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Rashi on Psalms Chapter 36

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נְאֻם פֶּשַׁע לָרָשָׁע בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי וְגוֹ׳. הֲרֵי זֶה מִקְרָא מְסֹרָס: יֵשׁ בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי, שֶׁהַפֶּשַׁע, הוּא יֵצֶר הָרָע, אוֹמֵר לָרָשָׁע שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא פַּחַד אֱלֹהִים לְנֶגֶד עֵינָיו:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

The word of the transgression to the wicked man, in the midst of my heart, etc. This is a transposed verse. I feel within my heart that the transgressioni.e., the evil inclinationsays to the wicked man that the fear of God should not be before his eyes.

וּבְקֶרֶב לִבִּי. כְּאָדָם שֶׁאוֹמֵר: כִּמְדֻמֶּה אֲנִי:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

in the midst of my heart Like a person who says, “It seems to me.”

כִּי הֶחֱלִיק. הַפֶּשַׁע עַל הָרָשָׁע בַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת בְּעֵינָיו, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמְצָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת עֲוֹנוֹ, לִשְׂנֹא אוֹתוֹ:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

For it smoothed The transgression made smooth places appear to his eyes in order that the Holy One, blessed be He, find his iniquity to hate him.

חָדַל לְהַשְׂכִּיל לְהֵיטִיב. מָנַע עַצְמוֹ מֵהַשְׂכִּיל, לְהֵיטִיב מַעֲשָׂיו:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

he refrained from learning to improve He refrained from contemplating to improve his deeds.

יִתְיַצֵּב עַל דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֹב. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נָתַן לְפָנָיו דֶּרֶךְ הַטּוֹב וְדֶרֶךְ הַמָּוֶת, וְהוּא בּוֹחֵר לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֹב:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

he stands on a way that is not good The Holy One, blessed be He, placed before him the good way and the way of death, yet he chooses for himself a way that is not good.

ה׳ בַּשָּׁמַיִם חַסְדֶּךָ. בִּשְׁבִיל רְשָׁעִים הַלָּלוּ אַתָּה מְסַלֵּק חֶסֶד מִן הַתַּחְתּוֹנִים, וּמַגְבִּיהַּ אֱמוּנָתְךָ עַד שְׁחָקִים לְסַלְּקָהּ מִבְּנֵי אָדָם:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

O Lord, Your kindness is in the heavens Because of these wicked men, You remove [Your] kindness from the earth creatures and raise up Your faith until the sky to remove it from the sons of men.

צִדְקָתְךָ. יְקָרָה מִן הַבְּרִיּוֹת כְּהַרְרֵי אֵל, בִּשְׁבִיל מַעֲשֵׂי הָרְשָׁעִים, וּמִשְׁפָּטֶךָ בָּאִים לָעוֹלָם עַד תְּהוֹם רַבָּה (ויקרא רבה כז:א). דָּבָר אַחֵר: צִדְקָתְךָ כְּהַרְרֵי אֵל מִי שֶׁאַתָּה רוֹצֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת צְדָקָה עִמּוֹ, אַתָּה מַגְבִּיהוֹ וּמְתַקְּפוֹ כְּהַרְרֵי אֵל, לְשׁוֹן תּוֹקֶף, כְּמוֹ (יחזקאל יז:יג) ״וְאֶת אֵילֵי הָאָרֶץ לָקָח״:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Your charity is as scarce to the creatures as the mighty mountains because of the deeds of the wicked, and Your judgments come upon the world until the vast deep. Another explanation: Your righteousness is like the mighty mountains The one with whom You wish to deal charitably, You raise up and strengthen like the mighty mountains. אל is an expression of strength, as (in Ezek. 17: 13): “and he has taken away the mighty of (אילי) the land.”

מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ תְּהוֹם רַבָּה. מִי שֶׁאַתָּה רוֹצֶה לָדוּן אוֹתוֹ וְלִיקַּח נִקְמָתְךָ מִמֶּנּוּ, אַתָּה מוֹרִידוֹ עַד תְּהוֹם רַבָּה:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Your judgments are the vast deep Whomever You wish to judge, and wreak vengeance upon, You humble him to the vast deep.

מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ. יוּשְׁטִיצָ״א בְּלַעַ״ז:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Your judgments Heb. משפטיך, joustiza in Old French, justice.

אָדָם וּבְהֵמָה תּוֹשִׁיעַ ה׳. בְּנֵי אָדָם שֶׁהֵם עֲרוּמִים בְּדַעַת כְּאָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן וּמְשִׂימִין עַצְמָן כַּבְּהֵמָה בַּעֲנָוָה, תּוֹשִׁיעַ ה׳:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

You save both man and beast People who are as astute as Adam, but who make themselves as humble as beasts, You save, O Lord.

מַה יָּקָר חַסְדְּךָ. אֵינוֹ כְּדַאי לְהִמָּשֵׁךְ עַל הָרְשָׁעִים הַלָּלוּ, אֲבָל בְּנֵי אָדָם אֲשֶׁר בְּצֵל כְּנָפֶיךָ יֶחֱסָיוּן הֵם יִרְוְיוּן מִדֶּשֶׁן בֵּיתֶךָ וְגוֹ׳:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

How precious is Your kindness It is not fitting that it be extended to these wicked, but the children of men who take refuge in the shadow of Your wingsthey will be sated from the fat of Your house, etc.

אַל תְּבוֹאֵנִי רֶגֶל גַּאֲוָה. אַל תָּבוֹא עִמִּי רֶגֶל הָרְשָׁעִים הַלָּלוּ בְּעֵת קִבּוּל שָׂכָר לִהְיוֹת חֶלְקָם עִם הַצַּדִּיקִים, (לשון חלק אהלא פרט״יאה בלע״ז ס״א אינו):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Let the foot of haughtiness not come with me Let the foot of these wicked men not come with me at the time of the reception of reward, [because] their lot should [not] be with the righteous.

וְיַד רְשָׁעִים אַל תְּנִדֵנִי. מִמְּקוֹמִי בְּבוֹאִי לִירַשׁ מִשְׁנֶה, חֶלְקִי וְחֶלְקוֹ (שֶׁל רָשָׁע) בַּטּוֹבָה, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיהו סא:ז): ״לָכֵן בְּאַרְצָם מִשְׁנֶה יִירָשׁוּ״. וְאָז:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

neither shall the hand of the wicked cause me to wander from my place when I return to inherit a double [portion]: my portion and the portion of the wicked man, in the goodness, as the matter that is stated (in Isa. 61:7): “Therefore, in their land they shall inherit twofold.” And then...

שָׁם נָפְלוּ פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן. שָׁם יָבִינוּ בְּמַפַּלְתָּם, וְשָׁם דֹּחוּ וְלֹא יָכְלוּ קוּם:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

There the workers of iniquity have fallen There they will understand their downfall, and there they were thrust away and were unable to rise.

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