Rashi on I Samuel Chapter 19
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לְיַד אָבִי. סָמוּךְ לְאָבִי, איינשיי״ש בלע״ז:
Next to my father. Near my father; en ses aises in O.F.
וַתִּקַּח מִיכַל. כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יָבִינוּ שֶׁבָּרַח וְיִרְדְּפוּ אַחֲרָיו:
Michal took. So that they would not realize that he fled, and pursue him.
אֶת הַתְּרָפִים. עֲשׂוּיִים בִּדְמוּת גּוּף אָדָם:
A manlike figure. Made in the likeness of a human body.
כְּבִיר הָעִזִּים. עוֹר מֻפְשָׁט שָׁלֵם כְּחֵמֶת, פלוצי״ל בלע״ז:
A goatskin. A hide skinned in one piece, like a skin bottle. Flocele in O.F.
שָׂמָה מְרַאֲשֹׁתָיו. לְפִי שֶׁאֵין לַתְּרָפִים שֵׂעָר, וְזֶה דּוֹמֶה לִשְׂעַר אָדָם:
She put…at its head. Because the manlike figure has no hair, and this resembles human hair.
הוּא אָמַר אֵלַי וְגוֹ׳. אַתָּה מְסַרְתַּנִי בְּיַד לִסְטִים אֶחָד, שָׁלַף חַרְבּוֹ עָלַי עַד שֶׁשִּׁלַּחְתִּיו:
He said to me… You delivered me into the hands of a bandit.¹ He drew his sword at me until I let him leave.
footnotes: ¹ She placed the blame for Dovid’s escape on Shaul.
בְּנָיוֹת. (תרגום:) ״בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא״:
In Nayos. In the house of study.²
footnotes: ² Radak explains that נָיוֹת is derived from the word נָוֶה [=beauty], referring to the Beis Hamikdosh, which is the beauty of the world. They were sitting in Romoh engaged and seeking a location for the Beis Hamikdosh, the beauty of the world.
לַהֲקַת. (תרגום:) ״סִיעַת״:
A group of. A company.³
footnotes: ³ The letters לַהֲקַת are transposed from קהלת [=a group or company]; קָהָל includes the entire group and חֶבֶל [Above 10:5] means only part of the group—Malbim.
וַיִּפְשַׁט גַּם הוּא בְּגָדָיו. בִּגְדֵי מַלְכוּת, לִלְבּוֹשׁ בִּגְדֵי הַתַּלְמִידִים:
He too removed his garments. His royal garments, to put on his students' garments.
וַיִּפֹּל עָרֹם. וּנְפַל בִּרְשַׁן, תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: ״וּנְפַל עַרְטִילַאי״. וּבְשֵׁם רַבִּי מְנַחֵם שֶׁשָּׁמַע מִפִּי עֲרָבִי אֶחָד: ׳בִּרְשַׁן׳ בִּלְשׁוֹן עֲרָבִי מְשֻׁגָּע:
He fell down stripped. Targum Yonoson renders וּנְפַל בִּרְשַׁן 'and he fell naked.' And in the name of R. Menachem, who heard from an Arab, בִּרְשָׁן in Arabic [means] insane.