to observe the Sabbath, then one needs to change it from weekdays, in clothing,¹ and foods, which are the ‘delight² of the Sabbath’, for if he is accustomed to eating two meals on a weekday, then on the Sabbath he eats three,³ as it is written: (Ex. 16:25) And Moses said: ‘eat it today, because today is a Sabbath to Y”Y, today, you will not find it in the field.’

footnotes: ¹ BT Shabbat 113a ² ’oneg ³ BT Shabbat 117b

And in everything one needs to make ‘an addition’ on the Sabbath, for if he was accustomed to eating bread and wine on weekdays, then he should add meat on the Sabbath – this is the ‘addition¹ of Sabbath’.

footnotes: ¹ tosephet

Changing one’s actions: for if he was accustomed to performing a certain act on weekdays, he should not do it on the Sabbath, it is this that is written: (Ex. 20:9) Six days you shall work... etc.

Changing name: each day is called a day of ‘action’¹, as it says: (Ez. 46:1) *... six working days... *and the seventh day is called ‘Sabbath’ – which is the cessation of action, the cancellation of work.

footnotes: ¹ ma’aseh

Change of place: if he is accustomed to light a specific candle on weekdays, he should change this and not light it on the Sabbath, it is this that is written: (Ex. 35:3) Do not burn fire in all your dwellings, on the Sabbath day.

And there is a further change on the Sabbath, for it needs to change from ‘servant’ to ‘Queen’ – that they not be equal. For the Queen¹, She is the place of the blessed Holy One, – it must be changed for the King¹. It is this that is written: (Esth. 2:9) *And he ‘changed her’ and her maidens *– on the Sabbath day, for the day of Sabbath is different from the day of the mundane¹, over which rules the servant of the King.

footnotes: ¹ matronita ¹ malka ¹ ḥol

And furthermore: Your dwellings (Ex. 35:3) – the dwelling of a person is his ‘place’, and furthermore: ‘change of place’ means to arrange the house on Sabbath, to be an ‘addition’ on the mundane.

And furthermore: ‘a change of deed’, if he is of sad disposition on the weekdays, he should be joyous on the Sabbath. If he has a quarrel on the weekdays¹ – with some person or with his wife – he should be at peace with her on the Sabbath.

footnotes: ¹ ḥol

And in this state, there is no permit to approach, for the ‘poison of death’ – the slain corpse¹, or her husband ‘another god’ – the descration¹ of the Sabbath, [they have no permit to approach]. And because of this, did ‘the earlier-sages’ say:² ‘If Israel would maintain one Sabbath according to its halakhah, [Var. two Sabbaths according to their halakhah], they would immediately be redeemed’.

footnotes: ¹ ḥalalah ¹ ḥilul ² See BT Shabbat 118b

And so one needs to differentiate: with a lit candle, and a made-up bed, and with a set table, just like this: if he was accustomed, on weekdays, to light a candle with one wick, he should add a second on the Sabbath. And of the table: if he was accustomed to bless ‘Hamotzi’ on one bread, then on the Sabbath he should add a second, so that they are like ‘the double bread’ of the manna.¹ Of the bed, it has been stated, that if he was accustomed ‘to sexually service’ on weekdays, in the midst of argument with his wife and with separation of minds, then he should not couple with his wife on the Sabbath, except in peace. And because of this: ‘The sexual schedule of scholars, is from Sabbath eve to Sabbath eve’.²

footnotes: ¹ See BT Shabbat 117b ² BT Ketubot 62b

And one needs to differentiate the Sabbath from the weekday, in everything.¹ And if they have peace, throughout all six weekdays, they should make an addition on the Sabbath, of appeasement one to the other, with much love, like it is above, for it is stated in relation to the Shekhinah: (Song. 5:2) *Open for me my sister, my beloved, my dove, my perfect one... *– with additional words of appeasement. Similarly, a person needs to appease his wife on the Sabbath, with additional words of appeasement.

footnotes: ¹ See BT Shabbat 119a

And when the ‘other gods’ see, the differentiation on the Sabbath of everything, they have no permission to approach. It is this that is written: (Num. 1:51) ... and the stranger¹ who approaches will die, because: (Ex. 31:14) It is holy for you, its desecrators¹ *will surely die... *And because of this, it is stated in scripture: (Ex. 31:13) ... My Sabbaths you shall keep... etc.

footnotes: ¹ zar ¹ me-ḥalaleha

And with these additions, the Shekhinah is called ‘the additional service’¹ of the Sabbath. And when all the levels of the mundane are distanced from Her, and there is no alien domain on the Sabbath, to enter between the blessed Holy One and His Shekhinah, She is called His ‘holiness’. And when they bless Her with the blessing over food, She is called His ‘blessing’. And in both-of-them, She is His unity, His bride. At that time: She, ‘the Sabbath, is equal to the whole Torah’.²

footnotes: ¹ musaph ² Shemot Rabbah 25:12

And the Sabbath candle is the image of the Menorah, and it needs to be to the right, and about it is stated:¹ ‘One who wants to become wise should head southwards’.

footnotes: ¹ BT Baba Batra 25b

And the Sabbath table should be to the left, and of it is stated:¹ ‘one who wishes to become wealthy should head northwards.’

footnotes: ¹ ibid

The bed should be between north and south.¹

footnotes: ¹ BT Berakhot 5b

And the Sabbath is the sign of the covenant of circumcision, the sign of the phylacteries¹. Whoever desecrates one, it is as if he desecrates the other.

footnotes: ¹ tephilin

The phylacteries of the head correspond to: (Ex. 20:8) Remember, the phylacteries of the hand correspond to: (Deut. 5:12) Observe.

Just as carrying in the public domain is a desecration of the Sabbath, so is the misuse of the sign of the covenant its desecration, with a whore, who is ‘the alien domain’.

There is no positive or negative precept that is not