Rashi on Joshua Chapter 23
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רְאוּ הִפַּלְתִּי לָכֶם בְּגוֹרָל לְנַחֲלָה.
You have seen how I have alloted to you. By means of the lot for your inheritance.
הַנִּשְׁאָרִים לִיכָּבֵשׁ.
The remainder of these nations— that remain to be conquered.
וּלְשׁוֹטֵט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם יְשׁוֹטְטוּ לָבוֹז וְלִשְׁלוֹל סְבִיבוֹתֵיכֶם.
**And a goad in your sides.**¹ They will prowl around you to loot and ransack.
footnotes: ¹ Rashi takes the word לְשׁטֵט as an expression of prowing rather than as an expression of a rod or goad as do other commentaries.
וְלִצְנִנִים לְשׁוֹן מַחֲנוֹת, וְכֵן (יחזקאל כג כד): וּבָאוּ עָלַיִךְ הֹצֶן, כְּצִנָּה זוֹ הַמַּקֶּפֶת אֶת הָאָדָם מִשָּׁלשׁ רוּחוֹת, כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים ה יג): כַּצִּנָּה רָצוֹן תַּעְטְרֶנּוּ תְּסוֹבְבֶנוּ, כְּמוֹ (שמואל א כג כו): וְשָׁאוּל וַאֲנָשָׁיו עֹטְרִים אֶל דָּוִד וְאֶל אֲנָשָׁיו, עֹטְרִים סוֹבְבִים.
And thorns. This is an expression of camps. Similarly: “And they will come upon you with camps,”² like a shield (צִנָה) that surrounds a person on three sides, as it is said, “As a shield, you encompass him with favor,”³ תַּעְטְרֶנוּ meaning תְּסוֹבְבֶנוּ, surrounding, similar to “And Shaul and his men surrounded David and his men.”⁴ עוֹטְרִים meaning סוֹבְבִים, surrounding.
footnotes: ² Yechezkeil 23:24. ³ Tehillim 5:13. ⁴ I Shmuel 23:26.