Targum Jonathan on II Samuel Chapter 13
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וַהֲוָה בָּתַר כֵּן וּלְאַבְשָׁלוֹם בַּר דָוִד אֲחָתָא שַׁפִּרְתָּא וּשְׁמָהּ תָּמָר וְרַחֲמָה אַמְנוֹן בַּר דָוִד:
And afterwards Absalom, David’s son, had a beautiful sister, whose name was Tamar. And Amnon, David’s son, loved her.
וַעֲקַת לְאַמְנוֹן לְאִתְמְרָעָא בְּדִיל תָּמָר אֲחָתֵיהּ אֲרֵי בְתוּלְתָּא הִיא וַהֲוָה מְכַסָא בְּעֵינֵי אַמְנוֹן לְמֶעְבַּד לָהּ מִדָעַם:
And it so distressed Amnon that he made himself ill because of his sister Tamar, for she was a virgin, and it was concealed in the sight of Amnon what to do.
וּלְאַמְנוֹן שׁוֹשְׁבִינָא וּשְׁמֵיהּ יוֹנָדָב בַּר שִׁמְעָה אֲחוֹהִי דְדָוִד וְיוֹנָדָב גְבַר חַכִּים לַחֲדָא:
But Amnon had a close friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David’s brother; and Jonadab was a very wise man.
וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ מָה דֵין אַתְּ כְּדֵין חֲשׁוֹךְ בַּר מַלְכָּא בִּצְפַר בִּצְפַר הֲלָא תְּחַוֵי לִי וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אַמְנוֹן יַת תָּמָר אַחְתֵיהּ דְאַבְשָׁלוֹם אֲחִי אֲנָא רָחֵם:
And he said, “Why are you so miserable morning after morning, O son of the king? Will you not tell me?” Amnon said to him, “Tamar, the sister of my brother Absalom – I love her.”
וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ יְהוֹנָדָב שְׁכַב עַל שִׁווּיָךְ וְאִתְמְרָע וְיֵיתִי אֲבוּךְ לְמֶחֱזָךְ וְתֵימַר לֵיהּ תֵּיתֵי כְעַן תָּמָר אֲחָתִי וְתֵיכְלִינַנִי לַחְמָא וְתַעְבֵּיד לְעֵינַי יַת סְעוּדְתָא בְּדִיל דְאֶחְזֵי וְאֵכוּל מִן יְדָהּ:
And Jonadab said to him, “Lie down on your couch, and pretend to be ill. And when your father comes to see you, say to him, ‘Let my sister Tamar come and give me bread to eat, and prepare the meal in my sight, that I may see it, and eat it from her hand.’”
וּשְׁכִיב אַמְנוֹן וְאִתְמְרָע וַאֲתָא מַלְכָּא לְמֶחְזְיֵה וַאֲמַר אַמְנוֹן לְמַלְכָּא תֵּיתֵי כְעַן תָּמָר אֲחָתִי וְתַחֲלוֹט לְעֵינַי תַּרְתֵּין חֲלִיטָתָא וְאֵכּוּל מִן יְדָהּ:
So Amnon lay down, and pretended to be ill. And when the king came to see him, Amnon said to the king, “Let my sister Tamar come now and mix two dumplings in my sight, that I may eat from her hand.
וּשְׁלַח דָוִד לְוַת תָּמָר לְבֵיתָא לְמֵימָר אֱזִילִי כְעַן לְבֵית אַמְנוֹן אֲחוּךְ וֶעֱבִידִי לֵיהּ סְעוּדְתָא:
Then David sent home to Tamar, saying, “Go to your brother Amnon, and prepare a meal for him.”
וַאֲזַלַת תָּמָר בֵּית אַמְנוֹן אֲחוּהָא וְהוּא שְׁכִיב וּנְסִיבַת יַת לִישָׁא וְלָשַׁת וַחֲלָטַת לְעֵינוֹהִי וּבַשִׁילַת יַת חֲלִיטָתָא:
So Tamar went to her brother Amnon’s house, where he was lying down. And she took dough, and kneaded it, and mixed it in his sight, and cooked the dumplings.
וּנְסֵיבַת יַת מַסְרֵיתָא וַאֲרִיקַת קֳדָמוֹהִי וְלָא אֲבָא לְמֵיכַל וַאֲמַר אַמְנוֹן אַפִּיקוּ כָל אֱנַשׁ מֵעִילַוָי וְאַפִּיקוּ כָל אֱנַשׁ מֵעִילַוֹהִי:
And she took the pan and poured it out before him, but he would not eat. And Amnon said, “Send out every one from me.” So every one went out from him.
וַאֲמַר אַמְנוֹן לְתָמָר אָעִילִי סְעוּדְתָא לְאִידְרוֹן בֵּית מִשְׁכְּבָא וְאֵכוּל מִן יְדִיךְ וּנְסִיבַת תָּמָר יַת חֲלִיטָתָא דַעֲבָדַת וְאָעֵילַת לְאַמְנוֹן אֲחוּהָא לְאִידְרוֹן בֵּית מִשְׁכְּבָא:
Then Amnon said to Tamar, “Bring me the meal into the sleeping room, that I may eat the meal from your hand.” And Tamar took the dumplings she had made, and brought them to her brother Amnon, into the sleeping quarters.
וְקָרֵיבַת לֵיהּ לְמֵיכַל וְאַתְקֵיף בָּהּ וַאֲמַר לָהּ עוּלִי שְׁכִיבִי עִמִי אֲחָתִי:
But when she brought them near him, he would not eat. He took hold of her, and said to her, “Come, sleep with me, my sister.”
וַאֲמַרַת לֵיהּ אֲחִי בְּבָעוּ לָא תְעַנַנֵי אֲרֵי לָא מִתְעֲבֵד כֵּן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לָא תַעְבֵּד יַת קְלָנָא הָדֵין:
But she said to him, “Please, my brother, do not violate me, for such a thing is not done in Israel. Do not conduct yourself shamefully.
וַאֲנָא לְאָן אוֹבִיל יַת חִסוּדִי וְאַתְּ תְּהֵי כְּחַד מִן שָׁטַיָא בְיִשְׂרָאֵל וּכְעַן מַלֵל כְּעַן עִם מַלְכָּא אֲרֵי לָא יִמְנְעִינַנִי מִנָךְ:
As for me, where could I carry my shame? As for you, you would be as one of the fools in Israel. And now, speak now with the king, for he will not withhold me from you.”
וְלָא אֲבָא לְקַבָּלָא מִנָהּ וּתְקֵיף מִנָהּ וְעַנְיָהּ וּשְׁכִיב עִמָהּ:
And he would not accept from her, and since he was stronger than her, he violated her and slept with her.
וּסְנָאָהּ אַמְנוֹן סִנְאָתָא רַבְּתָא לַחֲדָא אֲרֵי סַגִיאָה סִנְאָתָא דִי סְנָאָהּ מֵרִחֲמָתָא דִרְחִימָהּ וַאֲמַר לָהּ אַמְנוֹן קוּמִי אֱזִילִי:
Then Amnon hated her with a very great hatred, for the hatred with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. And Amnon said to her, “Arise and go.”
וַאֲמַרַת לֵיהּ עַל עֵיסַק בִּישְׁתָא רַבְּתָא הָדָא מֵאוֹחֲרַנְתָּא דַעֲבַדְתָּא עִמִי אַתְּ אֲמַר לְשַׁלָחוּתִי וְלָא אֲבָא לְקַבְּלָא מִנָהּ:
And she said to him, “As for the matter of this very evil deed, more than what you did to me – [how dare] you say to send me away?” But he would not accept from her.
וּקְרָא יַת עוּלֵימֵיהּ מְשׁוּמְשָׁנֵיהּ וַאֲמַר שַׁלְחוּ כְעַן יַת דָא מִלְוָתִי לְבָרָא וְאַגֵיף דָשָׁא בַּתְרָהָא:
He called his young man who served him, and said, “Send this one outside, out of my presence, and bolt the door after her.”
וַעֲלָהּ כִּתּוּנָא דְפַסֵי אֲרֵי כֵן לָבְשָׁן בְּנַת מַלְכָּא בְּתוּלָתָא כַּרְדוּטִין וְאַפֵּיק יָתָה מְשׁוּמְשָׁנֵיהּ לְבָרָא וְאַגִיף דָשָׁא בַּתְרָהָא:
And she was wearing a tunic down to the soles, because thus the virgin daughters of the king used to wear sleeved tunics. So his servant brought her out, and bolted the door after her.
וּנְסִיבַת תָּמָר קִטְמָא עַל רֵישָׁהּ וְכִתּוּנָא דְפַסֵי דַעֲלָה בְּזַעַת וְשַׁוִיאַת יְדָהּ עַל רֵישָׁהּ וַאֲזָלַת מֵיזַל וּצְוָחַת:
And Tamar put ashes on her head, and tore the tunic which she wore; and she laid her hand on her head, and went away, crying aloud as she went.
וַאֲמַר לָהּ אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֲחוּהָא הַאֲמִינוֹן אֲחוּךְ הֲוָה עִמֵךְ וּכְעַן אֲחָתִי שְׁתוּקִי אֲחוּךְ הוּא לָא תְשַׁוִין יַת לִבֵּךְ לְפִתְגָמָא הָדֵין וִיתִיבַת תָּמָר וְצַדְיָא בֵּית אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֲחוּהָא:
And her brother Absalom said to her, “Has Amnon your brother been with you? And now, my sister, be quiet. He is your brother. Do not take this thing to heart.” So Tamar dwelt silently in Absalom’s house.
וּמַלְכָּא דָוִד שְׁמַע יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִילֵן וּתְקֵיף לֵיהּ לַחֲדָא:
When King David heard of all these things, he was very angry.
וְלָא מַלֵיל אַבְשָׁלוֹם עִם אַמְנוֹן לְמִבִּישׁ וְעַד טַב אֲרֵי סָנֵי אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת אַמְנוֹן עַל עֵיסַק דְעַנֵי יַת תָּמָר אֲחָתֵיהּ:
But Absalom spoke to Amnon neither good nor bad, for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had violated his sister Tamar.
וַהֲוָה לִזְמַן תַּרְתֵּין שְׁנִין וַהֲווֹ גָזְזִין לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם בְּמֵישַׁר חָצוֹר עִם בֵּית אֶפְרָיִם וְזַמִין אַבְשָׁלוֹם לְכָל בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא:
And at the end of two years Absalom had sheepshearers in the Valley of Hazor, which is near the House of Ephraim, and Absalom invited all the king’s sons.
וַאֲתָא אַבְשָׁלוֹם לְוַת מַלְכָּא וַאֲמַר הָא כְעַן גָזְזִין לְעַבְדָךְ יֵיזֵיל כְּעַן מַלְכָּא וְעַבְדוֹהִי עִם עַבְדָךְ:
And Absalom came to the king, and said, “Behold, your servant has sheepshearers; let the king and his servants go with your servant.”
וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם לָא בְרִי לָא כְעַן נֵיזִיל כֻּלָנָא וְלָא נִתְקֵיף עֲלָךְ וְאַתְקֵיף בֵּיהּ וְלָא אָבָה לְמֵיזַל וּבָרְכֵיהּ:
But the king said to Absalom, “No, my son, let us not all go, lest we be burdensome to you.” He seized him, but he would not go but gave him his blessing.
וַאֲמַר אַבְשָׁלוֹם וְלָא יֵיזִיל כְּעַן עִמָנָא אַמְנוֹן אֲחִי וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ מַלְכָּא לְמָא יֵיזִיל עִמָךְ:
Then Absalom said, “If not, let my brother Amnon now go with us.” And the king said to him, “Why should he go with you?”
וְאַתְקֵיף בֵּיהּ אַבְשָׁלוֹם וּשְׁלַח עִמֵיהּ יַת אַמְנוֹן וְיַת כָּל בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא:
But Absalom seized him, so he sent Amnon and all the king’s sons with him.
וּפַקֵיד אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת עוּלֵימוֹהִי לְמֵימָר חֲזוֹ כְעַן כַּד יִשְׁפַּר לִבָּא דְאַמְנוֹן בְּחַמְרָא וְאֵימַר לְכוֹן קְטוּלוּ יַת אַמְנוֹן וְתִקְטְלוּן יָתֵיהּ לָא תִדְחֲלוּן הֲלָא אֲרֵי אֲנָא פַקְדִית יַתְכוֹן אִתְקִיפוּ וַהֲווֹ לְגַבְרִין גִבָּרִין:
Then Absalom commanded his young men, “Mark when Amnon’s heart is pleasant with wine. And when I say to you, ‘Kill Amnon,’ then you shall kill him. Fear not, for I commanded you. Be strong and be heroic men.”
וַעֲבַדוּ עוּלֵימֵי אַבְשָׁלוֹם לְאַמְנוֹן כְּמָא דְפַקֵד אַבְשָׁלוֹם וְקָמוּ כָּל בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא וּרְכִיבוּ אֱנַשׁ עַל כּוּדַנְתֵּיהּ וַאֲפָּכוּ:
So the servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose, and each mounted his mule, and they retreated.
וַהֲוָה עַד דְאִינוּן בְּאוֹרְחָא וּשְׁמוּעֲתָא אָתַת לְוַת דָוִד לְמֵימַר קְטַל אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת כָּל בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא וְלָא אִשְׁתָּאַר מִנְהוֹן חָד:
And while they were on the way, the tidings came to David, “Absalom has killed all the king’s sons, and not one of them is left.”
וְקָם מַלְכָּא וּבְזַע יַת לְבוּשׁוֹהִי וּשְׁכִיב עַל אַרְעָא וְכָל עַבְדוֹהִי מְעַתְּדִין כַּד מְבַזְעִין לְבוּשֵׁיהוֹן:
Then the king arose, and tore his clothes, and lay on the ground, while all his servants were standing by with their clothes torn.
וַאֲתֵיב יוֹנָדָב בַּר שִׁמְעָה אֲחוֹהִי דְדָוִד וַאֲמַר לָא יֵימַר רִבּוֹנִי יַת כָּל עוּלֵימַיָא בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא קְטַלוּ אֲרֵי אַמְנוֹן בִּלְחוֹדוֹהִי מִית אֲרֵי בְלִבָּא דְאַבְשָׁלוֹם הֲוַת כְּמָנָא מִיוֹמָא דְעַנֵי יַת תָּמָר אֲחָתֵיהּ:
But Jonadab the son of Shimeah, David’s brother, said, “Let not my lord say that they have killed all the young men, for Amnon alone is dead, because this was lying hidden in the heart of Absalom from the day he violated his sister Tamar.
וּכְעַן לָא יְשַׁוֵי רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא עַל לִבֵּיהּ פִּתְגָמָא לְמֵימַר כָּל בְּנֵי מַלְכָּא מִיתוּ אֱלָהֵין אַמְנוֹן בִּלְחוֹדוֹהִי מִית:
And now, let not my lord the king take the matter to heart as to say that all the king’s sons are killed, for Amnon alone is dead.”
וַעֲרַק אַבְשָׁלוֹם וּזְקֵף עוּלֵימָא סַכְוָאָה יַת עֵינוֹהִי וַחֲזָא וְהָא עַם סַגִי אָתָן מֵאוֹרַח מֵאֲחוֹרוֹהִי מִסְטַר טוּרָא:
And Absalom fled. When the young man who kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, behold, many people were coming from the road behind him, by the side of the mountain.
וַאֲמַר יוֹנָדָב לְמַלְכָּא הָא בְנֵי מַלְכָּא אֲתוֹ כְּפִתְגָמָא דְעַבְדָךְ כֵּן הֲוָה:
And Jonadab said to the king, “Behold, the king’s sons have come. As your servant said, so it has come about.”
וַהֲוָה כְּשֵׁיצָיוּתֵיהּ לְמַלָלָא וְהָא בְנֵי מַלְכָּא אֲתוֹ וַאֲרִימוּ קַלְהוֹן וּבְכוֹ וְאַף מַלְכָּא וְכָל עַבְדוֹהִי בְּכוֹ בְּכִי סַגִיאָה לַחֲדָא:
And as soon as he had finished speaking, behold, the king’s sons came, and lifted up their voice, and wept; and the king also and all his servants wept very bitterly.
וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם עֲרַק וַאֲזַל לְוַת תַּלְמַי בַּר עֲמִיהוּד מַלְכָּא דִגְשׁוּר וְאִתְאַבַּל עַל בְּרֵיהּ כָּל יוֹמַיָא:
But Absalom had fled. He went to Talmai the son of Ammihud, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son all the days.
וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם עֲרַק וַאֲזַל לִגְשׁוּר וַהֲוָה תַמָן תְּלַת שְׁנִין:
So Absalom had fled, and was gone to Geshur. He was there three years.
וְחַמֵידַת נַפְשָׁא דְדָוִד מַלְכָּא לְמִפַּק עַל אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֲרֵי אִתְנַחַם עַל אַמְנוֹן אֲרֵי מִית:
And the soul of David the king longed to go forth against Absalom, for he was comforted about the fact that Amnon was dead.