הפאה ניתנת במחובר – as it is written (Leviticus 19:10): “[You shall not pick your vineyard bare, or gather the fallen fruit of your vineyard;] you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger: …],” lay it down before them and they will plunder it.

בדלית – a vine that is suspended on the wood or on the trees.

מוריד ומחלק – as it is written (Leviticus 19:10): “you shall leave them [for the poor and the stranger…],”those which have no danger you leave before them, and if you do not leave them when there is a danger ascending [to get] them, but one brings them down from the tree and distributes it to them.

כחליקי אגוזים – on the name of the smooth nut-trees and they have no connection like the rest of the trees that are called nut trees too smooth for climbing, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.

אפילו תשעים ותשעה – it refers to the beginning of the Mishnah, that Peah/the corner is given unharvested.

בדלית ובדקל – that their observance is with something detached.

נטל – one of the poor people [took] part of the Peah that he had already gleaned and he threw/tossed it on the rest in order to acquire it.

אין לו בה כלום – even with what he had gleaned, for we fine him and remove from him [both] the detached and attached.

נפל לו עליה וכו' – even though four cubits of a person acquires for him in an alley/recess and at the sides of the public domain; here in the field of his fellow the Rabbis did not establish for him that his four cubits would acquire for him; alternatively, since he fell upon it he revealed his intention that through falling it is appropriate that it would acquire for him; in the four cubits it is not appropriate for him that he would acquire it.

שלש אבעיות ביום – three times the owner revealed/exposed and appeared in his field in order that the poor could take Peah. The word אבעיות – means revealing (Obadiah 1:6): “[How thoroughly rifled is Esau,] How ransacked his hoards!” We translate this [in Aramaic] as revealing a hidden object.

בשחר – because of those nursing among them who are sleeping in the morning, and then they have the free time to glean.

ובחצות – because of the young children who are accustomed to go out at noon and walk to glean Peah.

ובמנחה – because of the elderly who walk with their crutches and they don’t arrive to the field until the afternoon.

שלא יפחתו – from these three times. And the Halakha is that we don’t distribute Peah other than at these three times; we don’t make it any less or any more than this.

של בית נמר – It is the name of a place, as it is written (Numbers 32:36): “Beth-nimrah, [and Beth-haran as fortified towns or as enclosures for flocks].” They tie a rope at the same of the standing corn and continue reaping until the rope runs out and place the Peah the entire rope, and they go back and tie and place the Peah, that is from each and every artisan, that is to say, from each and every row and for this reason they mention these for praise.

נכרי שקצר את שדהו וכו' – as it is written concerning gleaning and the corner of the field (Leviticus 19:9): “When you reap [the harvest of your land…],” excluding that when heathens reaped it, and concerning that which is forgotten, it is written (Deuteronomy 24:19): “When you reap the harvest in your field and overlook a sheaf in the field, [do not turn back to get it]..,” from here they said that a heathen which reaped his field and afterwards converted is exempt.

שאין השכחה אלא בשעת עמור – and at the time of carrying sheaves home, he was a convert and liable in all the commandments, but the Rabbis hold that since there is the forgotten sheaf of the Omer, and there is that which is forgotten with the standing corn, as it is written (Deuteronomy 24:19): “and overlook a sheaf in the field,” to include that which is forgotten with the standing corn, that which exists with that which is forgotten of the standing corn exists with that which is forgotten of the grain sheaf, and that convert who harvests while reaped that which was not that which was forgotten of the standing corn for at that time he was a heathen, and even though he has not converted, it is not that which is forgotten of the grain sheaf. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

קמה ופדה עומרים פטורה – Since the Biblical verse that we exclude the harvest of a heathen, also excludes the harvest of that which is sanctified [to the Temple] for it is not your harvest, but regarding the matter of that which is forgotten, there is a dispute between Rabbi Yehuda and the Rabbis when one sanctified the standing corn and redeemed sheaves of grain just as they disputed regarding a heathen that reaped his field and afterwards converted.

עד שלא באו לעונת המעשרות – that is giving the pile of grain an even shape when he smooths the face of the pile with a winnowing shovel, but if at that same time, if they were in the hand of the [Temple] treasurer, they are exempt, and if not, the Sanctification does not redeem them.

וגמרן הגזבר – when it had been processed while still in the hand of the treasurer.

רבי אליעזר אומר זכה לו – a dispute of Rabbi Eliezer and the Rabbis concerning a rich person that gathered Peah to make assignment to a poor person, for Rabbi Eliezer holds that we say two Miggos (i.e., that a deponent’s statement is accepted as true on the ground that, if he had intended to tell a lie, he might have invented one more advantageous to his case); [the first] Miggo – that if he had wanted to make his possessions ownerless he would be a poor person and that it is appropriate for him, now also, it is appropriate for him. And [the second] Miggo, that if he wanted, he could have taken possession for himself, he also gave possession to his friend, but the Rabbis hold that we say [only] one Miggo; two Miggos we don’t say, but from a poor person to a poor person, everyone says that it is appropriate, and the Halakha is according to the Sages.

של נכרי חייב במעשרות – for since the heathen is not liable in gleanings, that which is forgotten and the corner of the field/Peah, it is like the other grain of the heathen which is liable for tithes.

אלא אם כן הפקיר – to the poor and to the rich, for that which is ownerless is exempt from tithes. But our Mishnah is according to Rabbi Meir who said that there is no acquisition in the Land of Israel for a heathen to be released from tithes. But the Halakha is not according to this.

הנושר בשעת הקצירה – ears of corn that fall at the time of harvesting.

הכהו קוץ – whenever it falls on account of an accident, it is not gleaning, as it is written (Leviticus 19:9): “or gather the gleanings of your harvest,” there is no cleaning other that on account of harvesting.

תוך היד – it refers to falling, that is, if it is within the hand and it falls [or] within the sickle and it falls, for that which falls from one’s hand and from the sickle is for the poor, but if it falls from the back of the hand [or] from the shaking of the hand, and from the back of the sickle from the power of the movement of the sickle, it belongs to the owner, and this not through the [act of] harvesting.

ראש היד when his hand is full and here are ears of corn between the tops of his fingers and the palm of his hand, when it falls from there, and similarly when it falls from the top of the sickle.

רבי ישמעאל אומר לעניים – it is compared to within one’s hand and within the sickle.

ורבי עקיבא אומר לבעל הבית – that it is compared to the back of he hand and the back of the sickle. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.

חורי הנמלים – it is the manner of ants to bring grain into their holes/cavities.

שבתוך הקמה – until he had started to reap.

של בעל הבית – and he poor have nothing from the standing corn.

שלאחר הקוצרים – after they had begun to harvest, and we suspect less the ants brought it there from the gleanings. Therefore, the upper wheat that are in the cavity or the upper ears of corn go to the poor for there is from the gleanings there, but the lower wheat belongs to the owner as it was from the standing corn. And which are the upper parts? The white ones. And which are the lower parts? The greenish ones that turn black and are recognized as being old.

ר"מ אומר הכל לעניים – for it is impossible for a granary without jaundicing/mildew, and lest those green ones from the new grain that was harvested now, there is within it a part for the poor.

שספק לקט לקט – as it is written (Leviticus 19:10): “you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger,” leave before them of your own, and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Meir.