הקדר שהניח את קדרותיו (the potter who left his pots) – a person who sells pots who is a Haver/a member of the order for the observance of Levitical laws in daily intercourse, who left his pots in the public domain, and they would customarily place large stones or pegs on the sides of the public domain to distance the wagons so that the walls would not damage them, and since these pegs press/squeeze the public domain, and this person who left his pots near them also pressed the path more, and the passers-by rub themselves on it and their clothing passes over their airspace, and the clothing of those who are not careful in their observance of Levitical laws of ritual purity/the עם הארץ/commonfolk are impure and defile the outermost ones.

במה דברים אמורים במותרות (under what circumstances – when they are untied)- when those who pass by and return shake them.

אבל באגודות (but when they are tied up) – that it is impossible to shake them, everything is ritually pure. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.

שלא מסר לו אלא שמירת המפתח – for he did not rely upon him to enter, because he would be arrested/made responsible as a thief.

ישן ומצאו ער הבית טמא – everything that is in the house is ritually impure, for we are concerned that perhaps when he woke up from his sleep he touched utensils that are in the house for he didn’t see them initially when he was asleep, for it is the manner of people to touch/feel and check that which they had never seen. But someone who is awake and he was found awake, we are not concerned, for he already saw everything that is in the house while he was awake.

עד מקום שהוא יכול לפשוט את ידו – all the vessels that he is able to reach them when he stretches forth his hand from the place where he was sleeping, we are concerned lest he touched them, but we are not concerned that perhaps he walked in the house and touched vessels. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

המניח אומנים וכו' – because artisans rely upon touching/feeling everything that is in the house, and I might think that in this, the Sages agree with Rabbi Meir that the entire house is ritually impure, it comes to tech us that even with artisans, the Rabbis dispute him and state that there is no impurity other than up to the place where they are able to stretch forth their hands and to touch. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

אשת חבר – who is trustworthy on matters of ritual purity for the wife of a Haver is like a Haver.

שהנייה לאשת עם הארץ – who is not trustworthy, for the wife of a commoner/who is not careful regarding the Levitical laws of ritual purity and tithes and his children are like hi, until they accept upon themselves the words of those who are careful with the observance of the Levitical laws of ritual purity and tithing.

פסקה רחים – she completed her grinding and stopped milling. For all the time that she is busy with her work on the millstones, she does not go and examine about the house.

וחכמים אומרים וכו' – And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

בזמן שהוא רואה – at the time when the owner of the house is able to see those who enter the house and those who depart from the house.

האוכלין והמשקין וכו' טמאין – for we are concerned that perhaps this guard touched them since he is a commoner/not careful in his observance of the laws of Levitical impurity and tithing.

אבל המשכבות והמושבות וכו' טהורין – for a commoner does not perform acts of lying or sitting and doesn’t defile through shaking, for they (i.e., the Rabbis) did not decree other than on the defilement of his contact alone.

ולא את היושבים – even though that if he stands he sees him, since he doesn’t see the person who is sitting, everything is ritually impure.

אפילו מובל (even someone immobilized) – even if this guard/watchman who is a commoner/not careful in his observance of the laws of Levitical purity and tithing is immobilized, that he is unable to walk unless they carry him.

ואפילו כפות – and tied up.

הכל טמא – for we don’t defile them because of the lying or sitting of a commoner, but rather because we are concerned that perhaps a heathen or a menstruating woman enters there and she sat or shook something and defiled everything.

הגבאים שנכנסו לבית (of Israelites) -they are tax collectors of the king to collect from the hand of an Israel the money of their capitation tax and the taxes and taxes from crops and other farmer’s produces delivered in kind, and they are commoners/not careful in the observance of the laws of Levitical purity and tithing, and they entered into his house to seize his pledge.

הבית טמא – all the vessels of the house are ritually impure because they search throughout the house.

אם יש עמהן גוי נאמנים לומר לא נכנסנו – and all the more so if there isn’t a heathen with them, they are more and more believed to state, “we have not entered.” But because of the concluding phrase of the clause of the Mishnah, it (i.e., the Mishnah) took it (i.e., these words), as it is taught: “but they are not believed to state – we entered, but didn’t touch,” for specifically if there is a heathen with them they are not believed, for they are frightened/trembling from the heathen lest he punish them if they don’t search through the entire house, and by force they feel touch/handle everything that is in the house. But if there is no heathen with them, they are believed even in this to state, “we entered but we didn’t touch [anything].”

אם יש עמהן גוי או אשה – that they (i.e., the Rabbis) decreed on the heathens to be like people with gonorrhea/זבים for all of their matters. And the woman, perhaps she is a menstruating woman/נדה or a זבה/woman with a flux.

אודיארין (store-keeper) – a bathing attendant – who receives a small coin as a fee/keeper of the clothes at the baths, the owners of the bathhouses which have many windows/apertures and anyone who enters to the bathhouse places his clothes in a window and he (i.e., the bathing attendant) locks them up with a door that is in the aperture/window.

רבי אליעזר בן עזריה מטהר – from the time that he looks the door in front of the window/aperture. And we are not concerned that perhaps a ritually impure person will touch there, after he is seized as a thief.

עד שיתן לו המפתח – and even though he places the key in the hand of the bathing attendant who is a commoner/not stringent in the observance of the Levitical laws of purity and tithes, for it is taught in the Mishnah (a text which I could not find) above (note: we have a teaching in the Tosefta Tractate Taharot, Chapter 8, Halakha 1 that teaches the reverse: "המוסר מפתח לעם הארץ הבית טמא"/He who gives over the key to a commoner, the house is ritually impure – the exact reverse of what the Bartenura commentary is pointing out and which agrees with the view of the Sages): “He who gives over the key to a commoner, the house is ritually pure.

או עד שיעשה לו סימן – to recognize that no person touched there. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

המניח את כליו – vessels that he cut grapes with in ritual purity in this year, he leaves them to cut grapes with them in ritual purity in the following year.

בנכרי כליו טהורין – we have this reading, meaning to say, if he left them with a heathen, there is no prohibition of wine poured as a libation/יין נסך associated with them, for we are not concerned that perhaps a Canaanite took them without the knowledge of the Israelite to make [wine] with them in the vat for wine-pressing.

ובישראל – for he worries/is concerned about them because of defilement through contact, they are ritually impure if his attention was diverted from them, until he says: It was my intention (literally, in my heart) to guard them. But there are books in which we do not have the reading [of the word]: "בנכרי"/with a heathen, but rather a person who leaves a vessel from this vintage to the next vintage, his vessels are ritually pure, and we are dealing with a Kohen who purchases wine of heave-offering/priest’s due from a commoner/who is not careful in his observance of the laws of Levitical purity or tithes and leaves his vessels with him in order that he can purchase from him during the next vintage, for since the vessels belong to a Kohen, the commoner trembles and doesn’t touch them. But if the vessels are of an Israelite who desires to make his wine in a state of ritual purity, a commoner is not all that careful with them, and we are concerned that perhaps a ritually impure person touched them, if his attention was diverted from them, until he states: “it was my intention to guard them.”

מי שהיה טהור – a Kohen who was ritually pure to consume heave-offering and his mind was diverted/he was discarding from his mind to consume any more heave-offering.

שדרך טמאים פרושים ממנו – the ritually impure people that know of him that he is ritually pure, separate from him, therefore, we are not concerned that he came in contact with a ritually impure person and he defiled him.

וחכמים מטמאין – for after his mind was diverted/he was discarding from his mind [to consume any more heave offering]. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.

היו ידיו טהורות – in this Rabbi Yehuda agrees that even if he said: “I know that I was my hands were not ritually defiled.”

ידיו טמאות – and they ritually defile the heave-offering, for after he diverted his mind/discarded from his mind to eat [any more heave-offering], because the hands are busy/preoccupied and they touched [impure things] unintentionally.

גרגניות (unable to resist temptation/gluttonous) – they despise/disregard and are desirous for food. It is the Aramaic translation of (Lamentations 1:11): “How abject/what a glutton I have become.” I have become a glutton/bibber like a lion. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.