, resemble Moses and Aaron, the sons of Jochebed (who are comparable to two young antelopes, twins of a gazelle). And by their merit they fed the people of the House of Israel for forty years in the wilderness on manna, plump fowl, and the water of Miriam’s well.

וְכָל זְמָן דַּהֲווֹ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל אָחֲדִין בִּידֵיהוֹן אוּמָּנוּת אֲבָהָתְהוֹן צַדִּיקַיָּא הֲווֹ עָרְקִין מַזִּיקֵי וּטְלַנֵי וְצַפְרִירֵי וְטֵיהֲרֵי מִבֵּינֵיהוֹן עַל דַּהֲוָת שְׁכִינַת יְקָרָא דַּיָי שָׁרְיָא בְּבֵית מַקְדְּשָׁא דַּהֲוָה מִתְבְּנֵי בְּטוּר מוֹרִיָּה וְכָל מַזִּיקַיָּא וּמְחַבְּלַיָּא הֲווֹ עָרְקִין מֵרֵיחַ קְטוֹרֶת בּוּסְמִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

And all the time that the House of Israel held fast to the ways of their righteous fathers, the demons and night-demons and morning-demons and midday-demons 14 fled from among them, because the glorious Presence of YY dwelt in the Temple that was built on Mount Moriah, and all the demons and destroyers would flee from the smell of the spice incense.

וּבִזְמָן דְּעַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל עָבְדִין רְעוּתֵיהּ דְּמָרֵי עָלְמָא הוּא מְקַלֵּיס יָתְהוֹן בִּשְׁמֵי מְרוֹמָא וְכֵן אֲמַר כֻּלִּיךְ שַׁפִּירְתָא כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּמַחֲתָא לֵית בִּיךְ:

English Translation by Jay Treat

And at the time that the people, the House of Israel, did the will of the Lord of the World, He would praise them in heaven above, and this is what He said: “You are all beautiful, O Assembly of Israel, and there is no blemish in you!”

אֲמַר יְיָ בְּמֵימְרֵיהּ עִמִּי תְהֵי יָתְבָא כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דְּדָמְיָא לְנִנְפֵּי דְּהִיא צְנִיעָא וְעִמִּי תֵּיעֲלִין לְבֵית מַקְדְּשָׁא וִיהוֹן מְקָרְבִין לִיךְ דּוֹרוֹן רֵישֵׁי עַמָּא דְּיָתְבִין עַל נְהַר אֲמָנָה וְדָיְרֵי דְּיָתְבִין בְּרֵישׁ טוּר תַּלְגָּא וְאוּמַּיָּא דִּבְחֶרְמוֹן מַסְּקִין לִיךְ מִסִּין יָתְבֵי כַרְכִּין תַּקִּיפִין דְּאִנּוּן גִּיבָּרִין כְּאַרְיָוָן תִּקְרוּבְתָּא מִן קִרְוֵי טוּרַיָּא דְּחַסִּינִין מִן נְמֵרִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

YY said by His Word, “The Assembly of Israel (which resembles a chaste bride) will dwell with me, and with Me they will go up to the Temple. And the heads of the people who dwell by the river Amana and who dwell on the peak of Snow Mountain and the nations who are in Hermon will be bringing gifts to you. And those who inhabit strong cities (mighty as lions) will be bringing tribute to you–the offering from cities of the mountains (which are stronger than leopards).

קְבִיעַ עַל לוּחַ לִבִּי רְחִימְתִיךְ אֲחָתִי כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דִּמְתִילָא לְנִנְפֵּי דְּהִיא צְנִיעָא קְבִיעַ עַל לוּחַ לִבִּי חִבַּת זוּטַר רַבָּנַיִךְ דְּהוּא צַדִּיקָא כְּחַד מִן רַבָּנֵי סַנְהֶדְּרִין וּכְחַד מִן מַלְכַיָּא דְּבֵית יְהוּדָה דַּהֲוָת יְהִיבָא כְּלִילָא דְּמַלְכוּתָא עַל צַוְרֵיהּ:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“Your love is fixed upon the tablet of My heart, O My sister, Assembly of Israel (who are comparable to a chaste bride). Fixed upon the tablet of My heart is the love of the least of your rabbis who is righteous like one of the rabbis of the Sanhedrin and like one of the kings of the House of Judah, upon whose neck was placed the crown of kingship.

כַּמָּה שַׁפִּירָן עֲלַי חִבְּתִיךְ אֲחָתִי כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל דִּמְתִילָא לְנִנְפֵּי דְּהִיא צְנִיעָא כַּמָּה טָבָן עֲלַי חִבְּתִיךְ יַתִּיר מִשִּׁבְעִין אוּמַּיָּא וְשׁוּם טָב דְּצַדִּיקַיִךְ נָדִיף מִכָּל בּוּסְמָנִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“How beautiful to Me is your love, My sister, Assembly of Israel (who are comparable to a chaste bride). How good to me is your love, more than that of the seventy nations, and the good name of your righteous ones is more fragrant than all spices.

וּבְעִדָּן דִּמְצַלַּן כָּהֲנַיָּא בַּעֲזַרְתָּא דְּקוּדְשָׁא זָלְחָן סִפְוָתְהוֹן יַעְרַת דּוּבְשָׁא וְלִישָׁנַךְ נִנְפֵּי צְנִיעָא בְּמַלָּלוּתֵךְ שִׁירִין וְתוּשְׁבְּחָן מְתִיקִין כַּחֲלַב וּדְבַשׁ וְרֵיחַ לְבוּשֵׁי כָּהֲנַיִךְ כְּרֵיחַ אוּלְבָּנִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“And when the priests pray in the court of the Sanctuary, their lips drip flowing honey. And your tongue, O chaste bride, with your utterances–their songs and praises are sweet as milk and honey. And the scent of the garments of the priests is like the scent of frankincense.

וּנְשַׁיִךְ דְּמִתְנַסְבָּן לְגוּבְרִין צְנִיעָן כְּנִנְפֵּי צְנִיעָא וּכְגִנְּתָא דְּעֵדֶן דְּלֵית רְשׁוּ לִגְבַר לְמֵיעַל לְגַוַּהּ אֱלָהֵין צַדִּיקַיָּא דְּנַפְשָׁתְהוֹן מִשְׁתַּלְחִין לְגַוַּהּ עַל יַד מַלְאֲכַיָּא וּבְתוּלוֹתַיִךְ טְמִירָן וּגְנִיזָן בְּאַנְפַלְיָן וַחֲתִימָן בְּכֵן כְּמַבּוּעַ דְּמַיִן חַיִּן דְּנָפֵיק מִתְּחוֹת אִילָנָא וּמִתְפָּרַשׁ לְאַרְבָּעָה רֵישֵׁי נַהְרִין וְאִלְמַלֵא דְּהוּא חֲתִים בִּשְׁמָא רַבָּא וְקַדִּישָׁא הֲוָה נָפֵיק וּמַבַּע וְשָׁטֵיף כָּל עָלְמָא:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“And your women who are married to husbands are as chaste as a chaste bride and like the Garden of Eden which no man is permitted to enter except the righteous whose souls are sent into it by the hand of the angels. And your virgins are concealed and hidden in chambers and sealed in this way: like the spring of living water which issued from beneath the Tree, was divided into four river-sources, and, if it had not been sealed by the Great and Holy Name, would have come gushing out and flooded the whole world.

וְעוּלֵימַיִךְ מָלְיָן פִּקּוֹדִין הַכְרִימּוֹנִין וְרָחֲמִין לִנְשֵׁיהוֹן וְיָלְדָן בְּנִין צַדִּיקִין כְּוָתְהוֹן וְרֵיחֵיהוֹן מְתִיל הַכֵי כְּבוּסְמָנִין טָבִין דְּגִנְּתָא דְּעֵדֶן כְּפוֹרִין עִם רַשְׁקִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“And your young men are full of precepts (like pomegranates), and they love their wives and beget children righteous as themselves. And their odor is like the pleasant spices of the Garden of Eden: cypress trees with spikenard plants.

רְשַׁק וּמוֹרִיקָא וּקְנֵי בּוּסְמָא וְקִנָּמוֹן עִם כָּל קֵיסֵי לְבוֹנְתָּא מֵירָא דָּכְיָא וְאַקְסֵיל אִלְוָאָן תָּן אֲלוּאֲוָז עִם כָּל מִינֵי בּוּסְמָנִין:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“Spikenard and saffron, fragrant calamus and cinnamon, with all the woods of frankincense, pure myrrh, eaglewood, with all types of spices.

וּמַיָּא דְּשִׁילוֹחַ מְדַבְּרִין בְּנִיחַ עִם מוֹתַר מַיִן דְּנָגְדִין מִן לְבָנוֹן לְאַשְׁקָאָה יָת אַרְעָא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּגִין דְּאִנּוּן עָסְקִין בְּפִתְגָמֵי אוֹרַיְתָא דִּמְתִילִין לְבֵירָא דְּמַיִן חַיִּן וּבִזְכוּתָא דְּנִסּוּךְ מַיָּא דִּמְנַסְּכִין עַל מַדְבְּחָא בְּבֵית מַקְדְּשָׁא דְּמִתְבְּנֵי בִּירוּשְׁלֵם דְּמִתְקְרִי לְבָנוֹן:

English Translation by Jay Treat

“And the waters of Siloah flow gently with the rest of the waters that proceed from Lebanon to water the land of Israel for the sake of those occupied with the words of the Law (who are likened to a well of living waters), and by the merit of the oblation of water poured on the altar of the Temple that is built in Jerusalem (which is called Lebanon).”

וְעַל סְטַר צִיפּוּנָא הֲוָה פָּתוּרָא וַעֲלוֹהִי תְּרֵי עֲסַר לַחְמִין דְּאַפִּין וְעַל סְטַר דָּרוֹמָא הֲוָת בּוֹצִינָא לְאַנְהָרָא וְעַל מַדְבְּחָא הֲווֹ כָּהֲנַיָּא מַסְּקִין קְטוֹרֶת בּוּסְמִין כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲמַרַת יֵיעוֹל אֱלָהִי רְחִימִי לְבֵית מַקְדְּשָׁא וִיקַבֵּל בְּרַעֲוָא קוּרְבָּנְהוֹן דְּעַמֵּיהּ:

English Translation by Jay Treat

And on the northern side was a table and on it were twelve loaves of show-bread; on the southern side was the candlestick to give light; and on the altar the priests offered the sacrifice and on it sent up the spice incense. The Assembly of Israel said, “Let God, my Beloved, enter the Temple and favorably receive the sacrifices of His people.”

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