ויחנטו הרופאים, “the physicians embalmed, etc.” they made his bodily remains stench-proof, emptied his bowels, stomach, etc.; afterwards they inserted various spices into the orifices of his body so that it would not decompose. We have a similar expression in Song of Songs 2,13: התאנה חנטה פגיה, “the fruit of the fig tree were sweetened.”

הוא ואחיו וכל העולים אתו, “he and his brothers and all those accompanying him. When the procession left Egypt the Egyptians were at the head of the procession (verses 7 and 8) It appears that after the Egyptians had witnessed the honour bestowed on the bier carrying Yaakov, many crowned heads participating in paying him tribute, the Egyptians were impressed by this so that on the return journey Joseph and his brothers were given the honour of leading the procession.

ויצוו אל יוסף , “they sent a messenger to deliver an urgent message to Joseph;” why did they not do so during the lifetime of their father? During the lifetime of their father they had thought it best not to resurrect old hatreds, etc. they assumed that the past had been buried. When they had passed the pit into which they had thrown Joseph they observed how Joseph recited the blessing appropriate for people who had been the witness and beneficiaries of Divine miracles. When they saw this, they were afraid that he had not forgiven them for the past.

?כי התחת אלהים אני, the word תחת here must be understood as in Deuteronomy, 1,21: אל תחת, “do not be afraid!” When Joseph realised the fear of the brothers that he would now take revenge on them he was broken hearted, telling them that he was far too G–d fearing, to act in such a manner.

וידבר אל לבם, “he addressed their hearts trying to put them at ease.” According to Rashi, he used logic to convince them of his sincerity, by saying that if ten lamps had not been able to extinguish one lamp, how could he a single (lamp) individual, hope to extinguish ten lamps? He referred to the smoke emanating from the fire in each lamp.

ויאמר יוסף אל אחיו....וישבע יוסף, “Joseph spoke to his brothers and he made them swear an oath;” It is difficult to understand why Joseph repeated the words פקוד יפקוד. We would have expected him to say: “when G–d will remember you and take you out of Egypt, take my remains with you.” This would have been parallel to Yaakov’s last request from his son Joseph.” (Compare Genesis 47,30) We may be correct in assuming that the first time he used the expression פקוד יפקוד, this was meant as a reference to how Yaakov his father had introduced a similar request.

פקוד יפקוד אלהים, “G–d will most certainly remember you, etc.” The numerical value of the letters in the word פקוד is 190. It was meant as a hint that G–d would shorten the decree according to which the people would have to wait 400 years for their redemption by 190 years. As a result, they would have spent only 210 years in Egypt at the time of the Exodus. The root פקד has been used as meaning “to be absent” (in the passive mode נפקד) in Numbers 31,49 where the officers returning from the punitive campaign against Midian thanked G–d for having returned without having lost a single soldier in that campaign. Our author comments that the word spelled without the letter ו as it appears in our text invalidates the numerical values quoted. [His attempt at resolving this does not sound convincing to this Editor ]