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Mishnah Negaim Chapter 13

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עֲשָׂרָה בָתִּים הֵן, הַכֵּהֶה בָרִאשׁוֹן, וְהַהוֹלֵךְ לוֹ, קוֹלְפוֹ וְהוּא טָהוֹר. הַכֵּהֶה בַשֵּׁנִי, וְהַהוֹלֵךְ לוֹ, קוֹלְפוֹ וְהוּא טָעוּן צִפֳּרִים. הַפּוֹשֶׂה בָרִאשׁוֹן, חוֹלֵץ וְקוֹצֶה וְטָח וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ שָׁבוּעַ. חָזַר, יִנָּתֵץ. לֹא חָזַר, טָעוּן צִפֳּרִים. עָמַד בָּרִאשׁוֹן וּפָשָׂה בַשֵּׁנִי, חוֹלֵץ וְקוֹצֶה וְטָח וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ שָׁבוּעַ. חָזַר, יִנָּתֵץ. לֹא חָזַר, טָעוּן צִפֳּרִים. עָמַד בָּזֶה וּבָזֶה, חוֹלֵץ וְקוֹצֶה וְטָח וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ שָׁבוּעַ. חָזַר, יִנָּתֵץ. לֹא חָזַר, טָעוּן צִפֳּרִים. אִם עַד שֶׁלֹּא טִהֲרוֹ בַצִּפֳּרִים נִרְאָה בוֹ נֶגַע, הֲרֵי זֶה יִנָּתֵץ. וְאִם מִשֶּׁטִּהֲרוֹ בַצִּפֳּרִים נִרְאָה בוֹ נֶגַע, יֵרָאֶה בַּתְּחִלָּה:

Sefaria Community Translation

There are ten [cases] of houses. If it dulls during the first [week] or goes away, he scrapes it off and it is pure. If it dulls during the second [week] or goes away, he scrapes it off and it requires [sacrificial] birds. If it spreads in the first [week], he removes, scrapes and plasters and gives it a week. If it returns, [the house] must be destroyed. If it does not return, it requires birds. If it stood [unchanged] after the first [week] and spread during the second [week], he removes, scrapes and plasters, and gives it a week. If it returned, the house must be destroyed. If it does not return, it requires birds. If it stood [unchanged] after this [first] and this [second week], he removes, scrapes, and plasters, and gives it a week. If it returns, the house must be destroyed. If it does not return, it requires birds. If before he purified it with birds the Nega [diseased patch on skin, clothes, or houses that creates impurity] reappeared, it must be destroyed. Once it has been purified with birds, if the Nega reappears, it should be examined as if in the beginning [of the Nega].

הָאֶבֶן שֶׁבַּזָּוִית, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהוּא חוֹלֵץ, חוֹלֵץ אֶת כֻּלּוֹ. וּבִזְמַן שֶׁהוּא נוֹתֵץ, נוֹתֵץ אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ וּמַנִּיחַ אֶת שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ. נִמְצָא חֹמֶר בַּחֲלִיצָה מִבַּנְּתִיצָה. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר, בַּיִת הַבָּנוּי רֹאשׁ וּפִתִּין, נִרְאָה בָרֹאשׁ, נוֹטֵל אֶת כֻּלּוֹ. נִרְאָה בַפִּתִּין, נוֹטֵל אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ וּמַנִּיחַ אֶת שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ:

Sefaria Community Translation

A cornerstone, when he removes it, is removed in its entirety, but when he destroys [the house], he destroys what belongs to him but leaves what belongs to his neighbor. We find a stringency in the case of removal beyond that of demolition. Rabbi Elazar says, a house built with a cross-beam and a king-beam, if it appeared on the cross-beam he must remove it all, if it appeared on the king-beam, he removes what belongs to him but leaves what belongs to his neighbor.

בַּיִת שֶׁנִּרְאָה בוֹ נֶגַע, הָיְתָה עֲלִיָּה עַל גַּבָּיו, נוֹתֵן אֶת הַקּוֹרוֹת לָעֲלִיָּה. נִרְאָה בָעֲלִיָּה, נוֹתֵן אֶת הַקּוֹרוֹת לַבָּיִת. לֹא הָיְתָה עֲלִיָּה עַל גַּבָּיו, אֲבָנָיו וְעֵצָיו וַעֲפָרוֹ נִתָּצִין עִמּוֹ. וּמַצִּיל עַל הַמַּלְבְּנִים, וְעַל שְׂרִיגֵי הַחַלּוֹנוֹת. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, מַלְבֵּן הַבָּנוּי עַל גַּבָּיו, נִתָּץ עִמּוֹ. אֲבָנָיו וְעֵצָיו וַעֲפָרוֹ מְטַמְּאִין בְּכַזַּיִת, רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר חִסְמָא אוֹמֵר, בְּמַה שֶּׁהֵן:

Sefaria Community Translation

A house upon which a Nega appeared that had an attic on top of it, the beams are considered part of the attic. If it appeared in the attic, the beams are considered part of the house. If there was no attic on top of it, its stones, wood and dirt are destroyed with it, but it saves the frames and the window lattices. Rabbi Yehuda says the frame built on top of it is destroyed with it. Its stones, wood, and dirt, make it impure with [the size of] an olive. Rabbi Elazar Chisma says, in whatever size they are.

בַּיִת הַמֻּסְגָּר, מְטַמֵּא מִתּוֹכוֹ. וְהַמֻּחְלָט, מִתּוֹכוֹ וּמֵאֲחוֹרָיו. זֶה וָזֶה מְטַמְּאִין בְּבִיאָה:

Sefaria Community Translation

A quarantined house causes impurity from its inside, and a [house] designated [to be destroyed] from its inside and from its outside. Both this and that [types of house] make one impure by entering it.

הַבּוֹנֶה מִן הַמֻּסְגָּר בְּטָהוֹר, וְחָזַר נֶגַע לַבַּיִת, חוֹלֵץ אֶת הָאֲבָנִים. חָזַר עַל הָאֲבָנִים, הַבַּיִת הָרִאשׁוֹן יִנָּתֵץ, וְהָאֲבָנִים יְשַׁמְּשׁוּ אֶת הַבַּיִת הַשֵּׁנִי בְּסִימָנִין:

Sefaria Community Translation

One who builds a pure house [with bricks] from a quarantined house, and the Nega returned to the house, he removes those stones. If it returned to the stones, the first house should be destroyed and the new stones should serve as indicators for the second house.

בַּיִת שֶׁהוּא מֵסֵךְ עַל גַּבֵּי בַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע, וְכֵן אִילָן שֶׁהוּא מֵסֵךְ עַל גַּבֵּי בַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע, הַנִּכְנָס לַחִיצוֹן, טָהוֹר, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה. אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, מָה אִם אֶבֶן אַחַת מִמֶּנּוּ מְטַמָּא בְּבִיאָה, הוּא עַצְמוֹ לֹא יְטַמֵּא בְּבִיאָה:

Sefaria Community Translation

A house that extends over a house with a Nega, and similarly a tree that extends over a house with a Nega, one who enters the outer one is pure, says Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah. Rabbi Elazar said, if one of its stones causes one to become impure by entering, should not [the whole house] itself make one impure by entering?!

הַטָּמֵא עוֹמֵד תַּחַת הָאִילָן וְהַטָּהוֹר עוֹבֵר, טָמֵא. הַטָּהוֹר עוֹמֵד תַּחַת הָאִילָן וְהַטָּמֵא עוֹבֵר, טָהוֹר. אִם עָמַד, טָמֵא. וְכֵן בְּאֶבֶן הַמְנֻגַּעַת, טָהוֹר. וְאִם הִנִּיחָהּ, הֲרֵי זֶה טָמֵא:

Sefaria Community Translation

If an impure person is standing under a tree and a pure person passes [under that tree], he becomes impure. If a pure person is standing under a tree and an impure person passes [under the tree], he remains pure, but if he [the impure person] stood [under the tree], he would become impure. Similarly in the case of a stone with a Nega, [if it passes under] he remains pure, but if he laid it down, he would become impure.

טָהוֹר שֶׁהִכְנִיס רֹאשׁוֹ וְרֻבּוֹ לְבַיִת טָמֵא, נִטְמָא. וְטָמֵא שֶׁהִכְנִיס רֹאשׁוֹ וְרֻבּוֹ לְבַיִת טָהוֹר, טִמְּאָהוּ. טַלִּית טְהוֹרָה שֶׁהִכְנִיס מִמֶּנָּה שָׁלשׁ עַל שָׁלשׁ לְבַיִת טָמֵא, נִטְמְאָה. וּטְמֵאָה שֶׁהִכְנִיס מִמֶּנָּה אֲפִלּוּ כַזַּיִת לְבַיִת טָהוֹר, טִמְּאַתּוּ:

Sefaria Community Translation

A pure person who extended his head and most of his body into an impure house becomes impure. An impure person who extends his head and most of his body into a pure house makes it [the house] impure. A pure cloak of which a three-by-three [finger-length] piece entered an impure house becomes impure. [If it was] an impure [cloak], if he extended even the volume of an olive [of it] into a pure house, it makes [the house] impure.

מִי שֶׁנִּכְנַס לְבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע וְכֵלָיו עַל כְּתֵפוֹ וְסַנְדָּלָיו וְטַבְּעוֹתָיו בְּיָדָיו, הוּא וָהֵן טְמֵאִין מִיָּד. הָיָה לָבוּשׁ בְּכֵלָיו וְסַנְדָּלָיו בְּרַגְלָיו וְטַבְּעוֹתָיו בְּיָדָיו, הוּא טָמֵא מִיָּד, וְהֵן טְהוֹרִין עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁהֶה כְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס. פַּת חִטִּין וְלֹא פַת שְׂעֹרִים, מֵסֵב וְאוֹכְלָן בְּלִפְתָּן:

Sefaria Community Translation

One who enters a house with a Nega and has clothing on his shoulders and his sandals and rings are in his hands, he and all of them become impure immediately. If he was wearing his clothes and his sandals were on his feet and his rings were in his hands, he becomes impure immediately, and they are pure until he stays there long enough to eat half a loaf of bread, wheat bread and not barley bread, while leaning and eating with a condiment.

הָיָה עוֹמֵד בִּפְנִים וּפָשַׁט יָדוֹ לַחוּץ וְטַבְּעוֹתָיו בְּיָדָיו, אִם שָׁהָה כְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס, טְמֵאוֹת. הָיָה עוֹמֵד בַּחוּץ וּפָשַׁט יָדוֹ לִפְנִים וְטַבְּעוֹתָיו בְּיָדָיו, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַמֵּא מִיָּד. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁהֶה כְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס. אָמְרוּ לוֹ לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה, מָה אִם בִּזְמַן שֶׁכָּל גּוּפוֹ טָמֵא, לֹא טִמֵּא אֶת מַה שֶּׁעָלָיו עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁהֶה כְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס, בִּזְמַן שֶׁאֵין כָּל גּוּפוֹ טָמֵא, אֵינוֹ דִין שֶׁלֹּא יְטַמֵּא אֶת מַה שֶּׁעָלָיו עַד שֶׁיִּשְׁהֶה כְדֵי אֲכִילַת פְּרָס:

Sefaria Community Translation

If he was standing inside and he extended his hand outside and his rings were in his hands, if he remained there long enough to eat half a loaf of bread, they are impure. If he was standing outside and extended his hand inside and his rings were in his hands, Rabbi Yehuda declares him impure immediately but the Sages say, until he remains long enough to eat half a loaf of bread. They said to Rabbi Yehuda, "If when his entire body is impure, things that are on him only become impure if he remains long enough to eat half a loaf of bread, when his whole body is not impure should not what is on him certainly not become impure until he remains long enough to eat half a loaf?"

מְצֹרָע שֶׁנִּכְנַס לְבַיִת, כָּל הַכֵּלִים שֶׁיֶּשׁ שָׁם טְמֵאִין, אֲפִלּוּ עַד הַקּוֹרוֹת. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, עַד אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. כֵּלִים, מִיָּד טְמֵאִין. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִם שָׁהָה כְדֵי הַדְלָקַת הַנֵּר:

Sefaria Community Translation

A leper who enters a house, all of the vessels within it become impure even up to the beams. Rabbi Shimon says, [only] up to four cubits. The vessels become impure immediately. Rabbi Yehuda says, not until he stays long enough to light a candle.

נִכְנַס לְבֵית הַכְּנֶסֶת, עוֹשִׂים לוֹ מְחִצָּה גְבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים עַל רֹחַב אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. נִכְנָס רִאשׁוֹן, וְיוֹצֵא אַחֲרוֹן. כֹּל הַמַּצִּיל צָמִיד פָּתִיל בְּאֹהֶל הַמֵּת, מַצִּיל צָמִיד פָּתִיל בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע. וְכֹל הַמַּצִּיל מְכֻסֶּה בְאֹהֶל הַמֵּת, מַצִּיל מְכֻסֶּה בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, כֹּל הַמַּצִּיל צָמִיד פָּתִיל בְּאֹהֶל הַמֵּת, מַצִּיל מְכֻסֶּה בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע. כֹּל הַמַּצִּיל מְכֻסֶּה בְאֹהֶל הַמֵּת, אֲפִלּוּ מְגֻלֶּה בְּבַיִת הַמְנֻגָּע, טָהוֹר:

Sefaria Community Translation

If he enters a synagogue, they make for him a wall ten Tefachim [specific unit of length] high by four Tefachim wide. He enters first and exits last. Anything that is saved by a seal in the tent of a dead person is saved by a seal in a house with a Nega. Whatever is saved by being covered in the tent of a dead person is saved by being covered in a house with a Nega, says Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yossi says, Anything that is saved by a seal in the tent of a dead person is saved by being covered in a house with a Nega. Whatever is saved by being covered in the tent of a dead person, even if it is uncovered in a house with a Nega, remains pure.

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