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Mishnah Oholot Chapter 11

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הַבַּיִת שֶׁנִּסְדַּק, טֻמְאָה בַחוּץ, כֵּלִים שֶׁבִּפְנִים טְהוֹרִין. טֻמְאָה בִפְנִים, כֵּלִים שֶׁבַּחוּץ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא בַסֶּדֶק אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, כָּל שֶׁהוּא. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם בֵּית הִלֵּל, פּוֹתֵחַ טָפַח:

Sefaria Community Translation

If a house was cracked, if there is impurity outside, vessels that are inside are pure. If there is impurity inside, vessels that are outside, Beit Shammai says [they are pure] unless the crack is four handbreadths wide, but Beit Hillel says any size[d crack]. Rabbi Yosi says in the name of the House of Hillel that it must be a handbreadth's space.

אַכְסַדְרָה שֶׁנִּסְדְּקָה, טֻמְאָה בְצַד זֶה, כֵּלִים שֶׁבַּצַּד הַשֵּׁנִי טְהוֹרִים. נָתַן אֶת רַגְלוֹ אוֹ קָנֶה מִלְמַעְלָן, עֵרֵב אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. נָתַן אֶת הַקָּנֶה בָאָרֶץ, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה, עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה גָבֹהַּ מִן הָאָרֶץ פּוֹתֵחַ טָפַח:

Sefaria Community Translation

If a colonnade was cracked, if there is impurity on one side [of the crack], vessels on the other side are pure. If he put his foot or a reed on top of it, he has combined the impurity. If he placed the reed on the ground, he does not spread the impurity, until it is at least a handbreadth above the ground.

סָגוֹס עָבֶה וְכֹפֶת עָבֶה אֵינָן מְבִיאִין אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ גְבוֹהִים מִן הָאָרֶץ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח. קְפוּלִים, זוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי זוֹ, אֵינָן מְבִיאוֹת אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה עַד שֶׁתְּהֵא הָעֶלְיוֹנָה גְבוֹהָה מִן הָאָרֶץ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח. הָיָה אָדָם נָתוּן שָׁם, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אָדָם חָלוּל הוּא, וְהַצַּד הָעֶלְיוֹן מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה:

Sefaria Community Translation

A thick coat and a thick block do not spread impurity until they are a handbreadth above the ground. Folded garments on top of each other do not spread impurity until the top one is a handbreadth above the ground. If there was a person placed there,Beit Shammai says he does not spread the impurity but Beit Hillel says, a person is hollow and therefore the upper part spreads impurity.

הָיָה מַשְׁקִיף בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן וְהֶאֱהִיל עַל קוֹבְרֵי הַמֵּת, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וּמוֹדִים, שֶׁאִם הָיָה לָבוּשׁ בְּכֵלָיו, אוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ שְׁנַיִם זֶה עַל גַּבֵּי זֶה, שֶׁהֵם מְבִיאִין אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה:

Sefaria Community Translation

If he was looking out a window and he overshadowed people who bury dead bodies, Beit Shammai say, he does not spread impurity, but Beit Hillel say he does spread impurity. And they agree that if he was wearing his clothing or if there were two above each other, they spread impurity.

הָיָה מֻטָּל עַל הָאַסְקֻפָּה וְהֶאֱהִילוּ עָלָיו קוֹבְרֵי הַמֵּת, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה:

Sefaria Community Translation

If he was lying on the threshold and he overshadowed people who bury dead bodies, Beit Shammai say he does not spread impurity, but Beit Hillel say he does spread impurity.

הַטֻּמְאָה בַבַּיִת וְהֶאֱהִילוּ עָלָיו טְהוֹרִין, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי מְטַהֲרִין, וּבֵית הִלֵּל מְטַמְּאִין:

Sefaria Community Translation

If the impurity was in a house and pure people overshadowed it,Beit Shammai say they are pure, but Beit Hillel say they are impure.

כֶּלֶב שֶׁאָכַל בְּשַׂר הַמֵּת וּמֵת הַכֶּלֶב וּמֻטָּל עַל הָאַסְקֻפָּה, רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, אִם יֵשׁ בְּצַוָּארוֹ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח, מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינוֹ מֵבִיא אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, רוֹאִין אֶת הַטֻּמְאָה, מִכְּנֶגֶד הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְלִפְנִים, הַבַּיִת טָמֵא. מִכְּנֶגֶד הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְלַחוּץ, הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, פִּיו לִפְנִים, הַבַּיִת טָהוֹר. פִּיו לַחוּץ, הַבַּיִת טָמֵא, שֶׁהַטֻּמְאָה יוֹצֵאת דֶּרֶךְ שׁוּלָיו. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בְּתֵירָא אוֹמֵר, בֵּין כָּךְ וּבֵין כָּךְ, הַבַּיִת טָמֵא. כַּמָּה תִשְׁהֶה בְמֵעָיו. שְׁלשָׁה יָמִים מֵעֵת לְעֵת. בְּעוֹפוֹת וּבְדָגִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּפֹּל לָאוּר וְתִשָּׂרֵף, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בְּתֵירָא אוֹמֵר, בְּעוֹפוֹת וּבְדָגִים, מֵעֵת לְעֵת:

Sefaria Community Translation

A dog who ate the flesh of a dead body, and the dog died and was lying on the threshold, Rabbi Meir says, if his neck has a space that is a handbreadth he spreads the impurity, but if not he does not spread the impurity. Rabbi Yosi says we check the impurity, [if it is found] from the threshold and inside, the house is impure, [if found] from the threshold and out, the house is pure. Rabbi Elazar says if his mouth faces to the inside, the house is pure, but if it faces to the outside, the house is impure, since the impurity leaves by way of his rear. Rabbi Yehuda Ben Betaira says in either case the house is impure. How long does it stay in his innards? Three days from the time [of day it was eaten] to that time [of day three days later]. By birds and fish, long enough for it to fall in the fire and be burned, says Rabbi Shimon. Rabbi Yehuda ben Betaira says by birds and fish it is from the time [of day it was eaten] to that time [of day one day later].

הֶחָדוּת שֶׁבַּבַּיִת וּמְנוֹרָה בְתוֹכוֹ, וְהַפֶּרַח שֶׁלָּהּ יוֹצֵא וּכְפִישָׁה נְתוּנָה עָלָיו, שֶׁאִם תִּנָּטֵל הַמְּנוֹרָה וּכְפִישָׁה עוֹמֶדֶת עַל פִּי הֶחָדוּת, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, הֶחָדוּת טָהוֹר, וּמְנוֹרָה טְמֵאָה. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אַף הַמְּנוֹרָה טְהוֹרָה. וּמוֹדִים, שֶׁאִם תִּנָּטֵל הַמְּנוֹרָה וּכְפִישָׁה נוֹפֶלֶת, הַכֹּל טָמֵא:

Sefaria Community Translation

If a cistern was in a house and a candlestick was inside it and its flower-shaped ornament was sticking out and a basket [which is unable to become impure] was placed over it in a way that if the candlestick would be taken out the basket would stand on the mouth of the cistern, the House of Shammai say the cistern is pure but the candlestick is impure. The House of Hillel say even the candlestick is pure. And they agree that [if the basket was placed in a way that] if the candlestick would be taken out the basket would fall, everything is impure.

כֵּלִים שֶׁבֵּין שִׂפְתֵי כְפִישָׁה לְבֵין שִׂפְתֵי הֶחָדוּת, אֲפִלּוּ עַד הַתְּהוֹם, טְהוֹרִים. טֻמְאָה שָׁם, הַבַּיִת טָמֵא. טֻמְאָה בַבַּיִת, כֵּלִים שֶׁבְּכָתְלֵי הֶחָדוּת, אִם יֵשׁ בִּמְקוֹמָן טֶפַח עַל טֶפַח עַל רוּם טֶפַח, טְהוֹרִים. וְאִם לָאו, טְמֵאִים. אִם הָיוּ כָתְלֵי הֶחָדוּת רְחָבִים מִשֶּׁל בַּיִת, בֵּין כָּךְ וּבֵין כָּךְ טְהוֹרִים:

Sefaria Community Translation

Vessels that are between the rims of a basket and the rims of a cistern, even until the depths, they are pure. If there was impurity there, the house would be impure. If there was impurity in the house, vessels in the walls of the cistern, if there was in their place a space that is a handbreadth by a handbreadth by a handbreadth height, they are pure, but if not they are impure. If the walls of the cistern were thicker than the house, in either case they are pure.

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