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Targum Jonathan on I Samuel Chapter 1

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וַהֲוָה גַבְרָא חַד מֵרָמָתָא מִתַּלְמִידֵי נְבִיאַיָא מִטוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרָיִם וּשְׁמֵיהּ אֶלְקָנָה בַּר יְרֹחָם בַּר אֱלִיהוּא בַּר תּוֹחוּ בַר צוּף גַבְרָא פַּלֵיג חוּלַק בְּקוּדְשַׁיָא בְּטוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרָיִם:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

There was a certain man of Ramah, of the pupils of the prophets, of the hill country of the House of Ephraim, whose name was Elkanah, son of Jeroham, son of Elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, a man having a portion in the holy things in the hill country of the House of Ephraim.

וְלֵיהּ תַּרְתֵּין נְשִׁין שׁוּם חֲדָא חַנָה וְשׁוּם תִּנְיֵיתָא פְּנִנָה וַהֲוָה לִפְנִנָה בְּנִין וּלְחַנָה לֵית בְּנִין:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah. And Peninnah had sons, but Hannah had no sons.

וּסְלִיק גַבְרָא הַהוּא מִקַרְתֵּיהּ מִזְמַן מוֹעֵד לְמוֹעֵד לְמִסְגַד וּלְדַבָּחָא קֳדָם יְיָ צְבָאוֹת בְּשִׁלֹה וְתַמָן תְּרֵין בְּנֵי עֵלִי חָפְנִי וּפִנְחָס מְשַׁמְשִׁין קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And that man used to go up from his city, periodically from festival to festival, to bow down and to sacrifice before the LORD Sebaoth at Shiloh, where the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinahas, were serving before the LORD.

וַהֲוָה יוֹם מוֹעֲדָא וְדַבַּח אֶלְקָנָה וִיהַב לִפְנִנָה אִתְּתֵיהּ וּלְכָל בְּנָהָא וּבְנָתָהָא חוּלָקִין:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And on the festival when Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and daughters.

וּלְחַנָה יְהַב חוּלַק חָד בְּחִיר אֲרֵי יַת חַנָה רְחִים וּמִן קֳדָם יְיָ אִתְמְנַע מִנָהּ וְלָד:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And he would give to Hannah one choice portion, because he loved Hannah. And from before the LORD offspring was withheld from her.

וּמְצַהֲבָא לָהּ צָרָתָהּ אַף מַרְגְזָא לָהּ בְּדִיל לְאַקְנָיוּתָהּ אֲרֵי אִתְמְנַע מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִנָהּ וְלָד:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And her rival used to provoke her, also to anger her in order to make her jealous, because from before the LORD offspring was withheld from her.

וְכֵן יַעֲבֵיד שְׁנָא בִּשְׁנָא בִּזְמַן מַסְקָהּ לְבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ כֵּן מַרְגְזָא לָהּ וּבַכְיָא וְלָא אָכְלַת:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And so he did year by year; as often as she went up to the house of the LORD’s sanctuary, she used to anger her. And she was weeping and would not eat.

וַאֲמַר לָהּ אֶלְקָנָה בַּעֲלָהּ חַנָה לְמָה אַתְּ בַּכְיָא וּלְמָה לָא תֵיכְלִי וּלְמָה בָּאֵישׁ לִיךְ לִיבֵּךְ הֲלָא רְעוּתִי טָבָא לִיךְ מַעֲשְׂרָא בְּנִין:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Elkanah, her husband, said to her, ‘Hannah, why are you weeping? And why did you not eat? And why is your heart sad to you? Is not my goodwill better to you than ten sons?’

וְקָמַת חַנָה בָּתַר דְאָכְלַת בְשִׁלֹה וּבָתַר דִשְׁתִיאַת וְעֵלִי כַהֲנָא יָתֵיב עַל כּוּרְסֵיהּ עַל מְזוּזֵי בִּסְטַר סִיפָא דְהֵיכְלָא דַיְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Hannah rose, after she had eaten in Shiloh and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat beside the doorpost of the LORD’s temple.

וְהִיא מְרִירַת נְפָשׁ וּמְצַלְיָא קֳדָם יְיָ וּמִבְכָּא בַכְיָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And she was bitter of soul and she prayed before the LORD and wept abundantly.

וְקַיָימַת קְיָים וַאֲמָרַת יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אִם מִגְלָא גְלֵי קֳדָמָךְ סִגוּף אַמְתָךְ וְיֵעוּל דָכְרָנִי קֳדָמָךְ וְלָא תַרְחִיק יַת אַמְתָךְ וְתִתֵּן לְאַמְתָךְ בַּר בְּגוֹ בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא וְאֶמְסְרִינֵיהּ דִיהֵי מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָם יְיָ כָּל יוֹמֵי חַיוֹהִי וּמַרְוַת אֱנָשׁ לָא תְהֵי עֲלוֹהִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And she swore an oath and said, ‘O LORD Sebaoth, the affliction of thy maidservant is indeed revealed before Thee. And let my memory come in before Thee and do not keep thy maidservant far away. And give to thy maidservant a son in the midst of the sons of men. And I will hand him over, that he may serve before the LORD all the days of his life. And the dominion of man will not be upon him.’

וַהֲוָה מִדְאַסְגִיאַת לְצַלָאָה קֳדָם יְיָ וְעֵלִי אוֹרִיךְ לָהּ עַד דְתִפְסוֹק:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And when she continued praying before the LORD, Eli was waiting for her until she would stop.

וְחַנָה הִיא מְצַלְיָא בְּלִבָּהּ לְחוֹד סִפְוָתָהָא נַיְידָן וְקָלָהּ לָא מִשְׁתְּמָע וְחָשְׁבָהּ עֵלִי כְּאִתְּתָא רַוְיָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Hannah was praying in her heart. Only her lips moved, and her voice was not heard. And Eli took her to be as a drunken woman.

וַאֲמַר לָהּ עֵלִי עַד אֵימָתַי אַתְּ מִשְׁתַּטְיָא הֲלָא תְפִיגִין יַת חַמְרִיךְ מִנָיִךְ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Eli said to her, ‘How long will you act insane? Will you not let your wine evaporate from you?’

וַאֲתִיבַת חַנָה וַאֲמַרַת לָא רִבּוֹנִי אִתְּתָא עָקַת רוּחַ אֲנָא וַחֲמַר חֲדַת וְעַתִּיק לָא אִשְׁתֵּיתִי וַאֲמָרִית עוּלְבַן נַפְשִׁי בִּצְלוֹ קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Hannah answered and said, ‘No, my lord, I am a woman anguished of spirit. I have drunk neither new nor old wine, but I have told the humiliation of my soul in prayer before the LORD.

לָא תַכְלִים יַת אַמְתָךְ קֳדָם בַּת רִשְׁעָא אֲרֵי מִסְגֵי אַקְנָיוּתִי וְאַרְגִיזוּתִי אוֹרְכִית בִּצְלוֹ עַד כְּעַן:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Do not rebuke your maidservant as a daughter of wickedness, for from the abundance of my jealousy and my anger I lingered in prayer until now.’

וַאֲתֵיב עֵלִי וַאֲמַר אֱזִילִי לִשְׁלָם וֶאֱלָהָא יִשְׂרָאֵל יִתֵּן יַת בָּעוּתִיךְ דִבְּעִית מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And Eli answered and said, ‘Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant you your petition which you have made from before Him.’

וַאֲמַרַת תַּשְׁכַּח אַמְתָךְ רַחֲמִין בְּעֵינָךְ וַאֲזָלַת אִתְּתָא לְאוֹרְחָהּ וַאֲכָלַת וְאַפִין בִּישִׁין לָא הֲווֹ לָהּ עוֹד:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And she said, ‘Let your maidservant find favour in your sight.’ Then the woman went her way and ate, and her countenance was no longer sad.

וְאַקְדִימוּ בְצַפְרָא וּסְגִידוּ קֳדָם יְיָ וְתָבוּ וְאָתוֹ לְבֵיתְהוֹן לְרָמָתָא וִידַע אֶלְקָנָה יַת חַנָה אִתְּתֵיהּ וְעַל דָכְרָנָהּ קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

They rose early in the morning and bowed down before the LORD. Then they went back to their house, to Ramah. And Elkanah knew his wife Hannah and her memory went in before the LORD.

וַהֲוָה לִזְמַן מִשְׁלַם יוֹמַיָא וְעַדִיאַת חַנָה וִילִידַת בַּר וּקְרַת יַת שְׁמֵיהּ שְׁמוּאֵל אֲרֵי אֲמָרַת מִן קֳדָם יְיָ שְׁאִלְתֵּיה:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And at the time of the completing of the days Hannah conceived and bore a son, and she called him name Samuel, for she said, ‘I have asked him from before the LORD.’

וּסְלִיק גַבְרָא אֶלְקָנָה וְכָל אֱנַשׁ בֵּיתֵיהּ לְדַבָּחָא קֳדָם יְיָ יַת דְבַח מוֹעֲדַיָא וּלְשַׁלָמָא יַת נִדְרֵיהּ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the man Elkanah and all the people of his house went up to sacrifice before the LORD the sacrifice of the festival, and to fulfil his vow.

וְחַנָה לָא סְלִיקַת אֲרֵי אֲמָרַת לְבַעֲלָהּ עַד דְיִתְחַסֵיל רַבְיָא וְאַיְתִינֵיהּ וְאִתְחֲזֵי קֳדָם יְיָ וִיתֵיב תַּמָן עַד עָלְמָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

But Hannah did not go up, for she said to her husband, ‘As soon as the boy is weaned, I will bring him that he be seen before the LORD and live there for ever.’

וַאֲמַר לָהּ אֶלְקָנָה בַעֲלָהּ עֶבִידִי כִּדְתַקִין בְּעֵינַיְכִי אוֹרִיכִי עַד דְתַחְסְלִין יָתֵיהּ בְּרַם יְקַיֵם יְיָ יַת פִּתְגָמוֹהִי וְאוֹרִיכַת אִתְּתָא וְאוֹנִיקַת יַת בְּרָהּ עַד דַחֲסִילַת יָתֵיהּ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And her husband Elkanah said to her, ‘Do what seems right in your sight; wait until you have weaned him. Only, may the LORD establish his words.’ So the woman waited and nursed her son, until she weaned him.

וְאַסִקְתֵּיהּ עִמָהּ כַּד חֲסַלְתֵּיהּ בְּתוֹרִין תְּלָתָא וּמְכִילְתָא חֲדָא דְקִימְחָא וּגְרַב דַחֲמַר וְאַיְתִיתֵיהּ לְבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ לְשִׁלוֹ וְרַבְיָא הֲוָה יָנִיק:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, along with three bulls, one measure of flour and a skin of wine; and she brought him to the sanctuary of the LORD, to Shiloh. And the boy was young.

וּנְכִיסוּ יַת תּוֹרָא וְאַיְתִיאוּ יַת רַבְיָא לְוַת עֵלִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And they slaughtered the bull and brought the boy to Eli.

וַאֲמַרַת בְּבָעוּ רִבּוֹנִי חַיֵי נַפְשָׁךְ רִבּוֹנִי אֲנָא אִתְּתָא דְאִתְעַתָּדַת עִמָךְ הָכָא לְצַלָאָה קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And she said, ‘Please, my lord! By your life, my lord, I am the woman who was standing here with you to pray before the LORD.

עַל רַבְיָא הָדֵין צַלֵיתִי וִיהַב יְיָ לִי יַת בָּעוּתִי דִבְעִית מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Concerning this boy I prayed; and the LORD granted me my petition which I made from before Him.

וְאַף אֲנָא מְסַרְתֵּיהּ דִיהֵי מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָם יְיָ כָּל יוֹמַיָא דְהוּא קַיָם הוּא מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָם יְיָ וּסְגִיד תַּמָן קֳדָם יְיָ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And I have als handed him over that he may be serving before the LORD. All the days that he lives, he will serve before the LORD.’ And he bowed down before the LORD there.

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