שיעור כלי חרס ליטהר (the measure – of the perforation/hole in an earthenware vessel to render it clean) – that it further not be susceptible to receive defilement. And if it was impure, it was purified as if it was broken entirely, that further it is not appropriate/fit for its matter and its inside is not considered. Even if it was an arched, pouched vessel/jug for dried figs and/or nuts and it was perforated when removing olives, it is pure, all the while that he did not go back and designate it afterwards to receive in it pomegranates and things like them. But if he went back and designated it to receive in it pomegranates, it is impure until a perforation is made when removing a pomegranate, and from when it was perforated while removing a pomegranate, it no longer becomes susceptible to receiving [ritual] impurity.

שיעורו במשקין – the hole/perforation that when they place the vessel over the liquids, the liquids enter through that hole into the vessel, and it is a larger hole from that which releases liquids.

לכך ולכך – such as a pot that they cook meat in, even though they don’t place in it food without liquid, for the liquid is not recognized for it was perforated for the entrance of liquid, even so, we follow the stringent position, that it is not [ritually] pure until it will be perforated for the removal of olives.

חבית שיעורה בגרוגרות – it was the regular practice that they would place dried figs in a jar.

רבי מאיר אומר בזיתים – like the anonymous Mishnah of above (i.e., Tractate Kelim, Chapter 3, Mishnah 1). And this is anonymous Mishnah followed by a dispute (i.e., between Rabbis Shimon, Yehuda and Meir) but the Halakha is not according to the anonymous [Mishnah]. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda (i.e., the measurement is with nuts).

הלפס והקדרה (the stew-pot/tightly covered pot and cooking pot) – to be stringent, as is explained above (see Mishnah 1 of this chapter).

הפך והטפי (oil cruise and the vessel with a narrow neck/dripper) – they are utensils for oil, but the mouth of the ewer/dripper is very narrow, for this [reason], it is called a טפי/dripper for it (i.e., the oil) only descends from it drop by drop and the טפי/dripper as it is taught in the Mishnah in the chapter above (see Tractate Kelim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 3) is [ritually] pure, that is, that they (i.e., the Sages), ordained to cover with it a basket of grapes as we explained above (see Tractate Kelim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 3).

בשמן – that is the would bring in the liquid of oil [of olives]. But its measurement is not equivalent to that of water, for that which is of oil is thin, for the vessel that holds water or wine does not hold oil.

הצרצור (stone vessel containing a strainer and having an indented – comb-like- rim/a sort of cooler) – a vessel made to drink water from it and through its mouth, is a matting/net-work so that nothing bad can enter into it and soil the liquids.

שלשתן – the oil cruise and the dripper and the comb-like cooler, their measure is with a hole that lets out seeds, like beans. For Rabbi Shimon holds that they are also made for seeds, and they are like that which is made for this and that, like above (see Chapter 3, Mishnah 1), they subject it for the more stringent rule. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.

נר שיעורו בשמן – when one brings in liquid of [olive] oil. For a mere lamp is designed for oil.

רבי שמעון אומר בפרוטה קטנה – that he held that it was made to place in it פרוטות/drops (see Mishnah 6 of this chapter) and they pour it for its stringency. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.

נר שנטל פיו – the designation of lamp is nullified.

ושל אדמה – it is not susceptible to receive defilement all the while that it is not smelt in a kiln. But even though that the nozzle of the lamp is burned by the wick, this is not considered as if it was smelt in a kiln, and it is pure.

חבת שניקבה – when it releases olive [oil]. And it is pure, and when it was repaired with pitch, it becomes susceptible to receive defilement from here onwards.

חזרה ונשברה – into many pieces. That shard which has in it pitch holding one-quarter [of a LOG] and it sits without being supported/propped up is impure. But are dealing with a jar that holds from a LOG to a SEAH [the uncleanness will persist if the remnant will hold] a quarter of a LOG as is taught in the Mishnah in the previous Chapter (Tractate Kelim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 2). But even though the closing up (through repair with pitch) has no effect on the hole that comes after breakage, this closing up is different because it was done prior to having nullifying the designation of a vessel from it, for a jug that was perforated, its designation as a jug is upon it even though it is pure, but earthenware that departs from the jug, nullifies the designation of the name of a vessel from it even though it is not perforated. Therefore, closing up its hole has no benefit.

חבית שנתרועעה – like a broken/shattered wall. That is earthenware did not fall out, but it is so cracked that if he carried it and one-half of a KAB of dried figs that are in it would break completely. And it is [ritually] pure as we state in the other (i.e., next) chapter (i.e., Tractate Kelim, Chapter 4) [Mishnah 2].

וטפלה (to paste/plaster) – that he plastered its facing.

בגללים – in order that the potter’s clay would not fall off.

נשברה – that the earthenware fell off and he glued the shards with the glue that scribes use (to paste together strips of papyrus – see Tractate Pesahim, Chapter 3, Mishnah 1). Or that he brought potter’s clay from another place and glued them and afterwards plastered them over with dung, it is pure, and the same law applies when he plastered them with clay/mud, all the while that he did not go back and smelt it in a kiln.

חרס מחזיק רביעית – and such as that the earthenware comes from a jar [that is susceptible to become impure] that holds from a LOG until a SEAH, that its measurement is with a quarter-of-a-LOG as was explained above (see Tractate Kelim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 2).

כולן מטמאין במגע – and all of them are made into a handle for that potsherd and defile because of that handle. And [the part] opposite it only defiles through its airspace, for there is no airspace to the handle of an earthenware vessel.

כלי חרס הבריא – that is not shattered or broken.

מטמאין – if the vessel is defiled from its airspace, food and liquids that came in contact with its plaster are impure, because it is considered like the vessel itself (according to Rabbi Shimon and Rabbi Meir).

הטופל את הבריא טהור – that specifically the vessel that is shattered that needs that plastering, that one (i.e., the vessel) is where the plastering is like the vessel and the foods that came in contact with it are defiled when the vessel is impure. But the plastering of a healthy/whole vessel is not considered like a vessel. And the Halakha is according to the Rabbis.

וכן בחידוק קרויה (the lining of a pumpkin that has been hollowed out – to be used as a drawing vessel – i.e., the earthen vessel or clay that has been fitted as a protection) – just as Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Shimon disputed with the Sages with the plastering of a whole vessel, so they disputed with regard to the lining of a pumpkin that has been hollowed out, and this is a dry and hollow gourd that they draw water with, and they regularly fasten around it in a circle of wood or of iron in order that it would not break if it is corked with a stone. For Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Shimon who make unclean the plastering of a whole [earthenware vessel] (i.e., unbroken or unshattered) also make unclean even this, and even if it was a pure pumpkin-shell used as a drawing vessel. But the Sages state that if it was a pure pumpkin-shell used as a drawing vessel and it doesn’t have a need for this hoop, this hoop is not like the body of the pure pumpkin-shell used as a drawing vessel, and if the pure pumpkin-shell became defiled, the hoop did not become defiled.

יבלית (a pulp made of Cynodon leaves and used for lining large water vessels) – a kind/species of grass that its name is יבלא/a species of grass (Cynodon. And they regularly plaster with it the large jugs so that the wine will not escape when it drips.

פטסין (large cylindrical vessel, cash or tub of earthen material) – large jugs, like those (the first to leave the lecture room) who are owners of tubs of wine that is in Tractate Betzah 15b.

מיחם – a vessel that they heat water in (i.e., a boiler).

בחומר- thick plaster.

חרסית (potter’s clay) – thin like earthenware. But there are those who explain/interpret it as crushing/pounding of earthenware.

הנוגע בחומר טמא – because it Is joined and attached to the kettle and is considered like the essence of the vessel. Therefore, if the boiler is defiled, the thick plaster surrounding it is defiled like it, and those eating who touch the thick plaster are impure.

ובחרסית טהור – for the potter’s clay is not joined but is scraped/peeled and falls off, and is not considered like the essence of the vessel.

קומקום (kettle) – it is larger than a boiler, and in the foreign language, they call it a KUMKUMO.

שאינו יכול לקבל את החמין – for the pitch is smelted and melts/dissolves in hot water, and even though it is able to hold the cold water, it is not considered as a vessel and is pure.

וכן היה אומר בכלי זפת – vessels that are made from pitch itself, which are pure, since they are not able to hold the hot like they can the cold. But my Rabbis explained, regarding vessels lined with pitch, in pitch vessels of pitch, and it explains further on [in this Mishnah], how so? Vessels of copper that were lined with pitch are pure. If the vessels were impure and a person or foods or liquids touched/came in contact with pitch, they are pure, for the pitch does not combine and is not considered like the essence of the vessel.

ואם ליין – if he lined them with pitch from the outset to place in them wine and it was not his intention to use them for hot liquids at all.

טמאין – for the vessel requires pitch and the pitch is attached/joined.

יותר מצרכה – corresponding to the hole/perforation it needs it, and what is not corresponding to the hole/perforation is more than its needs, and it is not considered an attachment/joining, since it is not needed for the jar. But Maimonides explained that more that is its need as for example that he made the closure most thick until one would be able to remove from it and it would remain closed, and even if everything is corresponding to the hole/perforation.

זפת שנטפה על החבית (pitch which dripped on the jar) – that is not perforated.

הנוגע בה – with the drop of pitch.

טהור – even though the jar is impure. For the pitch is not in a connection/attachment to the jar, since the jar does not require it.

שפקקן בזפת – he closed up the mouth of the hole/perforation of the funnel that is made to bring wine from it into the jar.

רבי אלעזר בן עזריה מטמא – because it (i.e., the pitch) is considered for it as a closure, whether of wood or whether of earthenware.

ר"ע מטמא בשל עץ – because the pitch is of its [same] species/kind, for the pitch comes out from the tree.

ומטהר בשל חרס – which is not its kind/species and is not considered an attachment. And the closing of the mouth of a funnel is not similar to the closing of the perforation of a jug which is considered an attachment, because the perforation in the mouth of the funnel that was made by the artisan from the outset was smooth and the pitch was peeled from it and does not endure, but the jug that was perforated after it was heated in a kiln, it is impossible to perforate to be smooth and even, and the pitch is not peeled from it, or alternatively, the perforation that is at the mouth of the funnel, its function is to remove its covering/closure when he wants to pour wine from the jug. Therefore, it is not considered a closing other than with a wooden funnel because it is its kind/species, but a jug that is perforated, its function is not to remove the closure.

רבי יוסי מטהר בשניהם – for the closing of the mouth of the funnel is not considered a closure, and it is as if it was not closed and lacks a receptacle. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.