Idolaters and converts and resident aliens do not defile [an Israelite] through ziva, and even though they do not defile through ziva, they are impure like zavs in every respect. And [Israelites] must burn [impure] terumah on their account, and they do not render them liable for [causing] impurity to the Holy Temple and consecrated foods. A tumtum and an androgynous that saw [an emission of zov]: Whether it is a white or red [emission], they do not burn terumah on their account, and they do not render them liable for [causing] impurity to the Holy Temple and consecrated foods. [If] they saw a white and red [emission] at the same time, they burn terumah on their account, and they do not render them liable for [causing] impurity to the Holy Temple and consecrated foods. One who touches the white or red [emission] and enters the Holy Temple is exempt. He himself that touched the white or red and entered the Holy Temple is exempt. [If] he was counting [days until purification after experiencing] a white [emission] and he saw red, or red and he saw white, behold, that one does not undo [the previous sighting].

And what is the difference between a zov and an emission of seed? Zov comes from "dead flesh" (i.e., a flaccid penis, see Niddah 35b:5, Steinsaltz tr.), and an emission of seed comes from "live flesh" (i.e., an erect penis). Zov is runny, and similar to the white of an unfertilized egg. And an emission of seed is viscous, and is similar in appearance to the white of an egg that is not unfertilized. An emission of seed is reddish and the woman may attribute [a bloodstain on her clothes] to it (see Niddah 8:2).

A zav attributes it to food and to any food. Rabbi Eliezer ben Pinchas says in the name of Rabbi Yehuda ben Beteirah, milk and cheese and beef, oil and aged wine, pounded beans and eggs, fish pickling liquid, are [all] customary for the flow of the ziva [to be attributed]. [With respect to] a [flow in a] baby, they attribute it to five things -- to food, to drink, to carrying, and to jumping in his sickness and in his mother['s sickness]. Rabbi Shimon ben Yehuda says in the name of Rabbi Shimon, just as they attribute [a zov] to a seminal emission during the past twenty-four hours, so too [do they attribute it] to a look and to a thought in the last twenty-four hours. But to food, and to drink, to carrying, and to jumping, they attribute [the zov] to all these things when they give him pain.

An idolater who saw a seminal emission and converted immediately [thereafter] defiles through ziva. When do these words apply? When he converts [already] circumcised, but if he gets circumcised and afterwards [saw an emission], [the count] is suspended for him during the time that he is in pain, whether his is an idolater or an Israelite.

One who finds a corpse lying lengthwise across the path: For a nazir and one who is observing Passover (i.e., bringing his lamb to the Temple), it is [treated as] pure, and for [one who eats] terumah, it is impure. When do these words apply? When there is no room to pass around [the corpse], but if there is room to pass around [the corpse], it is even [treated as] pure for [one who eats] terumah. When do these words apply? With regards to one is traveling by foot, but if he was carrying a burden or riding an animal, he is impure, for as to one who is traveling by foot, it is possible for him to avoid touching or creating a tent [by standing] over or moving [the corpse]. And if it is impossible for him not to touch or to create a tent over or move [the corpse], he is impure, but [if he does so] with his elbow, he is pure. When do these words apply? In regards to the impurity of "impurity of the depths," but in regards to known impurity, he is impure. What is "impurity of the depths"? One that no one knows [the whereabouts of a corpse] until the end of the world, but if someone knows about it before the end of the world, that is not [considered] impurity of the depths. If he found it in straw or in dirt or in pebbles, behold, that is impurity of the depths. But one who is buried in water or in a dark place or if the cleft between [two] rocks, that is not a grave of the depths; rather it is only [considered to possess the typical impurity] of a corpse.