The entire community of Bnei Yisroel came to the wilderness of Tzin, in the first month. The people settled in Kodeish, and Miriam died and was buried there.

Then came the children of Yisra᾽el, the whole congregation, into the desert of Żin in the first month: and the people abode in Qadesh, and Miryam died there, and was buried there.

And the children of Israel came, the entire congregation [i.e., the "intact" congregation (those who were condemned to die in the desert having already expired)], to the desert of Tzin on the first month. And the people dwelt in Kadesh, and Miriam died there [(her death being juxtaposed with the section of the red heifer to teach that just as sacrifices atone, so does the death of the righteous)] [("And Miriam died there") by the mouth of the L-rd" (the "Divine kiss") as Aaron (33:38) (Scripture avoids explicit mention of this in the instance of a woman)], and she was buried there.

There was no water for the community, and they assembled against Moshe and Aharon.

And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moshe and against Aharon.

And there was no water for the congregation [(whence it is seen that all forty years they had "the well" in Miriam's merit)], and they banded against Moses and against Aaron.

The people quarreled with Moshe and said, “Would that we had died by our brothers’ death before Adonoy.

And the people quarrelled with Moshe, and spoke, saying, Would that we had died when our brethren died before the Lord!

And the people strove with Moses, saying: Would that we had died by the death of our brothers [(i.e., by pestilence)] before the L-rd [(and not by thirst, a sorer death)]

Why did you bring the congregation of Adonoy into this wilderness for us and our livestock to die there?

And why have you brought up the congregation of the Lord into this wilderness, that we and our cattle should die there?

And why did you bring the congregation of the L-rd to this desert, to die there, we and our kine!

Why did you take us out of Egypt and bring us to this terrible place? It is not a place for seed, figs, grapes, or pomegranates; and there is no water to drink!”

And why have you made us come up out of Miżrayim, to bring us in unto this evil place? it is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates; nor is there any water to drink.

And why did you take us up out of Egypt to bring us to this evil place? It is not a place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates, and there is no water to drink.

Moshe and Aharon moved away from the assembly to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, and fell on their faces; the glory of Adonoy appeared to them.

And Moshe and Aharon went from the presence of the assembly to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and they fell upon their faces: and the glory of the Lord appeared to them.

And Moses and Aaron came away from before the congregation to the door of the tent of meeting, and they fell on their faces, and the glory of the L-rd appeared to them.

Adonoy spoke to Moshe, saying.

And the Lord spoke to Moshe, saying,

And the L-rd spoke to Moses, saying:

“Take the staff and assemble the community, you and Aharon your brother, and speak to the rock in their presence that it may give forth its water; you will then bring forth for them water from the rock, and give drink [to] the community and their livestock.”

Take the rod, and gather the assembly together, thou, and Aharon thy brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth its water, and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt give the congregation and their beasts drink.

Take the staff and assemble the congregation, you and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, and it will give its waters, and bring forth water for them from the rock, and give drink to the congregation and their kine [(whence it is seen that the Holy One Blessed be He is solicitous for the possessions of Israel)].

Moshe took the staff from before Adonoy, as He instructed him.

And Moshe took the rod from before the Lord, as he commanded him.

And Moses took the staff from before the L-rd as He had commanded him.

Moshe and Aharon assembled the community before the rock; [Moshe] said to them, “Listen, you rebels! Can we extract water from this rock for you?”

And Moshe and Aharon gathered the congregation together before the rock, and he said to them, Hear now, you rebels; shall we fetch you water out of this rock?

And Moses and Aaron assembled the congregation before the rock, and he said to them: Hear, now, you fractious ones: Shall we bring forth water for you from this rock [which has not been designated by the L-rd]!

And Moshe raised his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice; water rushed out abundantly, and the community and their livestock drank.

And Moshe lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.

And Moses lifted his hand and smote the rock with his staff twice, [for at first it had issued forth only drops, Moses not having been commanded to strike it but to speak to it (They had spoken to a different rock before, which had emitted nothing, whereupon they conjectured that perhaps they should strike it, as before (Exodus 17:6), whereupon the intended rock presented itself to them, and he struck it)], and much water came out, and the congregation drank, and their kine.

Adonoy said to Moshe and Aharon, “Because you did not believe in Me to sanctify Me in the presence of Bnei Yisroel; therefore, you will not bring this congregation into the land that I have given them.”

And the Lord spoke to Moshe and Aharon, Because you did not believe in me, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Yisra᾽el, therefore you shall not bring this congregation in to the land which I have given them.

And the L-rd said to Moses and to Aaron: Because you did not believe in Me to sanctify Me before the eyes of the children of Israel [(for had you just spoken to the rock, and not struck it, they would have reasoned: Now if this rock, which does not speak, and does not hear, and does not require sustenance heeds G-d's word, how much more should we do so!)], therefore, [I swear (G-d "hastening" to swear, to ward off imploration)]: You shall not bring this congregation to the land which I have given them.

They are the waters of dispute where Bnei Yisroel contended with Adonoy, and He was sanctified through them.

This is the water of Meriva; because the children of Yisra᾽el strove with the Lord, and he was sanctified by them.

These are the waters of Merivah (contention) [intimated elsewhere (Exodus 1:22), Pharaoh's astrologers foreseeing the Jewish savior's undoing by water (and erroneously "positing" the Nile as the water)], whereby the children of Israel contended with the L-rd, and He was sanctified through them, [Moses and Aaron dying thereby (and the people being struck with awe of the L-rd)].

Moshe sent emissaries from Kodeish to the King of Edom (saying), “This is what your brother Yisroel declares; you know of all the hardship that we have encountered.

And Moshe sent messengers from Qadesh to the king of Edom, Thus says thy brother Yisra᾽el, Thou knowst all the travail that has befallen us:

And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh to the king of Edom. Thus said your brother, Israel [(We are both the sons of Abraham, and the "debt" to Pharaoh (Genesis 15:13) devolved upon both of us)]: You knew [of] all of the travail that has befallen us. [Your father Esau separated from his brother Jacob to avoid the payment of the debt (Ibid. 36:6), and he cast it all upon him.]

Our forefathers went down to Egypt and we remained in Egypt for a long time; the Egyptians mistreated us and our forefathers.

how our fathers went down into Miżrayim, and we have dwelt in Miżrayim a long time; and Miżrayim vexed us, and our fathers:

And our fathers went down to Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt many days, and Egypt wrought evil unto us [(we suffered many afflictions)], and to our fathers [— whence it is seen that the patriarchs suffer in the grave when afflictions befall Israel.]

Then we cried out to Adonoy, and He heard our voice, He sent an emissary and led us out of Egypt; now we are in Kodeish, a city at the edge of your border.

and when we cried to the Lord, he heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us out of Miżrayim: and, behold, we are in Qadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border:

And we cried out to the L-rd, and He hearkened to our voice [(in fulfillment of the blessing "the voice is the voice of Jacob" (Genesis 27:22)], and He sent an angel [Moses (whence it is seen that the prophets are called "angels")], and He took us out of Egypt, and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city at the edge of your boundary.

Please let us pass through your land, we will not pass through any field or vineyard, and we will not drink well water; we will travel by the king’s road, we will not turn aside to the right or left, until we have passed through your territory.”

let us pass, I pray thee, through thy country: we will not pass through the fields, or through the vineyards, nor will we drink of the water of the wells: we will go by the king’s highway, we will not turn to the right hand or to the left, until we have passed thy borders.

Let us pass, I pray you through your land [(As you have not paid the "debt," you have no claim to Eretz Yisrael; give us some assistance, then, in allowing us to pass through your land.)] We shall not pass through field or vineyard and we shall not drink the water of a well [i.e., the well that accompanies us; but we shall buy food and drink from you, though we have food (manna) and drink of our own (whence it is derived that though one has what he requires, he should supply some trade for his host.)] We shall go by the king's way. We shall not turn right or left until we have passed your boundaries. [We muzzle our beasts, and they shall not turn aside to eat of what is yours.]

Edom responded, “You shall not pass through me (my land), lest I go out against you with the sword!”

And Edom said to him, Thou shalt not pass by me, lest I come out against thee with the sword.

And Edom said to him: Do not pass through me, lest I go out against you with the sword [(in fulfillment of the blessing to me (Genesis 27:40): "And by your sword shall you live" (see 16 above)].

Bnei Yisroel said, “We will go up by the highway, and if we or our cattle drink your water we will pay for it, it is just nothing, we only want to pass through on foot.”

And the children of Yisra᾽el said to him, We will go by the highway: and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I will pay for it: I will do thee no injury, only on foot will I pass through.

And the children of Israel said to him: By the main road shall we go up. And if we drink your water, I and my herds, I shall give its price. Nothing shall harm you; on my feet shall I pass through.

Then (Edom) responded, “Do not pass through!” Edom came to confront [Bnei Yisroel] with a massive number of people and a strong hand.

And he said, Thou shalt not go through. And Edom came out against him with much people, and with a strong hand.

And he said: You shall not pass through. And Edom went out against him with a large host and with a strong hand [(in the assurance of (Genesis 22:22): "And the hands are the hands of Esau."]

Edom refused to allow Yisroel to pass through its territory, and Yisroel turned aside from him.

Thus Edom refused to give Yisra᾽el passage through his border: so that Yisra᾽el turned away from him.

And Edom refused to allow Israel to pass through his boundary; and Israel turned away from him.

They traveled from Kodeish, and the entire community of Bnei Yisroel came to Mount Hor.

And they journeyed from Qadesh, and the children of Yisra᾽el, the whole congregation came to mount Hor.

And they journeyed from Kadesh, and the children of Israel came, all of the congregation [(all of them fit and ready to enter Eretz Yisrael, all of those upon whom it had been decreed not to enter having already died)] to Hor Hahar ["the mountain atop a mountain" (like one apple atop another)].

Adonoy spoke to Moshe and Aharon at Mount Hor, at the border of the land of Edom, saying.

And the Lord spoke to Moshe and Aharon in mount Hor, by the border of the land of Edom, saying,

And the L-rd said to Moses and to Aaron in Hor Hahar on the boundary of the land of Edom [(Because they sought here to "come close" to the wicked Esau (Edom), "a breach was made in their works" (Aaron died)], saying:

“Aharon will now be gathered (die) to his people, for he shall not enter the land that I have given to Bnei Yisroel, because you defied My word at the waters of dispute.

Aharon shall be gathered to his people: for he shall not enter into the land which I have given to the children of Yisra᾽el, because you rebelled against my word at the water of Meriva.

Let Aaron be gathered to his people, for he will not come to the land that I have given to the children of Israel, because you rebelled against My word at the waters of Merivah.

Take Aharon and his son Elozor, and bring them up to Mount Hor.

Take Aharon and El῾azar his son, and bring them up to mount Hor:

Take Aaron and Elazar his son ["Take him" with words of consolation — "Happy are you to see your crown (of high-priesthood) given to your son" (something which I have not merited)], and bring them up to Hor Hahar.

Remove Aharon’s vestments and dress his son Elozor in them; Aharon will be gathered in and die there.”

and strip Aharon of his garments, and put them upon El῾azar his son: and Aharon shall be gathered to his people, and shall die there.

And strip Aaron of his garments [of the high-priesthood (with which he had clothed him)] and clothe Elazar his son in them, and Aaron shall be gathered in and he shall die there.

Moshe did as Adonoy commanded; and they went up Mount Hor in the presence of the entire community.

And Moshe did as the Lord commanded: and they went up to mount Hor in the sight of all the congregation.

And Moses did as the L-rd commanded [(Though it was difficult for him to do so, he did not hesitate)], and they went up to Hor Hahar before the eyes of the entire congregation.

Moshe then removed Aharon’s vestments and dressed Aharon’s son, Elozor, in them; Aharon died there on top of the mountain, and Moshe and Elozor descended from the mountain.

And Moshe stripped Aharon of his garments, and put them upon El῾azar his son; and Aharon died there in the top of the mount: and Moshe and El῾azar came down from the mountain.

And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments and he clothed Elazar his son in them, and Aaron died there on the top of the mountain, and Moses and Elazar descended from the mountain.

The entire community saw that Aharon died; and they wept for Aharon thirty days, the entire house of Yisroel.

And when all the congregation saw that Aharon was dead, they mourned for Aharon, thirty days, all the house of Yisra᾽el.

And all the congregation saw that Aaron had died [(They could not believe that Aaron, who had prevailed against the angel of death and stayed the plague (17:12), could be killed by him, until they were shown a vision of Aaron lying upon the bier)], and they mourned Aaron for thirty days, all the house of Israel [(both men and women, for Aaron would "pursue" peace and settle differences between disputants and between husbands and wives.)]