המזמין את חבירו. אומר מע"ש – and where he stipulated/make a condition from the eve of the Sabbath (i.e., Friday), it is permitted to separate tithes but if he didn’t stipulate [from the eve of the Sabbath], it is forbidden, for it is taught in the Mishnah [Tractate Shabbat, Chapter 2, Mishnah 7]: “if it is a matter of whether or not it is getting dark, they do tithe what is doubtfully tithed produce,” but if it is definitely dark, they do not. But here we are speaking when his fellow invited him and did not lodge him, for if he did lodge him, it states above in Chapter Four [Mishnah 2]: “He eats with him on the first Shabbat, even though he doesn’t believe him regarding tithing.” Alternatively, there, [it refers to] a young man who married a virgin, and here on the rest of the Sabbaths.

הרי הוא מעשר – but the Great Tithe/Terumah Gedolah (i.e., the 1/50th for the Kohen) he does not have to separate out for those who do not observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical cleanness (i.e., the עם הארץ) are not suspected regarded it [as they do tithe it – for failure to so invokes the death penalty], as we explained in Chapter 1 (see Mishnah 3), but on one out of one-hundred that he separates on the morrow, he says: “Behold this is First Tithe,” and the rest of the tithe which is nine [parts] that he is still liable for in order that there will be ten out of one-hundred, he measures for him the one and afterwards says: “this is the one that I made for [First] Tithe at first, it is made for the heave-offering of the tithe on the nine [parts] that are near it.

מעשר שני – will be to its north or to its south, and will be redeemed with the coinage, and it is found that on the morrow, there is no need to separate tithe, other than the heave-offering of the tithe alone, and he eats and drinks the rest.

מזגו לו את הכוס – [cup of wine] on the Sabbath day.

אומר וכו' – it is not enough for him for what he stipulated from the Eve of the Sabbath (i.e., on Friday), but he needs to once again say on the Sabbath: “When I come to eat and to drink what I shall leave [at the bottom] from the cup [of wine],etc.” In the Jerusalem Talmud, an objection is raised if when he says “from now it will be heave-offering,” for everything is mixed together and it becomes מדומע /mixed with heave-offering/Terumah in proportions sufficient to make the whole prohibited to non-priests (i.e., mixing secular with sacred things), and if when he says, “when I drink it” – it was not heave-offering, but only after that he drank it, and it was found that he was drinking eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts, and it answers that when he says, “from now and when I will drink it, it will be heave-offering,” and it is found that he didn’t drink eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts and also that it was not something mixed with heave-offering in proportions sufficient to make the whole prohibited to non-priests.

בפיו – in the mouth of the cup.

שאינו מאמין לבעל הבית – on the tithes.

וחושך גרוגרת אחת - he is prevented from eating one dried-fig corresponding to that of the heave-offering of the tithe [that the Levite gives to the Kohen] that he set aside, in order that he would not steal from the owner of the house.

לא יחשוך (he should not diminish/withhold) – and purchase one dried-fig and eat for if he didn’t eat, he would be starving himself and he would diminish from his meal and it is found that he would diminish through this the work of the owner of the house for he is not able to perform his labor.

לא יחשוך מפני שהוא תנאי בית דין – that the heave-offering of the tithe will be from the owner of the house and the Second Tithe from the worker, therefore, the owner of the house is obligated to give him the dried-fig that he set aside for tithing the heave-offering of the tithe.

הלוקח יין מבין הכותים – before they (i.e., the Rabbis) decreed regarding their wine, their wine was definitely eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts (i.e., טבל), but here we are speaking about someone who purchases on the Eve of the Sabbath at twilight or who purchases while it is still daytime and forgot to separate [tithes] until twilight, and then it is prohibit to separate [tithes] as it is taught in the Mishnah [Tractate Shabbat, Chapter 2, Mishnah 7]: “If it is a matter of doubt whether or not it is getting dark, they do not tithe that which is certainly not tithed produce,” therefore it is forbidden to establish for it a place for the establishment of a place is considered like setting something aside and that is forbidden at twilight, and because of this it (i.e., our Mishnah) does not teach in the concluding clause “and Second Tithe is redeemed for coins,” for since it is not permitted to establish for it a place to the north or to the south, it is impossible to redeem it, but [only] to designate for it a name, that he said, “that in the future I will separate,” is permitted, for all that much is not decreed at twilight.

שאני עתיד להפריש – here it does not teach, “that I will separate tomorrow,” as it is taught above (see Chapter 7, Mishnah 1) regarding inviting one’s fellow over, for especially, when specifically when he doesn’t make fit for use by separating the priestly gifts other than what he is eating and drinking, they (i.e., the Rabbis) permitted him to separate for the morrow from the left-over of his food and his drink that remains on the rim of the cup, but to make fit for use all of the leather bottle/skin on Shabbat, they (i.e., the Rabbis) did not permit to him. But here he does not designate a name for the heave-offering of the tithe as in the segment dealing with doubtfully tithed produce as above, concerning the case of someone who invites his fellow (see again, Tractate Demai, Chapter 7, Mishnah 1) because regarding doubtfully tithed produce that he tithes, and they are his, he designates them for the heave-offering of the tithe in order to make things legally fit by giving priestly dues for the tithe and to consume it, but here, which is certainly eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts, he must give the [First] Tithe to the Levite and the Levite will designate it for the heave-offering of the tithe.

ועשרה מעשר ראשון ותשעה מעשר שני – not exactly, for after he separated from one-hundred, two LOGS (i.e., 1/50th - the Great Terumah for the Kohen), and there remains ninety-eight, the [First] Tithe will not be other than ten LOGS less one-fifth and Second Tithe [will be] eight LOGS and eight tenths and one fifth of a tenth.

מיחל ושותה (he regards as unconsecrated produce)– he begins and drinks. Another explanation: he pours and drinks. [The word] "מיחל" is like מיהל – the language from (Isaiah 1:22): “[Your silver has turned to dross;] Your wine is cut with water.” But the anonymous Mishnah comes from Rabbi Meir who said that even according to the Torah there is a choice, and that which remains in the bottom of the cup it is as It was separated from the outset. But it is not the Halakha but rather we hold according to the Rabbis who state that there is a choice/subsequent selection (i.e., the legal effect resulting from an actual selection or disposal of things previously undefined as to their purpose), but according to the Torah, there is no choice, and therefore, regarding something that is definitely eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts (i.e., טבל), he should not eat nor drink until he separates [tithes].

והוא בבית המדרש – on the Eve of the Sabbath (i.e., Friday) and he feared that lest he would sanctify the day and would not be able to tithe.

כלכלות – baskets.

מעשרות זו בזו – the tithes that I have to separate from this basket will be placed in its neighbor.

הראשונה מעושרת – [the first – basket- is tithed] and he separates from the second [basket] the tithes of both of them.

של זו בזו ושל זו בזו הראשונה מעושרת – but the second [basket] is not tithed, for immediately when he said, “[the tithes] of this one are in that one,” the first [basket] was made legally fit and became exempted from the tithes, but when he returned and stated, “of this one are in that one,” it is found that he was separating from this one [basket] that already had been exempted through the other one which is liable, and we don’t separate tithes from that which is exempt on that which is required, and he didn’t say anything, and takes from the second [basket] and the tithes for both of them.

מעשרותיהן מעשרות כלכלה בחברתה (their tithes are [designated such that] the tithes of each basket are in the other) – the tithes that are obligatory for these two baskets will be of one basket for the other, for he has designated the tithes of both of them as one and separates [tithes] from one for the other, and from the other for the one, for in each one, left eatables forbidden to be consumed prior to offering the priestly gifts (i.e.,טבל) in order to give tithes of its neighboring [basket]. But he does not separate [tithes] on them from another place, for he has designated a name and established the tithes of each one of them that are in the neighboring basked. Another explanation and this is essential: their tithes he tithes one basket with the other, he has designated by name and he separates [tithes] from whichever one that he wants and this is how we explain this matter of their tithes from either of them that I would want that the tithes will be a basket in his neighboring [basket].

מאה טבל ומאה חולין – that became combined/mixed together.

נוטל מאה ואחד – he takes one hundred [parts] to separate from them First Tithe and Second Tithe according to the law of all eatables that are forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבל, and one [part] he takes from the one-hundred [of] unconsecrated produce for the heave-offering of the tithe (i.e., which the Levite gives to the Kohen) as if they were eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, for the unconsecrated produce becomes like the eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts itself as regards the heave-offering of the tithe alone, but not as regarding to First Tithe and Second Tithe, and it is found that this loses through this mixture one [part] alone, as he is separating [tithes] from the unconsecrated produce. But the טבל/eatables forbidden pending the separation of priestly gifts that we are speaking about here is that they have had the Great Terumah (i.e., the 1/50th that goes to a Kohen) separated from it already, but the [other] tithes nor the heave-offering of the tithe have yet been separated from it.

מאה טבל ומאה מעשר – that the heave-offering of the tithe had not been separated from the [First] Tithe and they became mixed together, he takes one-hundred [parts] of eatables that are forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבל to separate from them the tithes as explained above, and he takes one [part] from the one-hundred [parts] of [First] Tithe which are made like the טבל/eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts itself to make oneself liable for תרומת מעשר/ the heave-offering of the tithe (the 1/10th that the Levite gives to the Kohen) and there remained ninety-nine [parts], he separates from them the heave-offering of the tithe according to the calculations which are ten [parts] minus the tenth of a part. But if the [First] Tithe did not become combined with eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבל, he would not separate any other than ten [parts] for the heave-offering of the tithe that are within it – [but] now that they had become mixed up with the eatables that are forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, he separates eleven [parts] minus a tenth, it is found that he loses one [part] less a tenth.

מאה חולין מתוקנין ומאה מעשר – First [Tithe] from which the heave-offering/תרומה had not been separated out [for the Levite] that had become combined, he takes one-hundred parts for the sake of First Tithe in order to separate from them ten [parts] for the heave-offering of the tithe [that the Levite gives to the Kohen] that is in them and ten [parts] he takes from the one-hundred of unconsecrated produce that is legally fit for use following the separation of priestly dues as if they were First Tithe, for ten [parts] are for the heave-offering of the tithe and it is found that he loses ten [parts]. But, that we are not so stringent when they become combined with eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבל to oblige separating from the eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts ten [parts] for the heave-offering of the tithe like the one-hundred of [First] Tithe, because of this is the law for every thing that becomes mixed that it returns to be like it was at its beginning therefore, the [First] Tithe returns to become like eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts but the טבל /eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts does not return to become like [First] Tithe.

מאה טבל ותשעים מעשר וכו' לא הפסיד כלום – for since there is are in the טבל /eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts ten extra, we judge it as if it has provision from another place. And all eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts that became mixed with unconsecrated produce, if there are other eatables that are forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבלים that he can separate on this mixture from another place, he does not separate other than according to the calculation of the eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts alone. But here, when the טבל/eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts is greater by ten on [the First Tithe] we calculate as if they are from another place and one separates from them according to the calculation of eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts/טבל alone, and he doesn’t lose anything.

כל זמן שהטבל מרובה – and it will be greater by ten, and this is brought in the Jerusalem Talmud.

עשר שורות של עשר עשר כדי יין – that are arranged in the Land [of Israel] that in every matter that you count whether from the east to the west or from the north to the south, you will find ten rows [jugs of wine] ten which are one-hundred jugs [of wine].

שורה החיצונה אחת מעשר – one earthen wine jug that is in the outer row, I have established as [First] Tithe on the other earthen wine jugs that I have.

ואין ידוע איזה – [it is not known which] outer row, for behold there are four outer rows corresponding to the four directions.

נוטל שתי חביות באלכסון (he must take two barrels from diagonally opposite corners) – one to the southeastern corner and second to it in the northwestern corner, for each earthen jug [of wine] that is in the corner is counted for two directions, and he should fill up from both of them one earthen jug [of wine] and it will be tithed [as heave-offering of the tithe for the one-hundred jugs].

חצי שורה החיצונה אחת מעשר (a half of one outside row is designated as [First] Tithe [for fifty jugs])- but if he said, one earthen jug [of wine] that is in the middle of the outer row, it I have established as [heave-offering of the First] Tithe on the other earthen jugs [of wine] that I have.

ואין ידוע איזה – [and it is not known which] half row from the four outer rows.

נוטל ארבע חביות מד' זויות – because there is on each corner from he two halves that are in the two outer rows that are near it, and he fills up one earthen jug from those four one and it will be the [heave-offering of the] tithe.

שורה אחת מעשר – but if he said, one earthen jug [of wine] that is in one row from these ten rows – it I have established for [First] Tithe and it is not known in which row it is.

נוטל שורה אחת באלכסון – that is to say, he takes ten earthen jugs from one row from the southeastern corner until the northwestern corner, or from the southwestern corner until the northeastern corner and he fills from all of these ten earthen jugs [of wine] one earthen jug and it will be [the heave-offering of the First] . But for what reason does he take in a diagonal line and he doesn’t take from one entire row straight from east to west or from north to south? For when he takes in a diagonal line, whether one counts all the entire rows from east to west or whether that he counts them from north to south, it is found that he takes one earthen jug [of wine] from each and every row, what is not the case if he were to take one row the length of from east to west or from north to south.