Rabbi Shimon ben Yehuda says in the name of Rabbi Shimon, one who singes [produce] in the field, behold, he is liable [for tithes on their behalf]. One who pounds garlic or garden cress in the field, behold he is liable.

Children that hid figs [in the field] on Shabbat -- [if they hid] black ones and they found white ones, [or they hid] white ones and found black ones, behold, those are forbidden, because there is a doubt as to whether they are forbidden, and anything that is certainly untithed is forbidden, and [anything] that is doubtful [as to whether it is] "prepared" [to be eaten from before Shabbat] is forbidden*.

A "Shabbat basket" (i.e., a basket of fruits prepared especially for Shabbat) -- Beit Shammai exempts it [from tithes] and Beit Hillel renders it liable. Rabbi Yehuda says, Hillel forbade it for himself. One who gathers a basket [of fruit] to send to his friend -- [his friend] may not eat it until he tithes it. Rabbi Yehuda says, Hillel forbade it for himself. is הלל לעצמו היה אוסר ("Hillel forbade it for himself") or הלל עצמו היה אוסר ("Hillel himself forbade it").

One who transports figs from place to place, and [during his travels] passed Shabbat with them -- once Shabbat finishes, he may not eat [them] until he tithes. Rabbi Yehuda says, Hillel forbade it for himself.*

Branches (סוכי not סופי) of fig trees with figs attached to them, [branches of] date palms with dates [attached] to them -- [if] children or workers bring them in, they are exempt [from tithes], [but] if the homeowner brings them in, they are liable. One who brings ears [of grain] inside his house to make dough with them is exempt from rubbing off [the chaff] and eating them (see Maasr. 4:5). Rebbi renders him liable and Rabbi Yosei bar Rabbi Yehuda exempts him.

One who peels two barley kernels [and eats them without tithing] is exempt. Three is liable. And with wheat, three is exempt [and] four is liable. [With respect to Rabbi Eliezer' ruling that one who takes olives one by one from an impure vat is exempt because he can return the leftovers (see Maasr. 4:3)], they said to Rabbi Eliezer, even if he returns them to the same vat, behold, it is like returning them to a different vat.

Coriander that he planted for [the purpose of] its seed, and he changed his mind [to instead grow it] for the plant [itself] -- he tithes the seed and the plant. Mustard that he planted for [the purpose of] the plant, and he changed his mind [to instead grow it] for the seed -- he tithes the seed and the plant. They treated the plants [themselves] as permissible, the words of Rabbi Eliezer. Said Rabbi Yehoshua ben Kevusai, in my days, I did not venture to say to a person, "Go out and gather shoots of fenugreek or mustard or white beans and boil [them] in order to exempt them from tithes."*

[With respect to] liver-wort (מטליא), the Sages did not treat it as permissible, neither as to tithes nor as to [the restrictions of] seventh-year produce. When he separates terumah, he separates from each and every one, for one may not separate terumah of one species on behalf of another species.

One who uproots saplings from within his own [field] in order to plant them outside the Land of Israel, or to sow them, or to render them ownerless, or to sell them to a Gentile, behold, he is liable because he is removing them "from the hands of" tithes. Rabbi Yehuda says in the name of Rabbi Elazar (אלעזר not אליעזר) ben Azariah, one who sends his friend saplings or packed olives (אטונין) or flax stalks -- [the friend] tithes them as untithed produce because the majority of people they are suspected in such matters, and the Sages say, behold they are treated like all other produce and they are only tithed as demai.

Onions that took root -- this one with that one -- inside a box (i.e., a planter), behold, they are are presumed to be subject to tithes and to the laws of seventh-year produce. If they were impure, their impurity is not removed from them, and it is permitted to pick them on Shabbat. [If] they took root -- this one with that one -- in the ground of the upper story [of a farmhouse], behold they are presumed to be subject to tithes and to the laws of seventh-year produce. And if they were impure, their impurity is removed from them and it is forbidden to pick them on Shabbat, and if one picked [them], he is exempt. If a mudslide fell on them and they are exposed, behold they are [considered] as if they had been planted in a field: They are forbidden under the laws of seventh-year produce and they are liable for tithes.

Arum [pods] in a storeroom* -- [if] he selects the large ones [or] the small ones [that are] inside his hand or on the ground*, behold, he is exempt, [but as to arum] in a vessel, behold, he is liable. Said Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar, Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel did not disagree about one who selects [arum] on the ground, that he is exempt, or about one who selects in a vessel, that he is liable. About what did they disagree? About one who selects [from that which is] in his hand -- that Beit Shammai deemed him liable and Beit Hillel exempted him.

One who declares his field ownerless for two or three days is able to retract it (i.e., his declaration). If he said, "Behold, my field is ownerless for one day," [or] "one month," [or] "one year," [or] "one week" -- until he or someone else takes possession, he is able to retract it. Once he or someone else has taken possession, he cannot retract. He can tie his livestock [to graze] on top of ownerless property, but not on top of gleanings, forgotten sheaves, or peah, but he can uproot and throw it down in front of [his livestock].

One who [picks and] slices figs [to eat] but is watching over his field because of the grapes, [or he picks] grapes [to eat] but is watching over his field because of vegetables -- if they were workers passing between them (i.e., between the vineyards and the fig trees), if the homeowner was particular about them (i.e., the produce the workers were casually eating), behold, they are liable, and if not, behold, they are exempt.

One who winnows his straw without the intention of selling it (סתם) -- even if another bought it in order to remove [the wheat kernels] from it, he is exempt. Said Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel, Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel agree that a person should not sell a heap of produce or a large basket of grapes or a vat of olives except to a chaver or to one who prepares [food] in a state of purity, [but] he may sell wheat [without such concern] even though he knows that [the buyer] does not knead his dough in a state of purity. And so too a person should not give his neighbor a dish to cook or dough to bake for him unless he knows that [the neighbor] separates challah from it and prepares [the food] in a state of purity.* And so too a Levite who they appointed to pack olives in a vat *, behold, he separates a tenth. [If he has] certainly untithed olives [for] oil inside his house, he says, "Whichever of these olives is fit to process, [their] tithe is to their north, and the priestly portion of the tithe is to the north of their north."

One who purchases a vegetable field in Syria before it became subject to tithes is exempt (alt., "liable"), [but if he purchased it] after it because subject to tithes, it is liable (alt., "exempt"). One may pick [the vegetables] in his usual manner and he is exempt, the words of Rabbi Akiva. And the Sages say, even after they become subject to tithes, they are liable according to the calculation. The Sages agree with Rabbi Akiva that if he was sold [a field with] produce to harvest, or grapes to gather or olives to pick, that he harvests (or gathers, picks, etc.) in his usual manner and he is exempt.

What is "garlic from Balbeck" (Maasr. 5:8)? One that only has one capsule of seeds crowning the stem (see Jastrow, זוּר). What are "onions from Rikpa"? Anything whose stem is dissolved within it. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says, any [onion] that only has one peel.

What are "Cicilician beans" (Maasr. 5:8)? They are the large ones (אילו גסין, per MSS Erfurt) that are square. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says, there is nothing square from the six days of Creation. What are "Egyptian lentils"? All those whose spheres are sharp-edged (see Y. Maasr. V.3.9, Guggenheimer tr.). Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says, all that have no pebbles in them. Rabbi Meir says, even the colocasia (קלקס not קלקל ("ruin")) whose stems are small and their leaves are plentiful. Rabbi Yosei says, even the beans beneath [the colocasia leaves]. It is such as these that the Sages needed to give them a sign (i.e., a foreign identifier), because there is no plant of their species that grows in the Land of Israel. But [as to] hazelnuts and peaches and the fruit of the cedar (איסטרובילין) (see Tos. Maasrot 1:3), the Sages did not need to give them a sign, because there are plants of their species that grow in the Land of Israel.

For fruits, the Sages did not consider either the taste or the smell or the appearance or the value, but only the plurality (i.e., if fruits are mixed, the obligation of tithing follows the status of the group which forms a plurality). And the other garden seeds, such as seeds of the cucumber, and the pumpkin, and the turnip or radish seed, [all of] which are not eaten, are exempt from tithes, and may be purchased by any person in the seventh year. Rabbi Yehuda says, they only spoke about garden seeds (i.e., the Sages subjected these seeds to tithes, and not edible seeds such as mustard seeds). Rabbi Yosei says, even seeds of the field, such as the seed of the isatis* and the vetch.