Mishnah Kelim Chapter 2
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כְּלֵי עֵץ, וּכְלֵי עוֹר, וּכְלֵי עֶצֶם, וּכְלֵי זְכוּכִית, פְּשׁוּטֵיהֶן טְהוֹרִים, וּמְקַבְּלֵיהֶן טְמֵאִים. נִשְׁבְּרוּ, טָהָרוּ. חָזַר וְעָשָׂה מֵהֶם כֵּלִים, מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא. כְּלֵי חֶרֶס וּכְלֵי נֶתֶר, טֻמְאָתָן שָׁוָה. מִטַּמְּאִין וּמְטַמְּאִין בַּאֲוִיר, וּמִטַּמְּאִין מֵאֲחוֹרֵיהֶן, וְאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִגַּבֵּיהֶן, וּשְׁבִירָתָן הִיא טָהֳרָתָן:
Wooden vessels, leather vessels, bone vessels and glass vessels - their flat surfaces are pure and their concave surfaces are impure. If they break [and are impure], they become pure. If someone went back and made vessels from [the broken pieces], they can be rendered impure from then and onward. Clay vessels and lye vessels are equal in [the manner of their] impurity - they can be rendered and render [objects] impure in its interior space; and render impure by [contact] with its exterior, but do not become impure by [contact] from its outside; and their breaking [if they are impure] is their purification.
הַדַּקִּין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, וְקַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן, וְדָפְנוֹתֵיהֶן יוֹשְׁבִין שֶׁלֹּא מְסֻמָּכִין, שִׁעוּרָן, מִכְּדֵי סִיכַת קָטָן וְעַד לֹג. מִלֹּג וְעַד סְאָה, בִּרְבִיעִית. מִסְּאָה וְעַד סָאתַיִם, בַּחֲצִי לֹג. מִסָּאתַיִם וְעַד שָׁלֹשׁ וְעַד חָמֵשׁ סְאִין, בְּלֹג, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֲנִי אֵינִי נוֹתֵן בָּהֶן מִדָּה, אֶלָּא, הַדַּקִּין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, וְקַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן, וְדָפְנוֹתֵיהֶן יוֹשְׁבִין שֶׁלֹּא מְסֻמָּכִין, שִׁעוּרָן מִכְּדֵי סִיכַת קָטָן וְעַד קְדֵרוֹת הַדַּקּוֹת. מֵהַקְּדֵרוֹת הַדַּקּוֹת וְעַד חָבִיּוֹת לוּדִיּוֹת, בִּרְבִיעִית. מִלּוּדִיּוֹת וְעַד לַחְמִיּוֹת, בַּחֲצִי לֹג. מִלַּחְמִיּוֹת וְעַד חֲצָבִים גְּדוֹלִים, בְּלֹג. רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי אוֹמֵר, חֲצָבִים גְּדוֹלִים, שִׁעוּרָן בִּשְׁנֵי לֻגִּין. הַפַּכִּים הַגְּלִילִים וְהֶחָבִיּוֹנוֹת, שִׁעוּר קַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן כָּל שֶׁהֵן, וְאֵין לָהֶם דְּפָנוֹת:
The smaller clay vessels or their bottoms or their sides - [if they] sit upright without something to support them - their measurement [to be eligible for impurity] is enough [to store oil] to smear an infant. [This is in the case that these items only ever had the capacity of] up to a log (about a third of liter); from a log to a seah (slightly over eight liters), [the measurement required for eligibility] is a revi'it (about 86 cubic centimeters); from one seah to two seah, half a log; from two seah to three [or even] to five seah, a log - these are the words of Rabbi Yishmael. Rabbi Akiva says, "I do not give them a measurement [to determine what is required for eligibility], but rather the smaller clay vessels or their bottoms or their sides - [if they] sit upright without something to support them - their measurement is enough to smear an infant. [This is in the case that these items were ever only] up to a small pot; from small pots to Lyddean barrels, [the measurement required] is a revi'it; from Lyddean [barrels] to Bethlehemite ones, half a log; from Bethlehemite ones to large vats, a log." Rabban Yochanan be Zakkai says, "The measurement for large vats is two log." Gallilean jars and firkins - the [required measurement] of their bottoms is any bit, but they do not have sides [that can become impure by themselves].
הַטְּהוֹרִין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, טַבְלָה שֶׁאֵין לָהּ לִזְבֵּז, וּמַחְתָּה פְרוּצָה, וְאַבּוּב שֶׁל קַלָּאִין, וְסִילוֹנוֹת, אַף עַל פִּי כְפוּפִין אַף עַל פִּי מְקַבְּלִין, וְכַבְכָּב שֶׁעֲשָׂאוֹ לְסַל הַפַּת, וּטְפִי שֶׁהִתְקִינוֹ לָעֲנָבִים, וְחָבִית שֶׁל שַׁיָּטִין, וְחָבִית דְּפוּנָה בְשׁוּלֵי הַמַּחַץ, וְהַמִּטָּה, וְהַכִּסֵּא, וְהַסַּפְסָל, וְהַשֻּׁלְחָן, וְהַסְּפִינָה, וְהַמְּנוֹרָה שֶׁל חֶרֶס, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְהוֹרִים. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כֹּל שֶׁאֵין לוֹ תוֹךְ בִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, אֵין לוֹ אֲחוֹרָיִם:
The pure ones (that cannot be rendered impure) among clay vessels are: a tray that does not have a rim; a split poker; a roaster's rack; pipes - even though [they are] bent, [or] even though [they have sections that] accumulate; a cover that is made for a bread basket; jars that are designed [to cover] grapes; a sailor's [floating] barrel; inner barrels at the bottom of the crushing [vats]; a bed; a chair; a bench, a table; a boat; a clay lamp - behold, these are pure. This is the general principle - every clay vessel that does not have an interior does not have an exterior [that can become impure].
פַּנָּס שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ בֵית קִבּוּל שֶׁמֶן, טָמֵא. וְשֶׁאֵין בּוֹ, טָהוֹר. מְגוּפַת הַיּוֹצְרִין שֶׁהוּא פוֹתֵחַ בָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. וְשֶׁהוּא גוֹמֵר בָּהּ, טְמֵאָה. מַשְׁפֵּךְ שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָתִּים, טָהוֹר. וְשֶׁל רוֹכְלִין, טָמֵא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא שֶׁל מִדָּה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בְּתֵירָא. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מַטֵּהוּ עַל צִדּוֹ וּמֵרִיחַ בּוֹ לַלּוֹקֵחַ:
A lantern that has a receptacle for oil [can become] impure; and one that does not is pure. A mold of craftsmen - when he begins [his work] with it - it is pure; and when he finishes with it - it [can become] impure. A funnel of homeowners is pure; and of peddlers [can become] impure, because it is [used] for measurement. These are the words of Rabbi Yehuda ben Betira. Rabbi Akiva says, "Because he leans it on its side and has the customer smell from it."
כִּסּוּי כַּדֵּי יַיִן וְכַדֵּי שֶׁמֶן, וְכִסּוּי חָבִיוֹת נְיָרוֹת, טְהוֹרִין. וְאִם הִתְקִינוֹ לְתַשְׁמִישׁ, טְמֵאִים. כְּסוּי הַלְּפָס, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהוּא נָקוּב וְיֶשׁ לוֹ חִדּוּד, טָהוֹר. אִם אֵינוֹ נָקוּב וְאֵין לוֹ חִדּוּד, טָמֵא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא מְסַנֶּנֶת לְתוֹכוֹ אֶת הַיָּרָק. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בַּר צָדוֹק אוֹמֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא הוֹפֶכֶת עָלָיו אֶת הָרוּנְקִי:
The covers of wine jugs and oil jugs and covers of Nurean barrels are pure. But if they are made fit for usage [in their own right], they [can become] impure. A pan cover - when it is perforated or [its back] is pointed - is pure. If it is not perforated and does not have a pointed [back], it [can become] impure, because [a woman] strains the vegetable into it. Rabbi Eliezer bar Tsadok says, "Because she flips the vegetable concentrate onto it."
גִּסְטְרָא שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת בַּכִּבְשָׁן, עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִגְמְרָה מְלַאכְתָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. מִשֶּׁנִּגְמְרָה מְלַאכְתָּהּ, טְמֵאָה. טִיטְרוֹס, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בַּר צָדוֹק מְטַהֵר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַמֵּא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כְמוֹצִיא פְרוּטוֹת:
A chipped vessel found in the kiln - until its production is finished - is pure; from when its production is finished - it [can become] impure. A titros (a particular type of perforated vessel) - Rabbi Eliezer bar Tsadok determines it to be pure; Rabbi Yose determines it to be [able to become] impure because it releases [slowly].
הַטְּמֵאִין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, טַבְלָה שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהּ לִזְבֵּז, וּמַחְתָּה שְׁלֵמָה, וְטַבְלָה שֶׁהִיא מְלֵאָה קְעָרוֹת. נִטְמֵאת אַחַת מֵהֶם בְּשֶׁרֶץ, לֹא נִטְמְאוּ כֻלָּם. אִם יֶשׁ לָהּ לִזְבֵּז עוֹדֵף, נִטְמְאָה אַחַת מֵהֶם, נִטְמְאוּ כֻלָּן. וְכֵן בֵּית תְּבָלִין שֶׁל חֶרֶס, וְקַלְמָרִים הַמְּתֹאָמוֹת. וּבֵית תְּבָלִין שֶׁל עֵץ, שֶׁנִּטְמָא אֶחָד בְּמַשְׁקֶה, לֹא נִטְמָא חֲבֵרוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי אוֹמֵר, חוֹלְקִין אֶת עָבְיוֹ. הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ לַטָּמֵא, טָמֵא. הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ לַטָּהוֹר, טָהוֹר. אִם יֶשׁ לוֹ לִזְבֵּז עוֹדֵף, נִטְמָא אַחַד מֵהֶם, נִטְמָא חֲבֵרוֹ:
The impure ones (that can be rendered impure) among clay vessels are: a tray with a rim; a full (unsplit) poker; a tray full of pans (connected to it). If one of [the pans] is rendered impure by a crawling creature (sherets), not all of them became impure. If there is surplus to the lid (above the tops of the pans), if one of them became impure, they all became impure. And so [too] a spice-tray of clay and quillsets. And a spice-tray of wood in which one [compartment] became impure from a liquid, its fellow did not become impure. Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri says, "We divide its thickness - that [part] which serves the pure is pure and that which serves the impure is impure. If there is a surplus rim - if one [compartment] becomes impure, its fellow becomes impure.
הַלַּפִּיד, טָמֵא. וּבֵית שִׁקְעוֹ שֶׁל נֵר, מִטַּמֵּא בַאֲוִיר. הַמַּסְרֵק שֶׁל צַרְצוּר, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְטַהֵר, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין:
A lamphead [can become] impure. And the hollow of a lamp renders [objects] impure in its interior space. The comb of a holding vessel - Rabbi Eliezer determines it to be pure and the sages determine it to be [able to become] impure.