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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah Chapter 1

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קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שֶׁשְּׁחָטָן בַּדָּרוֹם. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁדִּינָן לְהִשָּׁחֵט בַּצָּפוֹן, לֹא תֵימָא כְמַאן דְּחַנְקִינְהוּ דָּמוּ וְהָווּ כְקָדָשִׁים שֶׁמֵּתוּ שֶׁיָּצְאוּ יְדֵי מְעִילָה דְבַר תּוֹרָה, קָמַשְׁמַע לָן דְּקָדָשִׁים שֶׁמֵּתוּ לֹא חֲזוּ כְלָל, אֲבָל דָּרוֹם נְהִי דְאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לְקָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים, אֲבָל רָאוּי הוּא לְקָדָשִׁים קַלִּים, הִלְכָּךְ מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן, וּמִי שֶׁנֶּהֱנָה מֵהֶם שָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה מֵבִיא קָרְבַּן מְעִילָה. וְלֹא בִלְבַד כִּי נִשְׁחֲטוּ בַדָּרוֹם וְקִבֵּל דָּמָן בַּצָּפוֹן הוּא דְּמוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן, מִשּׁוּם דְּעִקַּר עֲבוֹדָה בַצָּפוֹן הַוְיָא [כַּדִּין], דְּמִקַּבָּלָה וָאֵילָךְ מִצְוַת כְּהֻנָּה, אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ שְׁחָטָן בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבֵּל דָּמָן בַּדָּרוֹם, אַף עַל גַּב דְּעִקַּר עֲבוֹדָה הַוְיָא בַדָּרוֹם שֶׁלֹּא כַדִּין, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

קדשי קדשים ששחטן בדרום – even though that their law is to be slaughtered in the north [part of the Temple courtyard] (see Tractate Zevakhim, Chapter 5, Mishnah 1), do not say that is like the one that is strangled (see Talmud Meilah 2a) for they were like Holy Things that died when they left the realm of religious sacrilege according to the Written Torah, that it comes to tell us that Holy Things/sacrifices that died are not worthy at all. But the south [part of the Temple courtyard] assuming that it is not appropriate for the Holy of Holies but is appropriate for offerings of lesser sanctity, therefore, they commit religious sacrilege with them, but a person who benefits from them the equivalent of a perutah/penny brings the sacrifice for religious sacrilege. But not only that they were slaughtered in the south and their blood was received In the north that one commits religious sacrilege because the essence of Divine service in the north is [according to law], and from the received tradition and onward, it is the commandment of the priesthood, but even if they were slaughtered in the north and the received their blood in the south, even though tha t the essence of the Divine service is in the south not according to the law, even so, they commit religious sacrilege through them.

וְזָרַק דָּמָן בַּלַּיְלָה. אַף עַל גַּב דְּלַיְלָה לָאו זְמַן הַקְרָבָה, מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

וזרק דמו בלילה – even though that night is not the time of offering [of the sacrifice), one commits religious sacrilege with them

בַּלַּיְלָה וְזָרַק דָּמָן בַּיּוֹם. הַאי כָל שֶׁכֵּן הוּא דְמוֹעֲלִין, דְּהָא זָרַק בַּיּוֹם דְּעִקַּר עֲבוֹדָה הוּא. אֶלָּא זוֹ וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר זוֹ קָתָנֵי:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

בלילה וזרק דמן ביום – his all the more so that one is committing religious sacrilege, because he sprinkled [the blood] during the day, which is the essence of Divine service. But it is taught “this but one doesn’t have to state that.”

אוֹ שֶׁשְּׁחָטָן. בַּצָּפוֹן, וְחָשַׁב עֲלֵיהֶן לְאָכְלָן חוּץ לִזְמַנָּן שֶׁהוּא פִגּוּל שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ כָרֵת, אוֹ חוּץ לִמְקוֹמָן שֶׁהוּא פְסוּל שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ כָרֵת, מוֹעֲלִים בָּהֶן:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

או ששחטן – [slaughtered them] in the north , and he thought about eating them outside of their time which is פיגול/an offering disqualified by improper intention which is punishable by extirpation/כרת , or outside of their place which is disqualified which does not have [punishment of] extirpation, one commits religious sacrilege through them.

כְּלָל אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ כֹּל שֶׁהָיָה לָהּ שְׁעַת הֶתֵּר לַכֹּהֲנִים. אַף עַל גַּב דְּשׁוּב נִפְסְלָה, וְאֵין רַשָּׁאִים לְאָכְלָן, אֲפִלּוּ הָכִי אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

כלל אמר ר' יהושע כל שהיה לה שעת היתר לכהנים – even though it once again became disqualified and they are not permitted to eat them, nevertheless, we don’t commit religious sacrilege with them.

שֶׁלָּנָה. לְאַחַר זְרִיקָה, אוֹ שֶׁנִּטְמְאָה אוֹ שֶׁיָּצְאָה חוּץ לָעֲזָרָה לְאַחַר זְרִיקָה. אַף עַל גַּב דְּאֵינָהּ רְאוּיָה לַכֹּהֲנִים, כֵּיוָן דְּהָיָה לָהּ שָׁעָה אַחַת הֶתֵּר קֹדֶם שֶׁלָּנָה, אֵין מוֹעֲלִים בָּהּ, דְּלָאו קָדְשֵׁי ה'‏ קָרִינַן בָּהּ, דְּהָא חֲזוּ לַכֹּהֲנִים:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

שלנה – after sprinkling, or that it became defiled or that went outside of the courtyard after the sprinkling [of the blood], even though that it is not appropriate for the Kohanim, since it had one hour of availability to [for use[ prior to being left overnight, we don’t commit religious sacrilege with it, for we don’t call it “God’s holy things,” for it was appropriate for the Kohanim.

וְשֶׁקִּבְּלוּ פְסוּלִים וְזָרְקוּ אֶת דָּמָהּ. קִבְּלוּ פְּסוּלִים אֶת דָּמָהּ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁזְּרָקוּהוּ כְּשֵׁרִים, אוֹ שֶׁזְּרָקוּהוּ פְּסוּלִים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁקִּבְּלוּהוּ כְּשֵׁרִים. וְאִם לְאַחַר שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ פְּסוּלִים אֶת הַדָּם וּזְרָקוּהוּ, חָזְרוּ כְּשֵׁרִים וְקִבְּלוּ שְׁאָר דַּם הַנֶּפֶשׁ וּזְרָקוּהוּ, הֲרֵי זְרִיקַת הַכְּשֵׁרִים מוֹעֶלֶת וּמַתֶּרֶת הַבָּשָׂר לַכֹּהֲנִים וְאֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם מְעִילָה. וְהָנֵי מִלֵּי שְׁאָר פְּסוּלִים חוּץ מִן הַטָּמֵא, אֲבָל טָמֵא שֶׁקִּבֵּל אֶת הַדָּם וּזְרָקוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחָזְרוּ כְּשֵׁרִים וְקִבְּלוּ שְׁאָר דַּם הַנֶּפֶשׁ וּזְרָקוּהוּ, אֵין לַבָּשָׂר שְׁעַת הֶתֵּר, וּמוֹעֲלִים בּוֹ, שֶׁהַטָּמֵא הוֹאִיל וְרָאוּי לַעֲבוֹדַת צִבּוּר, שֶׁקָּרְבַּן צִבּוּר דּוֹחֶה אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה, כְּשֶׁזָּרַק הַדָּם נַעֲשָׂה שְׁאָר הַדָּם שְׁיָרִים, וְשׁוּב אֵין זְרִיקַת הַכְּשֵׁרִים מוֹעֶלֶת לְהַתִּיר הַבָּשָׂר. וְאֵין לְךָ בַּפְּסוּלִים מִי שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה הַדָּם שְׁיָרִים אֶלָּא הַטָּמֵא בִלְבַד:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ושקבלו פסולים וזרקו את דמה (the blood of which disqualified men have received or tossed) – the ineligible had received its blood, even though that those that sprinkled/tossed it were fit, or that those who sprinkled it were disqualified, even though who received it were fit. But if after the disqualified had received the blood and sprinkled it, the fit [priests] returned and received the rest of the lifeblood (i.e., the last blood that exits before the animal is dead -which is about one-fourth of a LOG – see Tractate Zevakhim, Chapter 3, Mishnah 1 ) and sprinkled it, thereby the sprinkling by the fit is makes inappropriate use of sacred property, but permits the meat to the Kohanim, there isn’t religious sacrilege. And these words refer to the rest of the disqualified, other than those who are ritually impure, but someone ritually impure who received the blood and sprinkled it, even though the fit returned and received the rest of the lifeblood [of the animal] and sprinkled it, the meat did not have a period of availability [for use by the Kohanim] and one commits religious sacrilege, for the ritually impure, since is appropriate for the Divine Service of the community, as the sacrifice of the community postpones the ritual defilement, when he he tossed the blood, the rest of he blood became remnants, and furthermore, the tossing by the fit of the blood is not an inappropriate use of sacred property to permit the meat, and among the disqualified, you don’t have an individual who makes the blood of the remnants other than the ritually impure alone.

בְּשַׂר קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שֶׁיָּצָא לִפְנֵי זְרִיקַת דָּמִים. וְאַחַר כָּךְ נִכְנַס וְאַחַר כָּךְ זָרַק אֶת הַדָּם:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

בשר קדשי קדשים שיצא לפני זריקת דמים (beyond the veils of the courtyard) – and afterwards it (i.e., the meat) came in and afterwards tossed/sprinkled the blood.

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר מוֹעֲלִים בּוֹ. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁזָּרַק אֶת הַדָּם. דִּסְבִירָא לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר דִּזְרִיקָה לֹא מַהֲנֵי לַיּוֹצֵא לַאֲפוֹקֵי מִידֵי מְעִילָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ר' אליעזר אומר מועלים בו – even though he tossed/sprinkled the blood, for Rabbi Eliezer holds that tossing/sprinkling [of the blood] does not take effect/benefit to [meat] that leaves to exclude something from religious sacrilege.

וְאֵין חַיָּבִין עָלָיו מִשּׁוּם פִּגּוּל נוֹתָר וְטָמֵא. הוֹאִיל וְיָצָא. דִּזְרִיקָה כְשֵׁרָה קָא קָבְעָה לְפִגּוּל, וְלֹא פְסוּלָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ואין חייבין משום פגול נותר וטמא – for since it (i.e., the meat) left [the courtyard]. For tossing/sprinkling is fit for it establishes פיגול/an offering disqualified by proper intention, but it is not disqualified.

רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא סָבַר אֵין מוֹעֲלִים בּוֹ. דְּקָסָבַר דִּזְרִיקָה מְהַנְּיָא לַיּוֹצֵא לְאַפּוֹקֵי מִמְּעִילָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

רבי עקיבא – Rabbi Akiva holds that we don’t commit religious sacrilege with it. For he holds that tossing/sprinkling [of the blood] takes effect for [the meat] that goes out to exclude it from religious sacrilege.

אֲבָל חַיָּבִין כוּ'. אֲבָל, לְשׁוֹן בְּרַם, כְּמוֹ בֶאֱמֶת. וְכִי אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא דִזְרִיקָה מַהֲנֵי לַיּוֹצֵא, כְּגוֹן שֶׁיָּצָא מִקְצָת הַבָּשָׂר וְלֹא כֻלּוֹ, דְּמִגּוֹ דִמְהַנְּיָא לְהַהוּא מִקְצָת שֶׁבִּפְנִים, מְהַנְּיָא נַמִּי לְהַהוּא מִקְצָת שֶׁיָּצָא חוּץ. וַהֲלָכָה כְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

אבל חייבין כו' – but, the language of “surely!”/”truly!”- like truthfully. But when Rabbi Akiva said that tossing/sprinkling [the blood] take effect for [the meat] that leaves [from the courtyard], as for example, that part of the meat went out but not all of it, that because it is effective for that part that is inside [the courtyard], it is effective also for that part [of the meat] that left [the courtyard] to the outside. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.

אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא וַהֲרֵי הַמַּפְרִישׁ חַטָּאתוֹ וְאָבְדָה. הַשְׁתָּא מַיְתֵי רְאָיָה לְמַאי דְקָאָמַר דִּזְרִיקָה מוֹעֶלֶת לַיּוֹצֵא:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

אמר ר' עקיבא והרי המפריש חטאתו ואבדה – now he brings a proof to that which he sasid that tossing/sprinkling effects that [meat] which left [the Temple courtyard].

וַהֲרֵי שְׁתֵּיהֶן עוֹמְדוֹת. שְׁחוּטוֹת וְנִתְקַבֵּל דָּמָן בִּשְׁתֵּי כוֹסוֹת וְזָרַק דָּמָהּ שֶׁל אַחַת מֵהֶן:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

והרי שתיהן עומדות (both of them are available)– are both slaughtered and their blood was received in two cups and he tossed/sprinkled the blood from one of them.

לֹא כְשֵׁם שֶׁדָּמָהּ. שֶׁל אוֹתָהּ:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

לא כשם שדמה – of that one.

פּוֹטֵר אֶת בְּשָׂרָהּ. מִן הַמְּעִילָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

פוטר את בשרה – from religious sacrilege.

כָּךְ הוּא פוֹטֵר אֶת בְּשַׂר חֲבֶרְתָּהּ. שֶׁלֹּא נִזְרַק דָּמָהּ, מִן הַמְּעִילָה, הוֹאִיל וְהָיָה יָכוֹל לִזְרֹק דָּמָהּ שֶׁל אֵיזוֹ שֶׁיִּרְצֶה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

כך הוא פוטר את בשר חברתה– whose blood was not tossed/sprinkled, since he was able to sprinkle/toss the blood of which of them that he wanted.

וְאִם פּוֹטֵר דָּמָהּ אֶת בְּשַׂר חֲבֶרְתָּהּ מִן הַמְּעִילָה. אַף עַל גַּב דִּפְסוּלָה הִיא, דְּמוֹתַר חַטָּאת הִיא, אֵינוֹ דִין שֶׁיִּפְטֹר בְּשָׂרָהּ שֶׁל עַצְמָהּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנִּפְסְלָה בְּיוֹצֵא. וְלֹא אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא כְשֵׁם שֶׁדָּמָהּ פּוֹטֵר אֶת בְּשָׂרָהּ כָּךְ הוּא פוֹטֵר אֶת בְּשַׂר חֲבֶרְתָּהּ, אֶלָּא כְשֶׁשָּׁחַט שְׁתֵּי הַחַטָּאוֹת כְּאַחַת, לְפִי שֶׁאִם רָצָה מִזֶּה זוֹרֵק רָצָה מִזֶּה זוֹרֵק, אֲבָל בָּזֶה אַחַר זֶה לֹא אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא שֶׁיִּהְיֶה דָמָהּ פּוֹטֵר בְּשַׂר חֲבֶרְתָּהּ:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ואם פוטר דמה את בשר חברתה מן המעילה – even though it is disqualified, that it is permitted as a sin-offering. Does it not follow that it will exempt its own flesh, even though it was disqualified when it went out [of the courtyard?” But Rabbi Akiva did not say that just as its blood exempts its flesh, so too it exempts the flesh of its fellow [sacrifice], but rather, when he slaughtered two sin-offerings as one, because if he wanted, he toss/sprinkles from this one, if he wanted, he sprinkles/tosses from that one, but [in the case of] one after another, Rabbi Akiva did not say that the blood would exempt the flesh of its fellow [animal sacrifice].

אֵמוּרֵי קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים. אֵין מוֹעֲלִים בְּאֵמוּרֵי קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים אֶלָּא לְאַחַר זְרִיקַת דָּמִים, כִּדְאָמְרִינַן בְּשִׁלְהֵי פִרְקִין. וְאִם יָצְאוּ לִפְנֵי זְרִיקַת דָּמִים,

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

אימורי קדשים קלים – we don’t commit religious sacrilege with those portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar of lesser Holy Things other than after the sprinkling/tossing of the blood, as we stated at the end of the chapter (see Mishnah 4), and if they went out [from the Temple courtyard] before the sprinkling/tossing of the blood.

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. דְּכִי הֵיכִי דְאִית לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר דְּאֵין זְרִיקָה מוֹעֶלֶת לַיּוֹצֵא לְאַפּוֹקֵי בְשַׂר קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים מִמְּעִילָה, הָכִי נַמִּי אֵין מוֹעֶלֶת לַיּוֹצֵא לְהָבִיא אֵמוּרֵי קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים לִידֵי מְעִילָה. וְכִי הֵיכִי דְאִית לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא דִזְרִיקָה מוֹעֶלֶת לַיּוֹצֵא לְאַפּוֹקֵי בְשַׂר קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים מִידֵי מְעִילָה, מוֹעֶלֶת נַמִּי לַיּוֹצֵא לְהָבִיא אֵמוּרֵי קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים לִידֵי מְעִילָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ר' אליעזר אומר אין מועלין בהן – just as that Rabbi Eliezer has [the opinion] that the sprinkling [of the blod] does not effect [meat] that leaves [the Temple courtyard] to exclude the meat of the most Holy Things from becoming religious sacrilege, here too, it does not take effect [for meat] that leaves to include the parts of the sacrifice offered on the altar of lesser Holy Things regarding religious sacrilege, and just as Rabbi Akiva has the opinion that sprinkling/tossing of the blood effects that [meat] which leaves [the Temple courtyard] to exclude the meat of the Most Holy Things from religious sacrilege, it effects that [meat] which leaves to include the portions of the sacrifice offered o the altar of lesser Holy Things regarding religious sacrilege.

מַעֲשֵׂה דָמִים. זוֹ זְרִיקַת הַדָּם:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

מעשה דמים – this sprinkling/tossing of the blood.

וְאֵין מוֹעֲלִין בַּבָּשָׂר. לְאַחַר זְרִיקַת דָּמִים אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בַּבָּשָׂר, דִּכְבָר יֶשׁ בּוֹ שְׁעַת הֶתֵּר לַכֹּהֲנִים. וְהַיְנוּ לְהָקֵל, דְּמִשּׁוּם זְרִיקַת דָּמִים אָתְיָא לֵיהּ קֻלָּא דְאֵין מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ואין מועלין בבשר – after the sprinkling/tossing of the blood, there is no religious sacrilege with the flesh/meat, for already it has its hour of availability [for use by] the Kohanim (see Mishnah 1 of this chapter), which isits leniency, for because of the sprinkling/tossing of the blood, there comes the leniency that we don’t have religious sacrilege with it.

וְעַל זֶה וְעַל זֶה. בֵּין עַל הָאֵמוּרִין בֵּין עַל הַבָּשָׂר לְאַחַר זְרִיקָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

על זה ועל זה – whether for those portions of the sacrifices offered on the altar whether on the flesh/meat after the sprinkling/tossing [of the blood[.

חַיָּבִין מִשּׁוּם פִּגּוּל. אִם פִּגֵּל בְּאַחַת מֵאַרְבַּע עֲבוֹדוֹת. דִּזְרִיקָה קֹבַעַת בְּפִגּוּל וְקָבְעָה נַמִּי לְנוֹתָר וְטָמֵא. וְהַיְנוּ לְהַחְמִיר:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

חייבין משום פיגול – if he had the wrong intention in one of the four [Divine] Services, for sprinkling/tossing [of the blood] establishes for the wrong intention and also establishes for remnants/left-overs and that which is ritually impure, and this is make a stringemcy.

וּבְקָדָשִׁים קַלִּים. לְאַחַר זְרִיקָה:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ובקדשים קלים – after the sprinkling/tossing [of the blood].

כֻּלּוֹ לְהַחְמִיר. דְּמוֹעֲלִין בָּאֵמוּרִים, דִּכְבָר חֲזוּ לְגָבוֹהַּ וְקָדָשִׁים נִינְהוּ וְלֹא מָמוֹן בְּעָלִים:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

כולו להחמיר – and they commit religious sacrilege with those portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar, for it is was already appropriate to “on High” (i.e.,God), and these are Holy Things and not the money of the owners.

וְעַל זֶה וְעַל זֶה. בֵּין עַל הָאֵמוּרִים בֵּין עַל הַבָּשָׂר חַיָּבִין עָלָיו מִשּׁוּם פִּגּוּל נוֹתָר וְטָמֵא. וְהַיְנוּ כֻלּוֹ לְהַחְמִיר:

Bartenura on Mishnah, trans. by Rabbi Robert Alpert, 2020

ועל זה ועל זה – whether on the portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar or on the meat/flesh, they are liable for it because of improper intention, left-overs/remnants, and that which is impure. And that means all of it is for stringency.

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