EVEN WHEN THERE IS PEACE UPON ISRAEL. The Gemara says that one who slanders a Talmid Chochom even after his death will fall into Gehinom. The Gemara presented this verse to prove its point: והמטים עקלקלותם יוליכם ה' את פועלי האון שלום על ישראל Where do we see in the verse that we are speaking about a Talmid Chochom who has passed away? Tosfos explains: It is from the words שלום על ישראל. Thisis referring to the period **after his,**the talmid chochom’s death, when he will not come to fight with those who speak of his shameful deeds. From here it is evident that the verse is speaking of after the talmid chochom’s death.

[THEY REQUIRED HER] TO DRINK [BECAUSE SHE WAS] LIKE THEM. Akavyo argued with the Rabanan who said that the waters of the sotoh, called the bitter water, which are supposed to test the suspected adulteress are given to a convert and a freed slave woman. When the Rabanan presented the case of Karkamis, a freed slave woman who was given the bitter water, Akavyo responded with the words **דוגמא השקוה.**The word דוגמאliterally means similar or an example. How exactly does this word relate to the confrontation between Akavyo and the Rabanan? **Rashi explained that since she was a convert as they,**Sh’mayoh and Avtalyon, **were converts.**Since they themselves were converts they tended to deal with her as a full-fledged Jewess and had her drink the bitter water, but they were not correct for doing so. **And so too, it appears in Yerushalmee of Moaid Koton (perek 3):**The Yerushalmee asks **what is דוגמא? That she was like them.She was a convert as they were converts. Tosfos suggests another explanation of the word דוגמאas it is used in this Mishna. The Oruch explains that השקוה דוגמאdoes not refer to the Rabanan who said that she must drink the bitter water, but to the water that she drank waterwhich was dyedso that it appeared as if it was bitter water, but they were not actually the bitter waters and they did not erase the Torah onto the wateras is prescribed in Parsha Noso.**Obviously that water did not have the power to verify whether she had committed adultery or not, but they gave her the water to drink in order to cause her to fearthe consequences of her action.