המוכר פירות – undefined, and it (i.e., the Mishnah) does not explain whether for eating or for sowing.

אפילו זרע פשתן – for most purchase it for sowing. One can say: “I sold it for eating, and we don’t follow after the majority for money.

רבן שמעון בן גמליאל אומר וכו' – The Gemara (Talmud Bava Batra 93b) establishes all of our Mishnah according to Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel but the Mishnah is deficient and should be read as follows: even if it were flax seed, he is not responsible. But surely, garden seeds which are not eaten, one is responsible for them, the words of Rabbi Shimon ben Gamaliel. For Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel states that garden seeds which are not eaten, one is responsible for them, for it is an errant transaction for certainly he sold them for planting.

המקבל פירות – that he bought grain from his fellow. The purchaser accepts for himself for every Seah a quarter-kab of refuse, for that is the manner of grain in this and not more.

עשר מתליעות – [ten] eaten by worms for every one hundred, which is one out of ten.

קוסמות – bad wine. If the cellar of large wine jugs accepts upon itself ten large jugs, and if the storeroom of pitchers accepts upon itself ten pitchers, and specifically when he stated: “I am selling you this cellar.” And the stiff mass of grist, oil and onions (i.e., a porridge), meaning to say, to place within the cooked dish but if he said: “[I am selling] you a cellar of wine for the stiff mass of grist, oil and onions,” he must give him wine which is all fine for wine of a stiff mass of grist, oil and onions must be fine and enduring and that we have doubts about it other than a little bit. But, if he said, “I am selling you undefined wine,” and no mention of the stiff mass of grist, oil and onions, he gives him intermediate-quality wine that is sold in the store. But if he said: “This cellar I am selling to you,” but he did not mention even if all of it had soured/fermented had arrived.

קנקנים בשרון – in the land of the plains.

מקבל עליו עשר פטסיאות – that are not boiled all the way through and they draw wine and drip it.

אינו חייב – [the seller in his responsibility] for at the time of the sale, it was wine. And specifically, when it became fermented/sour in the utensils of the purchaser, for if it were in the utensils of the seller [when it became fermented], he (i.e., the purchaser) could say to him (i.e., the seller): “ this is your wine and this your vessel,” and the seller is not able to say to him: “why did you leave it (i.e., the wine) in these vessels so long? You are the one who has taken a loss,” for this one could have said to him: but from the beginning, I informed you that it was not my intention to be supported by this wine, other than a little bit [at a time].”

ואם ידוע שיינו מחמיץ – that it is not preserved and the other one says to him that he didn’t need wine, but rather for a stiff mass of grist, oil and onions and to let it stand to take from it only bit by bit.

הרי זה מקח טעות – he should have informed him that his wine does not endure.

מבוסם – it is its manner to endure until Shavuot. But from then onward, the heat spoils it.

וישן – if he sold him wine on the condition that it is old, he gives him from the year before – from the year that past that precedes this one.

בית חתנות לבנו – for it is way of a person to make a house for his son when he gets married to a woman.

בית אלמנות לבתו – when her husband dies and she returns to the house of her father, but during the life of her husband, she is with her husband, for it is not the way for the a groom to live with his father-in-law.

רפת בקר הוא זה – he would need to make it much bigger.

בית קטן – the least of these houses is six [cubits] by eight [cubits]. But a person who sells his friend a place, undefined to make for himself a house, it must be six [cubits] by eight [cubits].

גדול – and if he specified to make for him a large house.

טרקלין – it is made for the seating of princes.

רומו כחצי ארכו וכחצי רחבו – it refers to all of them, meaning for a small house, its height is seven [cubits] and for a large house, nine [cubits] and for a reception room, ten [cubits].

ראיה לדבר היכל – that its length was forty [cubits] and its width twenty [cubits] and its height thirty [cubits], which are one-half its length and width (see First Kings, Chapter 6, verses 2 and 17 for a description of the First Temple and Tractate Middot, Chapter 4, Mishnayot 6-7 for a description of the Second Temple).

הכל כבנין היכל – There is one who say that what is taught in the Mishnah above that its height should be [the sum of] half of its length and half of its width (see also Tractate Eruvin, Chapter 6, Mishnah 6). The proof of the matter is the Sanctuary/Temple. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel taught it as Rabbi Shimon ben Gamaliel states: הכל כבנין היכל/Everything should be in accord with the building of the Sanctuary/Temple. But there is one who says that Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel disputes with the first Tanna/teacher [of the Mishnah] and expresses astonishment in asking: “Should everything be in accordance with the Sanctuary/Temple?” The matter is not dependent upon anything but the custom of the country.

בשעה שבני אדם נכנסים – during the daytime and not to trouble him to get up at night.

זה עושה לו פותחת – so that the owner of the house will not steal from his cistern, and the owner of the house makes another lock on the same door that opens to the well, so that he cannot come to draw water without the knowledge of the owner. And, he will not ever come into the house of the owner of the house other than if the owner of the house is at home, and they established this because of the suspicions of his wife.

מי שיש לו גינה – [and the owner] of the outer [garden] was reconciled to give to [the owner of] the inner garden a path in the middle of his field.

לא יכנס בתוכה – for since he causes great damage when he passes through the middle of his field, we testify that he was not reconciled with him other than for the needs of his garden alone, and that he should not enter for any other usage.

והחיצון זורע – for since that he is in the middle of his (i.e., the other’s) field, we testify that he did not pardon him completely and that he should not be able to sow seeds.

זה וזה אין רשאין לזרעה – because It is from the side; for walking through only he designated it.

מי שהיתה דרך [הרבי'] עוברת בתוך שדהו – the masses always presumed to be able to pass through there.

ושלו לא הגיעו – but the many have two paths, for we hold that a narrow path marking the boundary that the masses presumed [to use], it is forbidden to ruin.

דרך היחיד – a person who sells to his fellow a path within his field needs to give him four cubits.

דרך המלך אין לו שעור – for the king breaches a fence in front of him to make for himself a path.

דרך הקבר – when they carry the dead person to his grave, there is no measure. It is an enactment of the Sages because of the dignity of the deceased, but they are not able to breach a fence like the way of the king, but those who accompany the dead can pass ove seeds and the don’t have to turn to the one side or the other.

בית ארבעה קבים – it is [thirty three cubits and two handbreadths] wide at the length of fifty cubits. And the funeral-halting place where they would make seven halts of the funeral escort on returning from burial for lamentation or consolation, corresponding to the seven mentions of הבל/vanity in at the beginning of the [Biblical] book of Ecclesiastes.

המקבל מחבירו – with contract-labor job that he should dig him a grave.

ארבע אמות – in width and six [cubits] in length.

שלש מכאן ושלש מכאן – to the two sides of the length of the cave, and two opposite the entrance to the cave, and each grave is four cubits long, and its width is six handbreadths at a height of seven cubits, it is found that between each and every grave from the sides is a cubit-and-a-half, and between the two that are opposite them two cubits.

הכל לפי הסלע – if the place is hard, the recipient is not liable to dig other than six cubits length and four cubits width according to the words of the first Tanna/teacher [of the Mishnah], but if the place is soft and crushed earth, the recipient is obligated to dig [a grave] six [cubits] by eight [cubits] according to the words of Rabbi Shimon, but the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher.