Rashi on Jeremiah Chapter 36
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עָצוּר. בְּבֵית הַכֶּלֶא:
imprisoned in the jail.
פֶּתַח שַׁעַר בֵּית ה׳ הֶחָדָשׁ. הוּא שַׁעַר הַמִּזְרָחִי, כֵּן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן:
the new gate That is the Eastern Gate; so did Jonathan translate.
הַגֵּיד נַגִּיד לַמֶּלֶךְ. אוּלַי יִשְׁמַע:
“We will surely tell the king” Perhaps he will hear.
חָצֵרָה. אֶל הֶחָצֵר. כָּל תֵּיבָה שֶׁצְּרִיכָה לָמֶ״ד בִּתְחִלָּתָהּ, הִטִּיל לָהּ הֵ״א בְּסוֹפָהּ (יבמות יג:):
to the court Heb. חצרה, equivalent to אל החצר. Every word that requires a ‘lammed’ in the beginning Scripture placed a ‘heh’ at its end.
וְאֶת הָאָח. פֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (שבת כ.): עֵצִים; עַל שֵׁם שֶׁנִּדְלָקִים בְּאַחְוָה (כְּלוֹמַר שֶׁנִּדְלָקִים זֶה מִזֶּה כְּאַחִים שֶׁמְּהַנִּים זֶה לָזֶה סא״א). וּלְפִי פְשׁוּטוֹ מַשְׁמַע שֶׁהוּא כְּלִי שֶׁמְּבַעֲרִין עָלָיו אוּר לִפְנֵי הַשָּׂרִים:
and the brazier Heb. האח. Our Rabbis (Shabbath 21a) defined it as wood, called so because they burn with brotherhood. (That is to say that they are ignited one from the other, like brothers, who benefit each other. Omitted in other editions.) And according to its simple meaning, it appears that it is a vessel upon which they kindle fire before the princes.
שָׁלֹשׁ דְּלָתוֹת. רַבּוֹתֵינוּ אָמְרוּ (מועד קטן כו.): מְגִלַּת קִינוֹת הָיְתָה, קָרְאוּ לְפָנָיו ״אֵיכָה״, ״בָּכֹה תִבְכֶּה״, ״גָּלְתָה יְהוּדָה״, ״דַּרְכֵי צִיּוֹן אֲבֵלוֹת״ (איכה א:א-ד) – בְּכָל זֶה לֹא חָשׁ, אָמַר: אֲנִי מֶלֶךְ עַל הַנּוֹתָרִים; כֵּיוָן שֶׁקָּרָא ״הָיוּ צָרֶיהָ לְרֹאשׁ״ (איכה א:ה), אָמַר: מֵעַכְשָׁיו אֵינִי מֶלֶךְ; מִיָּד וַיִּקְרָעֶהָ בְּתַעַר הַסֹּפֵר:
three...verses Our Rabbis (Moed Katan 26a) stated. This was the Scroll of Lamentations. They read before him, (1:1) “How...(:2) She weeps...(ibid. 3) Judah has been exiled...(ibid. 4) The roads of Zion are mournful.” Despite all this, he was not troubled. He said, “I am the king over the survivors.” As soon as he read (ibid. 5), Her adversaries have become the head,” he said, “From now on, I am [no longer] the king.” Immediately, he rent it with a scribe’s razor.
יִקְרָעֶהָ. כְּמוֹ קְרָעָהּ:
he rent Heb. יקרעה, like קְרָעָה.
הִפְגִּיעוּ. הִתְחַנְּנוּ:
entreated Heb. הפגעו, supplicated.
דְּבָרִים רַבִּים כָּהֵמָּה. מִתְּחִלָּה הָיוּ שָׁלֹשׁ אַלְפָא בֵּיתִין: ״אֵיכָה יָשְׁבָה״ (איכה א:א), ״אֵיכָה יָעִיב״ (איכה ב:א), ״אֵיכָה יוּעַם״ (איכה ד:א), וְהוֹסִיף עָלֶיהָ ״אֲנִי הַגֶּבֶר״ (איכה ג:א), שֶׁכָּל אוֹת מְשֻׁלֶּשֶׁת בָּהּ (איכה רבה ג:א):
many words like those At first, there were three alphabetical acrostics: (Lam. ch. 1) “O how... remained,” (2) “How...brought darkness,” (4) “How dim...has become.” And he added to it, (3) “I am the man,” in which every letter is tripled.