Machzor Rosh Hashanah Ashkenaz Linear, The Morning Prayers, Kaddish d'Rabanan
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יִתְגַּדַּלוְיִתְקַדַּשׁ שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא
Exalted and sanctified¹²⁹ be His great Name
footnotes: ¹²⁹ These opening words refer to the fulfillment of Hashem’s prophecy, through Yechezkel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra(One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2
בְּעָלְמָא דִּי בְרָא
in the world which He created
כִרְעוּתֵהּ
according to His will;
וְיַמְלִיךְ מַלְכוּתֵהּ
and may He rule His Kingdom¹³⁰
footnotes: ¹³⁰ May His sovereignty be revealed.
בְּחַיֵּיכוֹן וּבְיוֹמֵיכוֹן
in your lifetime and in your days,
וּבְחַיֵּי
and in the lifetime
דְכָל בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל,
of the entire House of Yisrael,
בַּעֲגָלָא וּבִזְמַן קָרִיב
speedily and in the near future¹³¹ —
footnotes: ¹³¹ We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra
וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן:
and say Amein.
יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא מְבָרַךְ
May His great Name be blessed
לְעָלַם וּלְעָלְמֵי עָלְמַיָּא
forever and for all eternity.¹³²
footnotes: ¹³² This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.
יִתְבָּרַךְ וְיִשְׁתַּבַּח
Blessed and praised,
וְיִתְפָּאַר וְיִתְרוֹמַם וְיִתְנַשֵּׂא
glorified, and exalted and uplifted,
וְיִתְהַדָּר וְיִתְעַלֶּה וְיִתְהַלָּל
honored and elevated and extolled¹³³
footnotes: ¹³³ The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which Hashem created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.)
שְׁמֵהּ דְקוּדְשָׁא, בְּרִיךְ הוּא
be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;
לְעֵֽלָּא וּלְעֵֽלָּא
far above
מִכָּל בִּרְכָתָא וְשִׁירָתָא,
all the blessings and hymns,¹³⁴
footnotes: ¹³⁴ May Hashem be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14.
תֻּשְׁבְּחָתָא וְנֶחֱמָתָא,
praises and consolations¹³⁵
footnotes: ¹³⁵ Consolations are uttered because Hashem is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people.
דַּאֲמִירָן בְּעָלְמָא, וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן:
which we utter in the world—and say Amein.
עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל וְעַל רַבָּנָן
Upon Yisrael, and upon our Sages,
וְעַל תַּלְמִידֵיהוֹן
and upon their disciples,
וְעַל כָּל תַּלְמִידֵי תַלְמִידֵיהוֹן,
and upon all the disciples of their disciples,
וְעַל כָּל מָאן דְּעָסְקִין בְּאוֹרַיְתָא,
and upon all those who engage in Torah study
דִּי בְאַתְרָא הָדֵין
in this land
וְדִי בְכָל אֲתַר וַאֲתַר,
and in every land.
יְהֵא לְהוֹן וּלְכוֹן
May there be unto them and unto you
שְׁלָמָא רַבָּא חִנָּא וְחִסְדָּא
abundant peace, favor, kindness,
וְרַחֲמִין וְחַיִּין אֲרִיכִין
compassion, long life,
וּמְזוֹנֵי רְוִיחֵי וּפוּרְקָנָא
ample sustenance and redemption
מִן קֳדָם אֲבוּהוֹן
from their Father
דְבִשְׁמַיָּא וְאַרְעָא
Who is in heaven and on earth,
וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן:
—and say Amein.
יְהֵא שְׁלָמָא רַבָּא מִן שְׁמַיָּא
May there be abundant peace from heaven
וְחַיִּים טוֹבִים
and a good life
עָלֵֽינוּ וְעַל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל
for us and for all Yisrael,
וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן:
—and say Amein.
עוֹשֶׂה הַשָּׁלוֹם
He Who makes the peace
בִּמְרוֹמָיו
in His high heavens
הוּא בְרַחֲמָיו יַעֲשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם
may He, in His mercy, make peace
עָלֵֽינוּ וְעַל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל
for us and for all Yisrael,
וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן:
—and say Amein.