Rashi on Psalms Chapter 47
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תִּקְעוּ כָף. הִתְעָרְבוּ יַחַד זֶה עִם זֶה לְהָרִיעַ לֵאלֹהִים בְּקוֹל רִנָּה:
clap hands Join together with one another to shout to God with a voice of praise.
יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ. יִתֵּן דֶּבֶר בָּעוֹבְדֵי כוֹכָבִים תַּחַת נַפְשֵׁנוּ, לִהְיוֹת חֲמָתוֹ מִתְקָרֶרֶת בָּהֶם וְאֵלּוּ נִצּוֹלִים, כְּעִנְיָן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְנָתַתִּי כָפְרְךָ מִצְרַיִם וְגוֹ׳״ (ישעיהו מג:ג). וּמְנַחֵם חִבֵּר יַדְבֵּר לְשׁוֹן הַנְהָגָה:
He shall plague peoples in our stead Heb. ידבר עמים תחתינו, He shall afflict the peoples with a plague (דבר) instead of our soul(s) so that His wrath will subside through them, and we will be saved, as the matter that is stated (Isa. 43:3): “I have given Egypt as your ransom, etc.” Menachem, however, associated it with an expression of leading (p. 61).
יִבְחַר לָנוּ וְגוֹ׳. וְיַחֲזִירֵנוּ לְתוֹכָהּ, וְאָז יִתְעַלֶּה בִּתְרוּעָה וְקוֹל שׁוֹפָר – שֶׁנִּתְקַע לְפָנָיו בְּשִׁיר עַל עוֹלוֹת וְזִבְחֵי שְׁלָמִים, וְנֹאמַר: זַמְּרוּ אֱלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳:
He shall choose...for us and restore us to its midst. Then He will be exalted with the trumpet blast and the sound of the shofar that we will sound before Him over the burnt offerings and the peace offerings, and we will say, “Sing to God, etc.”
מָלַךְ אֱלֹהִים עַל גּוֹיִם. כָּךְ יֹאמְרוּ הַכֹּל:
God has reigned over nations So will everyone say.
יָשַׁב עַל כִּסֵּא קָדְשׁוֹ. עַכְשָׁיו הַכִּסֵּא שָׁלֵם וּבִגְדוּלָּה נִכֶּרֶת (פסיקתא רבתי ג:טז), וְיַגִּידוּ כִּי נֶאֶסְפוּ לְעִירוֹ:
God has sat upon His holy throne Now the throne is complete and the greatness is recognized, and they will declare that the volunteers of the people have gathered to His city.
נְדִיבֵי עַמִּים. שֶׁהִתְנַדְּבוּ עַצְמָם לִטְבֹּחַ וְלַהֲרֹג עַל קְדֻשַּׁת שְׁמוֹ:
The volunteers of the peoples Who offered themselves to the slaughter, to be slain for the sanctity of His name.
עַם אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם. שֶׁהָיָה נְדִיב לֵב הָרִאשׁוֹן תְּחִלָּה לַגֵּרִים (סוכה מט:). עַתָּה נוֹדַע כִּי לֵאלֹהִים מָגִנֵּי אֶרֶץ הַיְכֹלֶת בְּיָדוֹ לִהְיוֹת לְמָגֵן עַל כָּל הַבּוֹטְחִים בּוֹ:
the people of the God of Abraham who was the first volunteer, the first of the proselytes [he was the first to volunteer himself to proselytize]. Now it is known that God has the shields of the earth and He has the power to be a shield for all who trust in Him.