הדר בבי' שער אכסדרה ומרפס' שבחצר אינו אוסר על בני החצר שאינם חשובים דירה אבל הדר בבי' התבן בבי' העצים בבי' הבקר ובבי' האוצרו' אוסר:

Laws of Partnership in an Eruv — 8 Sections One who lives in a gatehouse, portico, or balcony of a courtyard does not restrict the courtyard residents, since these are not considered proper dwellings. But one who lives in a straw house, woodshed, cattle barn, or storehouse does restrict them.

A homeowner who has many houses in a courtyard and lent or rented them to others — if he has in each of them items that cannot be moved on Shabbat due to their weight or due to prohibition (meaning things forbidden to move even for the sake of their place) — the residents of those houses do not restrict him, since they are all considered like guests in his home. Therefore they too are permitted to carry from their houses to the courtyard even without giving an eruv. But if the houses do not belong to him — neither owned nor rented — even if he has items in them that are forbidden to move, they restrict one another. Rema: Some say all this applies when there are no other residents in the courtyard besides them, but when there are other residents who bring their eruv to them, each one must make an eruv. One who rented a large building from a non-Jew and sublet one of its units to another — if he did not originally rent it with that intention, it is as if the entire building is his and he merely rented one of the houses to another. But if he originally rented it with that intention, it is as if there are two houses and it does not help, even if one of them has a hold in the other's house.

Five groups who spent Shabbat in a large hall and divided it with partitions — if they all pass through one another's sections since there is only one opening to the courtyard, through the outermost section, and all pass through it — only the two innermost need contribute to the eruv, and all the others are considered a gatehouse for them. If each one has an opening to the courtyard — Rema: or they do not pass through one another but each has an opening to a gatehouse in front of them and the gatehouse opens to the courtyard — if the partitions reach the ceiling or come within three handbreadths of it, making each one a separate room even if they are made of curtains: if the courtyard residents place the eruv in one of the other courtyard houses, each and every group in the hall must contribute an eruv. But if they placed the eruv in this hall, none of them need contribute an eruv since they all dwell in this house, and the house in which the eruv is placed need not contribute. Similarly, if there are no other residents in the courtyard, they need no eruv. If they divided it with partitions that do not reach the ceiling — even if the courtyard residents place their eruv in one of the other courtyard houses — one eruv suffices for all five groups. Rema: If some made partitions and some did not — those who made them are considered separate, and those who did not are considered joint. If there are residents in actual upper stories, even if the courtyard residents placed the eruv in the hall, each group must contribute an eruv. But one who has a tutor or scribe in his house, and likewise students learning before their teacher and living in his house each in their own room — even if each has an opening to the courtyard and eats and sleeps in their room — they do not restrict.

Courtyard residents who all eat at one table — even if each has their own house — need no eruv since they are like members of one household. If they need to make an eruv with residents of another courtyard, they bring only one eruv and one loaf to the place with which they are making the eruv. If the eruv comes to them, they need not contribute an eruv, just as the house in which the eruv is placed need not contribute, since all these houses are considered as one. Rema: Similarly, if many homeowners eat in one room each at their own table, even if each sleeps in their own room, one eruv suffices for all, since there is no partition separating their eating area — this is like five who spent Shabbat in a hall, etc. Even if they sometimes draw a curtain before them for privacy, it is not considered a partition since it is not there permanently.

One who eats in one place and sleeps in another — his eating place is primary and that is where he creates a restriction. Therefore brothers who eat in their father's house and sleep in their own houses do not restrict. But if he gives them portions and they eat in their own houses, they do restrict. This applies when the other courtyard residents place their eruv elsewhere, but if the other courtyard residents place their eruv in one of these houses, or if there are no other residents with them in the courtyard, they need not make an eruv.

One who has five wives and five slaves who receive their portions from him and each eats in their own house, and likewise a student who receives portions from his teacher and eats in his own house — they do not restrict one another if there are no other residents with them in the courtyard, or if the eruv comes to them.

Ten houses one inside the other, all passing through one another and exiting through the outermost to the courtyard — only the two innermost need contribute to the eruv, and the rest are exempt since they are all considered a gatehouse.

A guest in a courtyard — even if staying in their own house — if not staying permanently but for thirty days or fewer, does not restrict the courtyard residents, and both he and they are permitted in his house and in theirs. Rema: Even if the guests are many and the host is one — but this specifically requires one established host, for then the guests are nullified relative to him. But guests together restrict one another immediately. See below at the end of Siman 391. And regarding a non-Jewish guest, see above Siman 384.