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Targum Jonathan on I Samuel Chapter 4

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וַהֲוָה פִּתְגָם שְׁמוּאֵל מַדְעָא לְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל וּנְפַק יִשְׂרָאֵל לְקָדָמוּת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא וּשְׁרוֹ עַל אָבֶן סְעָדָא וּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי שְׁרוֹ בַאֲפַק:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the word of Samuel was pleasing to all Israel. Now Israel went out to wage war against the Philistines; they encamped at Stone of Help and the Philistines encamped at Aphek.

וּסְדָרוּ קְרָבָא פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי לָקֳדָמוּת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִתְרְטִישׁוּ עָבְדֵי קְרָבָא וְאִתַּבָּרוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם פְּלִשְׁתָאֵי וּמְחוֹ בְסִידְרָא בְּחַקְלָא כְאַרְבְּעָא אַלְפִין גַבְרָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

The Philistines drew up in line against Israel, and when the wagers of the battle spread, Israel was shattered before the Philistines. They slew about four thousand men in the battle line on the field.

וַאֲתָא עַמָא לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וַאֲמַרוּ סָבֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמָה תַבְּרָנָא יְיָ יוֹמָא דֵין קֳדָם פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי נִסַב לָנָא מִשִׁילֹה יַת אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דַייָ וְיֵיתֵי בֵּינָנָא בְּדִיל יְקַר שְׁמֵיהּ נִתְפְּרִיק מִיַד בַּעֲלֵי דְבָבָנָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And when the people came to the camp, the elders of Israel said, “Why has the LORD shattered us today before the Philistines? Let us take the ark of the covenant of the LORD from Shiloh to us, that he may go between us. On account of the Glory of his name we will be saved from the hand of our enemies.”

וּשְׁלַח עַמָא לְשִׁילֹה וּנְטָלוּ מִתַּמָן יַת אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת דִשְׁכִינְתֵּהּ שַׁרְיָא עֵיל מִן כְּרוּבַיָא וְתַמָן תְּרֵין בְּנֵי עֵלִי עִם אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דַייָ חָפְנִי וּפִינְחָס:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

So the people sent to Shiloh, and they carried from there the ark of the covenant of the LORD Sebaoth, whose Presence dwells above the cherubim. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of the LORD.

וַהֲוָה כַּד אֲתָא אֲרוֹן קְיָמָא דַייָ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וְיַבִּיבוּ כָל יִשְׂרָאֵל יַבָּבָא רַבָּא וְאִשְׁתְּגָּשַׁת אַרְעָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

When the ark of the covenant of the LORD came into the camp, all Israel gave a mighty shout, so that the earth resounded.

וּשְׁמָעוּ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי יַת קַל יַבָּבָא וַאַמַרוּ מָה קָל יַבָּבָא רַבָּא הָדֵין בְמַשְׁרִיתָא דִיהוּדָאֵי וִידָעוּ אֲרֵי אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ אָתָא לְמַשְׁרִיתָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And when the Philistines heard the noise of the shouting, they said, “What is this noise of a great shouting in the camp of the Judaeans?” And they learned that the ark of the LORD had come to the camp.

וּדְחִילוּ פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי אֲרֵי אֲמַרוּ אֲתָא אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וַאֲמַרוּ וַי לָנָא אֲרֵי לָא הֲוַת כַּהֲדָא מֵאִיתְמְלֵי וּמִדְקָדָמוֹהִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the Philistines were afraid, for they said, “The ark of the LORD has come to the camp.” And they said, “Woe to us! For it was not like this yesterday and before that.

וַי לָנָא מַן יְשֵׁיזְבִינָנָא מִיַד מֵימְרָא דַייָ דְעוֹבָדוֹהִי רַבְרְבִין הָאִלֵין אִלֵין אִינוּן גְבוּרָתָא דַייָ דִמְחָא יַת מִצְרַיִם בְּכָל מָחָא וּלְעַמֵיהּ עֲבַד פְּרִישָׁן בְּמַדְבְּרָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Woe to us! Who can deliver us from the hand of the speech of the LORD, whose works are great? These are the mighty deeds of the LORD, who smote the Egyptians with every plague, but did for his people wonders in the wilderness.

אִיתְקְפוּ וַהֲווֹ לְגַבְרִין פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי דִלְמָא תִּשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּן לִיהוּדָאֵי כְּמָא דְאִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ לְכוֹן וּתְהוֹן לְגַבְרִין גִבָּרִין וְתַגִיחוּן קְרָבָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Take courage and be heroic men, O Philistines, lest you become subjected to the Judaeans as they have been subjected to you. Be heroic men and wage war!”

וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְאִתַּבָּרוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַפָּכוּ גְבַר לְקִירְווֹהִי וַהֲוָה מְחָתָא רַבְּתָא לַחֲדָא וְאִתְקְטַל מִיִשְׂרָאֵל תְּלָתִין אַלְפִין גְבַר רִגְלָי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the Philistines did wage war. And Israel was shattered, and they retreated, every man to his city. And it was a very great slaughter, and there fell of Israel thirty thousand foot soldiers.

וַאֲרוֹנָא דַייָ אִשְׁתְּבֵי וּתְרֵין בְנֵי עֵלִי אִתְקְטָלוּ חָפְנִי וּפִינְחָס:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the ark of the LORD was captured; and the two sons of Eli were killed, Hophni and Phinehas.

וּרְהַט גַבְרָא מִשִׁבְטָא דְבִנְיָמִן מִסִדְרָא וַאֲתָא לְשִׁלֹה בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא וּלְבוּשׁוֹהִי מְבַזְעִין וְעַפְרָא רְמֵי עַל רֵישֵׁיהּ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And a man from the tribe of Benjamin’s House ran from the battle line and came to Shiloh the same day, with his clothes torn and earth thrown upon his head.

וַאֲתָא וְהָא עֵלִי יָתֵיב עַל כּוּרְסַיָא עַל כְּבַשׁ אוֹרַח תַּרְעָא מְסָכֵי אֲרֵי הֲוָה לִבֵּיהּ תְּבִיר עַל אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וְגַבְרָא אָתָא לְחַוָאָה לְקַרְתָּא וְאִשְׁתְּגִישַׁת כָּל קַרְתָּא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

When he came, behold, Eli was sitting upon his seat on the path of the gateway, on the look out, for his heart trembled for the ark of the LORD. And when the man came to tell [the news] in the city, all the city was shaken.

וּשְׁמַע עֵלִי יַת קַל צַוְחָתָא וַאֲמַר מָה קַל שִׁגּוּשַׁיָא הָדֵין וְגַבְרָא אוֹחִי וְאָתָא וְחַוֵי לְעֵלִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

When Eli heard the sound of the outcry, he said, “What is the sound of this panic?” Then the man hastened and came to tell Eli.

וְעֵלִי בַּר תִּשְׁעִין וְתַמְנֵי שְׁנִין וְעֵינוֹהִי קָמָה וְלָא יָכִיל לְמֶחֱזֵי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Now Eli was ninety eight years old and his eyes were set, so that he could not see.

וַאֲמַר גַבְרָא לְעֵלִי אֲנָא אֲתֵית מִן סִדְרָא וַאֲנָא מִן סִדְרָא דִקְרָבָא אַפָּכִית יוֹמָא דֵין וַאֲמַר מֶה הֲוָה פִּתְגָמָא בְּרִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And the man said to Eli, “I came from the battle line, and I fled from the battle line today.” And he said, “What was the situation, my son?”

וַאֲתֵיב דִמְבַשֵׂר וַאֲמַר אַפֵּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְאַף מְחָתָא רַבְּתָא הֲוַת בְּעַמָא וְאַף תְּרֵין בְּנָךְ אִתְקְטָלוּ חָפְנִי וּפִינְחָס וַאֲרוֹנָא דַייָ אִשְׁתְּבִי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

He who brought the tidings answered and said, “Israel has retreated from before the Philistines, and there has also been a great stroke among the people; your two sons also, Hophni and Phinehas, have been killed and the ark of the LORD has been captured.”

וַהֲוָה כַּד אַדְכָּרוּתֵיהּ יַת אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וּנְפַל מֵעַל כּוּרְסָא לַאֲחוֹרוֹהִי עַל כְּבַשׁ אוֹרַח תַּרְעָא וְאִתַּבָּרַת פָּרְקוּתֵיהּ וּמִית אֲרֵי סִיב גַבְרָא וְיַקִיר וְהוּא דָן יַת יִשְׂרָאֵל אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

When he mentioned the ark of the LORD, Eli fell backward from his seat on the path of the gateway; and his neck was broken and he died, for he was an old man, and heavy. He had judged Israel forty years.

וְכַלָתֵיהּ אִתַּת פִּינְחָס מְעַדְיָא לְמֵילַד וּשְׁמָעַת יַת שְׁמוּעֲתָא דְאִשְׁתְּבִי אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וּדְמִית חָמוּהָא וּדְאִתְקְטֵיל בַּעֲלָהּ וּכְרָעַת וִילֵידַת אֲרֵי בִעַתוּהָא חֶבְלָהָא:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

Now his daughter in law, the wife of Phinehas, was with child, about to give birth. And when she heard the report that the ark of the LORD was captured, and that her father in law had died, and that her husband was killed, she bowed and gave birth, for her pains frightened her.

וּכְעִידַן מוּתָה וּמַלִילוּ נְשַׁיָא דְקַיְמָן עִלַוָה לָא תִדְחֲלִין אֲרֵי בַּר דְכַר יְלִידַת וְלָא אֲתִיבַת וְלָא שַׁוִיאַת עַל לִבָּהּ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And about the time of her death the women standing around her said to her, “Fear not, for you have borne a male son.” But she did not answer or give heed.

וּקְרַת לְרַבְיָא אִי כָבוֹד לְמֵימַר גְלָה יְקָרָא מִיִשְׂרָאֵל דְאִשְׁתְּבִי אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וּדְמִית חָמוּהָא וּדְאִתְקְטֵל בַּעֲלָהּ:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

And she named the boy Ichabod, saying, “The Glory has been exiled from Israel!” for the ark of the LORD had been captured and her father in law had died and her husband had been killed.

וַאֲמָרַת גְלָה יְקָרָא מִיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי אִשְׁתְּבֵי אֲרוֹנָא דַיָי:

The Targum of Samuel; trans. E. van Staalduine-Sulman. Leiden: Brill, 2002

She had said, “The Glory has been exiled from Israel,” for the ark of the Lord has been captured.

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