Rashi on Judges Chapter 21
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לְהִפָּקֵד. לְהִגָּרַע:
Will be eliminated Removed.¹
footnotes: ¹ פקד is sometimes translated as “remembered” (Bereishis, 50:25). Here, however, the translation is “removed,” or “eliminated.”
וַיִּנָּחֲמוּ. שָׁבוּ לַחֲשֹׁב עֲלֵיהֶם מַחְשֶׁבֶת פְּלֵיטָה:
Were regretful They reversed themselves,² and contemplated escape for them.
footnotes: ² וַיִנָּחֲמוּ is translated as “they regretted,” rather than “they were comforted.”
אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת. נַעֲרָה בְתוּלָה הוֹשִׁיבוּם עַל פִּי חָבִיּוֹת שֶׁל יַיִן, בְּעוּלָה רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף, בְּתוּלָה אֵין רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף:
Four hundred virgin maids They placed them over the openings of wine barrels. Those with carnal knowledge emitted an aroma, the virgins did not.³
footnotes: ³ Yevamos, 60:b.
וְלֹא מָצְאוּ לָהֶם. לֹא סִפְּקוּ לָהֶם:
This did not satisfy They were insufficient for them.
יְרֻשַּׁת פְּלֵיטָה. נַחֲלַת הַשֵּׁבֶט נִשְׁאֲרָה רֵיקָנִית, הָבוּ עֵצָה שֶׁיּוֹלִידוּ בָנִים וְיַחֲזִיקוּ בְּנַחֲלָתָם הַפְּלֵיטָה הַנִּשְׁאֶרֶת, וְלֹא יִמָּחֶה שֵׁבֶט מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל:
The survivors must inherit the ancestral property The tribe's ancestral property remains unclaimed; let us devise a plan whereby they may father children, so that the property will fall into the possession of the remaining survivors, and a tribe will not be obliterated from Yisroel.
מִזְרְחָה הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ לַמְסִלָּה. בְּמִזְרָחָהּ שֶׁל מְסִלָּה, שִׁילֹה בִּצְפוֹנָהּ שֶׁל בֵּית אֵל וּבִדְרוֹמָהּ שֶׁל לְבוֹנָה, וּבְמִזְרָחָהּ שֶׁל מְסִלָּה הָעוֹלָה מִבֵּית אֵל שְׁכֶמָה:
East [lit. "sunrise"] of the road. To the east of the road. Shiloh was north of Beis El, south of Levonah, and east of the road ascending from Beis El to Shechem.
לָרִיב אֵלֵינוּ. לָלֶכֶת אֵלֵינוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָה:
To fight us To go to war against us.
וְאָמַרְנוּ אֲלֵיהֶם חָנּוּנוּ אוֹתָם. רִחַמְנוּ עֲלֵיהֶם כִּי אֵינָם יוֹדְעִים מַה לַּעֲשׂוֹת, ׳כִּי לֹא לָקַחְנוּ אִישׁ אִשְׁתּוֹ בַּמִּלְחָמָה׳ שֶׁל יָבֵשׁ גִּלְעָד אֶלָּא לְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת אִישׁ מֵהֶם, וְאִם עַל הַשְּׁבוּעָה אַתֶּם מַקְפִּידִים, לֹא עָוֹן לָכֶם בַּדָּבָר ׳כִּי לֹא אַתֶּם נְתַתֶּם לָהֶם׳ אֶת בְּנוֹתֵיכֶם שֶׁתְּהֵא לָכֶם אַשְׁמָה בַּדָּבָר וְשָׁלוֹם לָכֶם אַל תִּירָאוּ:
We shall tell them we were merciful with them. We were merciful with them because they did not know what to do, as we could not provide each of these men with a wife at the time of the war with Yoveish Gilod, except for four hundred of them. And if it is your oath that disturbs you, there is nothing sinful here on your part, since you were not the ones who provided them with your daughters, so that you would now be blameworthy. Peaceful salutations, have no fear!