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Tosefta Yevamot Chapter 4

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שני נכרים שקדשו שתי אחיות זה אינו יודע לאיזו קידש וזה אינו יודע לאיזו קידש זה נותן שני גיטין וזה נותן שני גיטין מת אחד מהן השני אסור בשתיהן מתה אחת מהן שניהן אסורין בשניה מתו ולהן אח אחד חולץ את שתיהן שני אחין חולצין את שתיהן אם קדמו וכנסו יוציאו מי שקידש אחת משתי נכריות ואין ידוע איזו קידש כונס את שתיהן מת ולו אח אחד כונס את שתיהן שני אחין כונסין את שתיהן שני אחים שקדשו שתי אחיות זה [אין] יודע [איזה] קדש וזה [אין] יודע [איזה] קדש זה נותן שני גיטין וזה נותן שני גיטין מת אחד מהם השני אסור בשתיהן מתה אחת מהן שניהן אסורין בשניה מתו ולהן אח אחד חולץ [לשתיהן] שני אחין [חולצין לשתיהן] ואם קדמו וכנסו יוציאו שני נכרים שקדשו שתי נכריות זה אין יודע לאיזו קידש וזה אינו יודע לאיזו קידש זה נותן שני גיטין וזה נותן שני גיטין מת אחד מהם השני מותר בשתיהן מתה אחת מהן שניהן מותרין בשניה כיצד יעשו אחד נותן גט ואחד כונס מתו לזה אח ולזה אח זה חולץ לזו והלז מיבם וזה חולץ לזו והלז מיבם אם קדמו וכנסו יוציאו מצוה בגדול ליבם ולא [בגדולה] להתיבם אלא מיבם [לאיזו שירצו].

Sefaria Community Translation

Two unrelated men who betrothed two sisters, [and] this one doesn't know which one he betrothed, and that one doesn't know which one he betrothed: This one issues two divorce documents, and that one issues two divorce documents. [If] one of [the men] died, the second one is forbidden to both of [the sisters]. [If] one of [the sisters] died, both of [the men] are forbidden to the second one. [If] they died and they had one brother, he performs chalitza on both of them; two brothers, they [both] perform chalitza on both of them. If they preemptively married them, they are taken out [from the marriages]. One who betrothed one of two unrelated women, and doesn't know which one he betrothed, he is married to both of them. [If] he died and he had one brother, he is married to both of them. Two brothers, they are married to both of them. Two brothers who betrothed two sisters, [and] this one doesn't know which one he betrothed, and that one doesn't know which one he betrothed, this one issues two divorce documents, and that one issues two divorce documents. [If] one of [the brothers] dies, the second one is forbidden to both of them. [If] one of [the sisters] dies, both of [the men] are forbidden to the second one. [If] they died and they had one brother, he performs chalitza on both of them. Two brothers, they [both] perform chalitza on both of them. If they preemptively married them, they are taken out [from the marriages]. Two unrelated men who betrothed two unrelated women, [and] this one doesn't know which one he betrothed, and that one doesn't know which one he betrothed, this one issues two divorce documents, and that one issues two divorce documents. [If] one of [the men] dies, the second one is permitted to both of [the women]. [If] one of [the women] dies, both of [the men] are permitted to the second one. How do they do it? One gives a divorce document and one marries. [If] they died, and this one has a brother, and that one has a brother, this [man] performs chalitza to this [woman], and the other [man] performs yibbum; or this [man] performs chalitza to that [woman], and the other [man] performs yibbum. If they preemptively married them, they are taken out [from the marriages]. It is incumbent on an adult male to perform yibbum, but it not incumbent on an adult female to have yibbum performed on her; rather, he may perform yibbum on any of [the widows] he desires.

בור הקרוב לאמה מתמלא ראשון אם קדם שני ומלא ה"ז זריז ונשכר קדם זה והעביר אמת המים על גבי בורו של חבירו ה"ז זריז ונשכר.

Sefaria Community Translation

The cistern that is closest to the channel is filled first. If the [owner of the] second-closest preemptively fills it up, behold, this one was industrious, and he receives his reward. [If] this one preemptively causes a water channel to pass over the cistern of his fellow, behold, this one was industrious and he receives his reward.

האומר לחבירו צא וקדש לי אשה פלונית הלך וקדשה לעצמו צא וקח לי [מקח פלוני] והלך ולקח לעצמו מה שעשה עשוי אלא שנהג דרך רמיות [הפודה את השבויה מותר לישא אותה המעיד על השבויה ה"ז לא יכנוס ואם כנס לא יוציא].

Sefaria Community Translation

One who says to his fellow: "Go out and betroth for me such-and-such a woman," and [his fellow instead] goes and betroths her for himself, [or] "Go out and buy for me the wares of so-and-so," and he goes and [instead] buys them for himself, what is done is done; however, it was conducted in a treacherous manner. One who redeems a captive is permitted to marry her. One who testifies about a captive: Behold, he may not enter into marriage with her, but if he [nonetheless] entered into marriage with her, he is not taken out of it.

המביא גט ממדינת הים ואמר בפני נכתב בפני נחתם לא ישא את אשתו מת הרגתיו הרגנוהו לא ישא את אשתו ר' יהודה אומר הרגתיו לא תנשא אשתו הרגנוהו תנשא אשתו אמרו לו מעשה בלסטים אחד שנתפס בקפוטקיא והיה יוצא ליהרג ואמר צאו ואמרו לאשתו של שמעון בר כהנא אני הרגתיו בכניסתו ללוד ובא מעשה לפני חכמים והשיאו את אשתו אמר להם משם ראיה שלא אמר אלא הרגנוהו.

Sefaria Community Translation

One who brings a divorce document from foreign lands, and it says, “In my presence it was written and in my presence it was signed," he (i.e., the messenger) may not marry his (i.e., the purported divorcee's) wife. [If he testifies,] "He died," "I killed him," [or] "We killed him," he may not marry his wife. Rabbi Yehuda says, [if he testifies,] "I killed him," he may not marry his wife, [but] "We killed him," he may marry his wife. They said to him, it once happened that there was a certain bandit who was caught in Cappadocia, and he was being taken away to be killed, and he said, "Go and tell the wife of Shimon bar Kahana, 'I killed him in the entrance to Lod.'" And the matter came before the Sages, and they allowed his wife to remarry. He said to them, that is no proof, for he only said, "We killed him."

[הנטען מאשת איש ונתגרשה ע"י אחר ה"ז לא יכנוס ואם כנס לא יוציא] הנטען מן האשה לא ישא אמה ובתה ואחותה אם כנס לא יוציא [גר] ועובד כוכבים ועבד הבא על בת ישראל אע"פ שחזרו עובד כוכבים ונתגייר עבד ונשתחרר ה"ז לא יכנוס ואם כנס לא יוציא ישראל הבא על השפחה ועל העובדת כוכבים אע"פ שחזרה שפחה ונשתחררה עובדת כוכבים ונתגיירה ה"ז לא יכנוס ואם כנס לא יוציא.

Sefaria Community Translation

One who is suspected [of having relations] with another man's wife, and she became divorced by means of another, behold, this one shall not enter into marriage [with her], but if he entered into marriage [nonetheless], he is not taken out of it. A convert or an idolater or a slave* who comes onto a daughter of Israel: Even though the idolater came back and converts, [or] the slave [came back] and is freed, behold, this one shall not enter into marriage [with her], but if he entered into marriage [nonetheless], he is not taken out of it. An Israelite who comes onto a maidservant or onto an idolatress, even though the maidservant came back and was freed, [or] the idolatress [came back] and converted, behold, this one shall not enter into marriage [with her], but if he entered into marriage [nonetheless], he is not taken out of it.

חכם שאסר האשה [בנדר] על בעלה ה"ז לא ישאנה א"ר יהודה בד"א בזמן שלא היתה לו אשה או [שהיתה] לו וגרשה מפני [זו] אבל אם [היתה] לו אשה ומתה מותר לישאנה [וכולן שנישאו לאחרים ומתו מותרות לינשא להן וכולן שהיה להם נשים ומתו מותרין לינשא להן] רבי אליעזר אומר כולם שנישאו לאחיהם ומתו מותרות להתיבם [להן אבל החותם על שדה מקח ועל גט אשה לא חששו להם חכמים].

Sefaria Community Translation

A Sage that prohibited a woman in regards to a vow concerning her husband, behold, this one shall not marry her. Said Rabbi Yehuda, when do these words apply? When he (i.e., the Sage) didn't have a wife, or if he had [a wife] but he divorced her on account of that [prohibition], but if he had a wife and she died, he is permitted to marry her. § And any of these women* who [subsequently] got married to other men, and [their husbands] died -- they* are permitted to marry them, and any of those who had [other] wives who [subsequently] died are permitted to marry them. Rabbi Eliezer says, [as to] all those who were married to their brothers, and they died, the women are permitted to have yibbum performed on them, but [as to] the signatory on the sale of a field, or on the divorce document of a woman, the Sages were not concerned about them.

חכם שדן את הדין טימא וטיהר אסר והתיר וכן העדים שהעידו הרי אלו מותרין [ליקח] אבל אמרו חכמים [רחק] מן הכיעור ומן הדומה לכיעור יש זריז ונשכר [יש] זריז ונפסד שפל ונשכר שפל ונפסד שפל לערב שבת [לשבת] למוצאי שבת לערב שביעית [לשביעית] למוצאי שביעית לימי חולי של מועד וכ"מ שיש בו נדנוד עבירה ה"ז שפל ונשכר.

Sefaria Community Translation

A Sage who issued a judgment [regarding] impurity or purity, [or regarding] prohibited or permitted, and so too witnesses who testified [about a case] -- behold, they are permitted to purchase [the item in question]. But the Sages said, "Distance [yourself] from unseemliness and from that which is similar to unseemliness." There are those who are industrious and are rewarded; there are those who are industrious and incur a loss; there are those who are lazy and are rewarded; and there are those who are lazy and incur a loss. One who is lazy (i.e., does not perform labor) on Erev Shabbat, or from Shabbat to the conclusion of Shabbat, or on Erev Shevi'it, or from Shevi'it to the conclusion of Shevi'it, or on the intermediate days of a festival, or on any occasion where [performing labor] carries with it a hint of transgression* behold, that person is "lazy and rewarded."

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