Rashi on Psalms Chapter 24
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לַה׳ הָאָרֶץ. אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל:
The land...are the Lord’s The land of Israel.
תֵּבֵל. שְׁאָר אֲרָצוֹת:
the world The other lands.
עַל יַמִּים יְסָדָהּ. שִׁבְעָה יַמִּים מַקִּיפִין אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַרְבַּע נְהָרוֹת, יַרְדֵּן, וְיַרְמוּךְ, קַרְמִיוֹן, וּפוּגָה :
founded it upon seas Seven seas surrounded Eretz Yisroel and four rivers: the Jordan, Yarmuk, Karmion, and Pigah.
מִי יַעֲלֶה בְהַר ה׳. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכָּל יוֹשְׁבֵי תֵבֵל שֶׁלּוֹ, אֵין הַכֹּל כְּדַאי לִיקָרֵב אֵלָיו, אֶלָּא נְקִי כַפַּיִם וְגוֹמֵר:
Who will ascend upon the Lord’s mount Although all the inhabitants of the world are His, not everyone deserves to come near to Him, except these: he who has clean hands, etc.
לֹא נָשָׂא לַשָּׁוְא נַפְשִׁי. לֹא נִשְׁבַּע בִּשְׁמִי וּבְנַפְשִׁי לַשָּׁוְא. מָצִינוּ לְשׁוֹן שְׁבוּעָה נוֹפֵל עַל נֶפֶשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״נִשְׁבַּע ה׳ צְבָאוֹת בְּנַפְשׁוֹ״ (ירמיהו נא:יד):
who has not taken My name in vain Who has not sworn with My name and My soul in vain. We find an expression of an oath used with the soul (נפש), as it is stated (in Amos 6:8): “The Lord God swore by Himself (בנפשו).”
זֶה. שֶׁכָּךְ מַעֲשָׂיו, הוּא דּוֹר דֹּרְשָׁיו:
This [generation,] whose deeds are such - this is the generation of those who seek him.
שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם. בִּימֵי שְׁלֹמֹה בְּנוֹ, כְּשֶׁבָּא לְהַכְנִיס אָרוֹן לְבֵית קָדְשֵׁי הַקֳּדָשִׁים, וְדָבְקוּ שְׁעָרִים זוֹ בְּזוֹ, אָמַר עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע רְנָנוֹת וְלֹא נַעֲנָה, עַד שֶׁאָמַר: ״אַל תָּשֵׁב פְּנֵי מְשִׁיחֶךָ זָכְרָה לְחַסְדֵי דָּוִיד עַבְדֶּךָ״ (דברי הימים ב ו:מב):
[You] gates, lift your heads In the days of Solomon his son, when he comes to bring the Ark into the Holy of Holies and the gates cling to each other, he [Solomon] recited twenty-four praises, but he was not answered until he said (II Chron. 6:42): “Do not turn back the face of Your anointed; remember the kind deeds of David, Your servant.”
פִּתְחֵי עוֹלָם. פְּתָחִים שֶׁקְּדֻשָּׁתָן עוֹלָמִית:
everlasting portals Portals whose sanctity is everlasting.