המביא כלי חרס לחטאת – that he goes near the potter to buy from him an earthenware vessel to place in it the ashes of the sin-offering or the water of the sin-offering/lustration.

טובל ולן על הכבשן – he begins to guard them in purity so that someone who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical cleanness (i.e., עם הארץ) wouldn’t touch them prior to their smelting them in a kiln/furnace, which is the conclusion of their labor to be susceptible to receive defilement.

ר' יהודה אומר אף מן הבית הוא מביא וכשר – we believe an person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical cleanness if he says that he guarded it on the purity of a sin-offering, as we stated in the Chapter “A More Stringent Rule Applies to Holy Things”/"חומר בקודש" (Tractate Hagigah 22a), that people who don’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness (עמי הארץ) are believed on the ritual purity of wine for libations and oil for meal-offerings, so that each and every person would not build a platform for himself and burn the Red Cow/Heifer for himself. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.

ובתרומה – if he brings an earthenware vessel to place heave-offering in it.

פותח את הכבשן וטוטל – even though the its smelting was completed but not their guarding, that since [the oven] was not yet opened and is filled with dust on top of it, we are not concerned that perhaps a person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness touched it, for they were not stringent regarding heave-offering.

Rabbi Shimon states: “From the second row”/מן הסדר השני. If a person who doesn’t observe certain religious customs regarding tithes and Levitical uncleanness/עם הארץ open the kiln and took vessels from it, he doesn’t take from the first row, for the hand of all handles them, but from the second row which is underneath the first row, he is permitted. But Rabbi Yossi is stringent and forbade even from the second row. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon nor according to Rabbi Yossi, but even though he found the kiln/furnace open, everything is in the presumption of ritual purity, and he can take even from the first row.

המטביל כלי לחטאת (a person who immerses a vessel for a purification rite) – a vessel which requires only rinsing in order to be restored to Levitical cleanness that he immersed it in order to fill it with water and to mix them with ashes, if he filled it with water that is not appropriate for mixing, as for example, the water of a Mikveh that are not potable, running spring water.

צריך לנגב – [he needs to wipe off] the vessel, for perhaps that which was appropriate would be mixed with that which is inappropriate. But if he immersed it in potable, running spring water waters, they are appropriate for mixing, one doesn’t need to dry it off.

ואם לאסוף לתוכו מים מקודשים – but if he immersed it in order to bring into water that he had already placed in it the ashes, even if he had immersed it in potable, running spring water, he needs to dry it, so that water that is not mixed becomes combined with water that is mixed, and it is taught in the Mishnah further on (Chapter 9, Mishnah 1 of Tractate Negaim) a flask of lustration that invalid water fell into it.

קרויה (pumpkin-shell used as a drawing vessel, cooler) – a dry, hollow gourd/pumpkin that absorbs water.

שהטבילוה – a mere preference for lustration, but not because of defilement, for we are speaking of something new that was never defiled.

במים שאין ראויין לקדש מקדשים בה – after it was wiped off. But we don’t concern ourselves that perhaps it absorbed water that are not appropriate for mixing, and it will return and emit them.

נטמאה אין מקדשים בה – but even though he returned and immersed it, for we are concerned that perhaps it would emit impure liquids that had been absorbed in it. For the Rabbis hold that we should be stricter with impure waters more than with waters that are not appropriate for mixing. The Rabbi Yehoshua harmonized his measures. But if you are concerned, here and there you should be concerned. But if you are not concerned, here and there you should not be concerned. But rather, whether one way or the other, whether at the beginning he immersed it in water that was not appropriate for mixing and dried it off, or whether at the end when it had become defiled and he immersed it even with appropriate [waters] for mixing and dried it off, he should not add into it mixed waters, for we are concerned that perhaps he will emit them. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

שפופרת (tube) – of reed.

שחתכה – he prepared it to place in it the waters of lustration or the ashes of lustration (i.e., of the sin-offering), even if a חבר/member of a group dedicated to the precise observance of the commandments who is not suspect regarding defilement.

ר' אליעזר אומר יטביל מיד – and there is recognition, that the [rituals surrounding] the cow/heifer are performed by someone who had immersed himself that day, because vessels that have been completed in ritual purity require ritual immersion for consecrated objects, lest there remain in the vessel the spittle that comes out from the mouth of a person who is not punctilious in his observance of the laws of tithing and ritual purity (i.e., a common, uneducated person/עם הארץ), and it is moist at the time at the time when he completes the vessel and he defiles it. But even though that this defilement does not require [waiting until] sunset but only ritual immersion, nevertheless, there is recognition, because regarding the cow/heifer of lustration (i.e., the sin offering), it makes him like someone who has been defiled by a corpse on his seventh day and he defiles people and vessels, and if there is of a heifer, he would require a sunset [to pass], and it (i.e., the tube of the reed) would also require it.

ר' יהושע אומר יטמא ויטביל – that in another matter there isn’t any recognition, since the vessels that are completed in ritual purity do not require [the passing of] a sunset to mix them. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.

הכל כשרים לקדש - all those who are poor are fit/appropriate to cast the ashes into the mater, and even women. As is it written concerning the collection of the ashes of the cow/heifer (Numbers 19:9): “A man/person who is pure shall gather up the ashes of the cow and deposit them outside the camp [in a pure place, to be kept for water of lustration of the Israelite community].,” and we expound [on the word] "איש"/a person or man, to permit the non-Kohen/”foreigner.” [The word] טהור/pure [means] even a woman; [the word] "והניח"/he shall deposit [implies] a person that has cognitive awareness/temperament to place it, excluding the deaf-mute, the imbecile and a minor who lack cognitive awareness. And after [the collection of its ashes], if is written that this Divine service of mixing – and there is no Divine Service that interrupts in the meanwhile. We learned that all who are fit/appropriate for the collection of its ashes are fit/appropriate for mixing.

ר' יהודה מכשיר בקטן ופוסל באשה – but if there is that everyone who is fit for the collection of [ashes] is fit for mixing, it (i.e., the Torah) should write, "ולקח"/and he takes, in the singular with regard to mixing, for just as (i.e., the Torah) wrote, "ואסף"/and he collected – in the singular for collecting [of the ashes], why does it write, "ולקחו"/and they shall take (see Numbers 19:17 – “Some of the ashes from the fire of purification shall be taken for he impure person,”/"ולקחו לטמא מעפר שרפת החטאת", that even those that are invalid there are fit/appropriate here, such as a minor. But not a woman, for it is written (Numbers 19:17): "ונתן עליו מים חיים אל-כלי"/and fresh water shall be added to them in a vessel), "ונתן"/and he shall give, and not "ונתנה"/and she gave.

בכל הכלים מקדשים – whether of wood, whether of bone, whether of glass, and even with vessels of dung, that are not considered a vessel in regard to defilement, not from the words of the Torah nor from the words of the Scribes, as I is written (Numbers 19:17): “And fresh water shall be added to them in a vessel,” but it is not written, “to the vessel.”

מחץ (ladle) – a large earthenware vessel that they call ALMAKHDIR in Arabic. And on one end of it is made in the form of a handle and it the sides of a broken ladle. Such is how Maimonides explained it.

ואין מזין אלא בכלי – meaning to say, that the water must be in the vessel at the time of the sprinkling.

אין מצילין – all what is inside it [is protected] from the defilement of the tent of corpse through a tightly fitting cover, except [whole] vessels.

שאין מצילין מאויר כלי חרס אלא כלים – that if a creeping reptile would fall into the airspace of an earthenware vessel, everything that is within it is impure even though it did not come in contact with them, except for utensils that are not defiled from the airspace of an earthenware vessels, as it is written (Leviticus 11:33-34): “[And if any of those falls into an earthen vessel,] everything inside it shall be impure…as to any food that may be eaten,” food and liquids become defiled from the airspace of earthenware vessels, but utensils/vessels are not defiled from the airspace of earthenware vessels.

שאין מצילין – like, and they do not protect/ואין מצילין , and an example of this is at the beginning of the first chapter of [Tractate] Betza [8a] that the ashes of a portable stove on feet with caves for two pots is prepared, and Rabbah stated in the Gemara (Tractate Betza 8a), that this is what he said, that the ashes of a portable stove on feet with caves for two pots is ready/prepared.

ביצת היוצרים – every vessel that the potter of earthenware begins to make, he first makes the material round like the form of an egg and makes for it a receptacle.

כשרה – to mix in it the waters of lustration/sin-offering.

ור' יוסי פוסל – for it is not considered a vessel to him. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.

ביצת התרנגולת – its outer shell.

וחכמים פוסלים – for it is not considered a vessel. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

השוקת שבסלע (the trough which [is hewn] in the rock) – A שוקת/trough is a hollowed rock that is on the rim of a spring and the water enters in it through a hole that is in its wall and waters the animals. But here we are speaking of a rock that is attached that was hollowed out, it is not considered a utensil since it didn’t have the designation of a vessel when it was detached. But even that it was detached [other than] that they attached it and at the end hollowed it out.

ואינה צריכה צמיד פתיל – if it was in the tent of a corpse it protects on what is within it with the covering alone without the tightly fitted lid, because it is not considered a vessel but rather like a pit or a cistern that protects over what is inside of it with a cover without a tightly fitted lid/stopper, as is taught in Chapter Five of [Tractate] Ahilot [Mishnah 6].

ואינה פוסלת את המקוה – if rain water [fell] from it to the Mikveh/ritual bath, they are not considered drawn water to invalidate the Mikveh.

ופקקה (inserted a stop-gap) – stopped it up.

מפני שאינם עגולים כלי (because it is not wholly enclosed by the vessel) – meaning to say, that the vessel does not surround the water, that the perforation that is from the bottom neutralizes it from the category of a vessel, for the closing up of a rag does not make it into a vessel. But when the perforation/hole is from the side, the category of a vessel is upon it and we mix with the water that is within it, since the vessel surrounds them (i.e., the waters). And that is that the vessel is round.

עשה לה עטרה (made for it a molding of mud) – a detached trough that was attached with plaster/lime, which is considered a vessel and made a rim of mud/plaster for its fmoutjh and the trough was filled with water until it also filled the rim, the waters are invalid to mix because the addition is not considered a vessel.

ואם היה בריא (but if it was firm) – meaning to say, if this rim was strong and attached to the trough until that if he were to take the trough, he would also take the rim with it, they are fit/appropriate.

שתי שקתות שבאבן- here we are speaking of a stone that is carried that is not an attached rock, and these two troughs have the designation of a vessel.

קדש אחת מהן – that he placed ashes fo the heifer/cow in the water that is in one of them.

כשפופרת הנוד (tube/mouth-piece of the leather bottle) – like a kind of reed that he placed on the mouth of the leather bottle that through it he empties out the wine or the water within the bottom. And Is measure, in order that there would be the first two fingers of the palm of the hand are able to go back in through the space, not the thumb, but the fingers adjacent to it.

או שהיו מים צפין על גביהן – as for example that the intermediate wall interrupts between the two trough lower than the other walls.

כקליפת השום ([a film of water] of the thickness of a garlic peel) – that when both of them are filled, the water floats on the middle partition like the garlic peel.

הקיפן – made them adjacent/next one to the other. It is the language of two jugs/jars together [to set a pot upon] in Tractate Betzah [Chapter 4, Mishnah 5 and folio 32b].

המים שביניהן – that is between two kneading troughs and that which is between the fissure of the trough. But the rest of the water is mixed, but those that are in the fissure, the mixture of water [and ashes] does not enter into them.

גיפסים – a kind of lime/plaster but it is the whitest. And we call it YISO JIPIS in the foreign language.