Rashi on Psalms Chapter 27
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בְּזֹאת אֲנִי בוֹטֵחַ. בְּמַה שֶׁאָמַר לְמַעְלָה ה׳ מָעוֹז חַיַּי:
in this I trust In what is stated above: “The Lord is the stronghold of my life.”
וּלְבַקֵּר בְּהֵיכָלוֹ. לֵירָאוֹת שָׁם בְּכָל בֹּקֶר וָבֹקֶר. כָּךְ פֵּרְשׁוֹ דּוֹנָשׁ, וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ עִם ״לֹא יְבַקֵּר בֵּין טוֹב לָרָע״ (ויקרא כז:לג), אֲבָל דּוֹנָשׁ פָּתַר לְשׁוֹן בֹּקֶר:
and to visit His Temple every morning To appear there every morning. Dunash (Teshuvoth Dunash, p. 53) explained in this manner. Menachem (Machbereth Menachem, p. 47) however associated it with (Lev. 27:33), “He shall not inquire (יבקר),” but Dunash interpreted it as an expression of “morning” (בקר).
כִּי יִצְפְּנֵנִי בְּסֻכֹּה. בָּטוּחַ אֲנִי שֶׁיִּצְפְּנֵנִי בְּבֵית מִקְדָּשׁוֹ, וְשָׁנִינוּ בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם (סדר עולם רבה יח) שֶׁהַמִּקְרָא הַזֶּה נֶאֱמַר עַל יוֹאָשׁ בֶּן אֲחַזְיָה שֶׁהִסְתִּירָתוֹ יְהוֹשֶׁבַע אֲחוֹתוֹ בַּעֲלִיַּת בֵּית קָדְשֵׁי הַקֳּדָשִׁים, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַיְהִי אִתָּהּ בֵּית ה׳ מִתְחַבֵּא שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים״ (מלכים ב יא:ג):
That He will hide me in His tabernacle I am confident that He will hide me in His Temple, and we learned in Seder Olam (ch. 18) that this verse was stated concerning Joash the son of Ahaziah, who was hidden by his sister, Jehosheba, in the attic of the Holy of Holies, as the matter is stated (in II Kings 11:3): “And he was hiding with her in the house of the Lord for six years.”
בְּצוּר יְרוֹמְמֵנִי. הֶעֱמִיד עַל סֶלַע רַגְלִי (תהלים מ:ג):
He will lift me up on a rock He stood my feet on a rock.
זִבְחֵי תְרוּעָה. זְבָחִים שֶׁאוֹמֵר עֲלֵיהֶם שִׁיר:
sacrifices with joyous song Sacrifices over which a song is recited.
לְךָ אָמַר לִבִּי בַּקְּשׁוּ פָנָי. בִּשְׁבִילְךָ, בִּשְׁלִיחוּתֶיךָ אוֹמֵר (לִי) לִבִּי: בַּקְּשׁוּ כֻּלְּכֶם, יִשְׂרָאֵל, אֶת פָּנַי; וַאֲנִי שׁוֹמֵעַ לוֹ, אֶת פָּנֶיךָ ה׳ אֲבַקֵּשׁ:
On Your behalf, my heart says, “Seek My presence.” On Your behalf, as Your agent, my heart says to me, “All of you Israelites, seek My presence.” And I obey it. “Your presence, O Lord, I will seek.”
לְךָ. כְּמוֹ ״הֵן אֲנִי כְפִיךָ לָאֵל״ (איוב לג:ו) – בִּמְקוֹמוֹ, ״אִם לָאֵל תְּרִיבוּן״ (איוב יג:ח) – בִּמְקוֹמוֹ, אַף כָּאן לְךָ אָמַר לִבִּי. בִּמְקוֹמְךָ בָּא אֵלַי לִבִּי לוֹמַר כֵּן:
[The word] לך is like (Job 33:6): “Behold I am like your mouth to God (לא-ל),” [that is,] in His stead; (ibid. 13:8), “Will you contend for God (לא-ל)?” [that is,] in His stead. Here, too, “On Your behalf, my heart says,” in Your stead, my heart comes to me to say this.
אַל תַּט. אַל תַּכְרִיעַ, כְּמוֹ ״וַיֵּט שָׁמַיִם״ (תהלים יח:י):
do not turn...away Heb. תט, do not bend over, as (above 18:10): “And He bent (ויט) the heavens.”
כִּי אָבִי וְאִמִּי עֲזָבוּנִי. בִּשְׁעַת תַּשְׁמִישׁ לַהֲנָאָתָן נִתְכַּוְּנוּ; כֵּיוָן שֶׁגָּמְרוּ הֲנָאָתָן, זֶה הוֹפֵךְ פָּנָיו אֵילָךְ וְזֶה הוֹפֵךְ פָּנָיו אֵילָךְ:
For my father and my mother have forsaken me At the time of coitus, they intended their own pleasure. As soon as their pleasure is over, this one turns his face this way and that one turns her face the other way.
וַה׳ יַאַסְפֵנִי. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שׁוֹמֵר אֶת הַטִּפָּה וְצָר אֶת הָעֻבָּר (ויקרא רבה יד, ה):
but the Lord gathers me in The Holy One, blessed be He, guards the droplet and forms the fetus.
בְּנֶפֶשׁ צָרָי. בְּתַאֲוַת שׂוֹנְאַי, לִהְיוֹת תַּאֲוָתָם מִתְקַיֶּמֶת עָלַי:
to the desires of my adversaries To the desire of my enemies, to have their desire fulfilled through me.
וְיָפֵחַ חָמָס. דּוֹבְרֵי רָעָה. לָשׁוֹן אַחֵר: לְשׁוֹן מוֹקֵשׁ (ס״א אינו):
and speakers of evil Heb. ויפח חמס, speakers of evil. Another explanation: An expression of a trap (פח).
לוּלֵא הֶאֱמַנְתִּי וְגוֹ׳. אִם לֹא שֶׁהֶאֱמַנְתִּי בְּהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, כְּבָר קָמוּ בִי אוֹתָם עֵדֵי שֶׁקֶר וְכִלּוּנִי. לוּלֵא נָקוּד עָלָיו, לְמִדְרָשׁ שֶׁדָּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (ברכות ד.): יוֹדֵעַ אֲנִי שֶׁאַתָּה נוֹתֵן שָׂכָר לַצַּדִּיקִים לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, אֲבָל אֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אִם יֵשׁ לִי חֵלֶק עִמָּהֶם אִם לָאו:
Had I not believed in seeing, etc. If I had not believed in the Holy One, blessed be He, those false witnesses would have already risen against me and destroyed me. [The word] לולא is punctuated for the homily which our Sages expounded (Ber. 4a): I know that You give reward to the righteous in the world to come, but I do not know whether I have a share with them or not.
וְקַוֵּה אֶל ה׳. וְאִם לֹא תִתְקַבֵּל תְּפִלָּתְךָ, חֲזוֹר וְקַוֵּה (ברכות לב:):
Hope for the Lord and if your prayer is not accepted, reinforce your hope.