Deuteronomy Chapter 15
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מִקֵּ֥ץ שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִ֖ים תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה שְׁמִטָּֽה׃
At the end of seven years, you are to make shemitah.
At the end of every seven years thou shalt make a release.
From the end of seven years [of the reckoning of the shemitah period], you shall make shemitah (a release).
וְזֶה֮ דְּבַ֣ר הַשְּׁמִטָּה֒ שָׁמ֗וֹט כׇּל־בַּ֙עַל֙ מַשֵּׁ֣ה יָד֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַשֶּׁ֖ה בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ לֹֽא־יִגֹּ֤שׂ אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ וְאֶת־אָחִ֔יו כִּֽי־קָרָ֥א שְׁמִטָּ֖ה לַיהֹוָֽה׃
And this is the statement of shemitah: suspend every creditor’s hand from his loan to his neighbor; he will not claim [it] from his neighbor or his brother because it was proclaimed shemitah to Adonoy.
And this is the manner of the release: every creditor that lends anything to his neighbour shall release it: he shall not exact it of his neighbour, or of his brother; because he has proclaimed a release to the Lord.
And this is the word of the shemitah: Every creditor shall release his claim against his neighbor. He shall not exact it of his neighbor and of his brother because it has been declared shemitah to the L-rd.
אֶת־הַנׇּכְרִ֖י תִּגֹּ֑שׂ וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ אֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ תַּשְׁמֵ֥ט יָדֶֽךָ׃
You should demand payment from the stranger, but what you have with your brother your hand will relinquish.
Of a foreigner thou mayst exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thy hand shall release.
Of the gentile shall you exact [(This is a positive commandment)], but what you have with your brother your hand shall release.
אֶ֕פֶס כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יִֽהְיֶה־בְּךָ֖ אֶבְי֑וֹן כִּֽי־בָרֵ֤ךְ יְבָֽרֶכְךָ֙ יְהֹוָ֔ה בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹֽתֵן־לְךָ֥ נַחֲלָ֖ה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃
End it [poverty], so that there will be no one, destitute among you when Adonoy will surely bless you in the land that Adonoy, your God, is giving you as territory to inherit.
But there shall be practically no poor among you; for the Lord shall greatly bless thee in the land which the Lord thy God gives thee for an inheritance to possess it:
But there shall not be in you a pauper, [lacking everything. (If you do the will of the L-rd, the paupers shall be in others but not in you; and if not, they shall be in you)]. For the L-rd will bless you in the land which the L-rd your G-d gives you as an inheritance to inherit it.
רַ֚ק אִם־שָׁמ֣וֹעַ תִּשְׁמַ֔ע בְּק֖וֹל יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כׇּל־הַמִּצְוָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּֽוֹם׃
Only if you will listen to the voice of Adonoy, your God, to guard to fulfill this entire mitzvah that I am commanding you today.
only if thou carefully hearken to the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I command thee this day.
[But there shall be no paupers in you] only if you hearken, hearken [(If you hearken somewhat, you will be enabled to hearken greatly)] to the voice of the L-rd your G-d, to observe to do this entire mitzvah that I command you this day.
כִּֽי־יְהֹוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בֵּֽרַכְךָ֔ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּר־לָ֑ךְ וְהַֽעֲבַטְתָּ֞ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֗ים וְאַתָּה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲבֹ֔ט וּמָֽשַׁלְתָּ֙ בְּגוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים וּבְךָ֖ לֹ֥א יִמְשֹֽׁלוּ׃{ס}
When Adonoy, your God, blesses you just as He told you, you will grant loans to nations but you will not borrow; and you will rule over many nations, but over you they will not rule.
For the Lord thy God blesses thee, as he promised thee: and thou shalt lend to many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over thee.
For the L-rd your G-d has blessed you, as He spoke to you [viz. 28:3-12]. And you will lend to many nations, and you will not borrow [from one nation to pay the other], and you will rule many nations, and they [other nations] will not rule you.
כִּֽי־יִהְיֶה֩ בְךָ֨ אֶבְי֜וֹן מֵאַחַ֤ד אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּאַחַ֣ד שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּאַ֨רְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר־יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֑ךְ לֹ֧א תְאַמֵּ֣ץ אֶת־לְבָבְךָ֗ וְלֹ֤א תִקְפֹּץ֙ אֶת־יָ֣דְךָ֔ מֵאָחִ֖יךָ הָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃
If there should be someone destitute in your midst among one of your brothers in one of your cities, in your land that Adonoy, your God, is giving you; do not harden your heart and do not close your hand against your destitute brother.
If there be among you a poor man, one of thy brethren within any of thy gates in thy land which the Lord thy God gives thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy poor brother:
If there be in you a pauper [(the neediest takes precedence)], of one of your brothers [(Your paternal brother takes precedence to your maternal brother)], in one of your gates [(The poor of your city take precedence to those of another)], in your land that the L-rd your G-d gives to you, do not harden your heart [in irresolution], and do not close your hand [after stretching it forth], to your brother the pauper [(If you do not give, in the end you will be a brother to the pauper)].
כִּֽי־פָתֹ֧חַ תִּפְתַּ֛ח אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ ל֑וֹ וְהַעֲבֵט֙ תַּעֲבִיטֶ֔נּוּ דֵּ֚י מַחְסֹר֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֶחְסַ֖ר לֽוֹ׃
Rather, you must surely open your hand generously to him, and you must surely extend a loan to him to cover the wants which he lacks.
but thou shalt open thy hand wide to him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he lacks.
But open shall you open your hand to him [even many times], and lend shall you lend him [(If he refuses a gift, give it to him as a loan)] what suffices for his needs [(but you are not required to enrich him)] that are lacking [(even a horse to ride upon and a servant to run before him)] unto him [(even) a wife].
הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֡ פֶּן־יִהְיֶ֣ה דָבָר֩ עִם־לְבָבְךָ֨ בְלִיַּ֜עַל לֵאמֹ֗ר קָֽרְבָ֣ה שְׁנַֽת־הַשֶּׁ֘בַע֮ שְׁנַ֣ת הַשְּׁמִטָּה֒ וְרָעָ֣ה עֵֽינְךָ֗ בְּאָחִ֙יךָ֙ הָֽאֶבְי֔וֹן וְלֹ֥א תִתֵּ֖ן ל֑וֹ וְקָרָ֤א עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶל־יְהֹוָ֔ה וְהָיָ֥ה בְךָ֖ חֵֽטְא׃
Look out for yourself lest there be an evil thought in your mind, saying, ‘‘The seventh year is approaching, the shemitah year,’’ and you will look askance at your destitute brother and will not give him; and if he cries out concerning you to Adonoy, you will be regarded as sinful.
Beware that there be not an unworthy thought in thy heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thy eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou give him nothing; and he cry to the Lord against thee; for it shall be reckoned to you as sin.
Take heed unto yourself lest there be in your heart a thing of wantonness, to say: The seventh year has drawn near, the year of shemitah, and your eye be evil against your brother the pauper, and you not give him, and he cry out against you to the L-rd [(G-d makes haste to exact payment when he "cries out")], there will be in you a sin [(even if he does not cry out)].
נָת֤וֹן תִּתֵּן֙ ל֔וֹ וְלֹא־יֵרַ֥ע לְבָבְךָ֖ בְּתִתְּךָ֣ ל֑וֹ כִּ֞י בִּגְלַ֣ל**׀** הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה יְבָרֶכְךָ֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכׇֽל־מַעֲשֶׂ֔ךָ וּבְכֹ֖ל מִשְׁלַ֥ח יָדֶֽךָ׃
You must surely give him, and let your heart not hurt when you give him; for, as a consequence of this thing, Adonoy, your God, will bless you in all your work and in all your commerce.
Thou shalt surely give him, and thy heart shall not be grieved when thou givest to him: because for this thing the Lord thy God shall bless thee in all thy works, and in all that to which thou puttest thy hand.
Give shall you give [(even a hundred times)] to him [privately], and let your heart not take it ill in giving to him, for because of this word [(Even if you say that you will give, you receive reward for saying along with that for giving)], the L-rd your G-d will bless you in all your deeds and in all to which you put your hand.
כִּ֛י לֹא־יֶחְדַּ֥ל אֶבְי֖וֹן מִקֶּ֣רֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֤י מְצַוְּךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר פָּ֠תֹ֠חַ תִּפְתַּ֨ח אֶת־יָדְךָ֜ לְאָחִ֧יךָ לַעֲנִיֶּ֛ךָ וּלְאֶבְיֹנְךָ֖ בְּאַרְצֶֽךָ׃{ס}
For the destitute will not cease to exist within the land; therefore I am commanding you saying, ‘‘Open your hand generously to your brother, to your indigent, and to your destitute in your land.’’
For the poor shall never cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thy hand wide to thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land.
For a pauper will not cease from the midst of the land, wherefore I charge you [in good counsel, for your benefit]: Open shall you open your hand to your brother — your poor one and your pauper in your land.
כִּֽי־יִמָּכֵ֨ר לְךָ֜ אָחִ֣יךָ הָֽעִבְרִ֗י א֚וֹ הָֽעִבְרִיָּ֔ה וַעֲבָֽדְךָ֖ שֵׁ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֑ים וּבַשָּׁנָה֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ת תְּשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ חׇפְשִׁ֖י מֵעִמָּֽךְ׃
If your brother—Jew or Jewess—is sold to you and he serves you six years; then in the seventh year you are to send him free from you.
And if thy brother, a Hebrew man, or a Hebrew woman, be sold to thee, he shall serve thee six years; and in the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee.
If there be sold to you [(by beth-din, for his theft)], your brother, the Hebrew man, or [(if there be sold to you by her father, when she is a minor)] the Hebrew woman, then he shall serve you for six years; and on the seventh year you shall send him free from you [(and if the woman's six years expire before she shows pubertal signs, she leaves at that time)].
וְכִֽי־תְשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ חׇפְשִׁ֖י מֵֽעִמָּ֑ךְ לֹ֥א תְשַׁלְּחֶ֖נּוּ רֵיקָֽם׃
When you send him free from you, do not send him away empty-handed.
And when thou sendest him out free from thee, thou shalt not let him go away empty:
And when you send him free from you, do not send him empty-handed.
הַעֲנֵ֤יק תַּעֲנִיק֙ ל֔וֹ מִצֹּ֣אנְךָ֔ וּמִֽגׇּרְנְךָ֖ וּמִיִּקְבֶ֑ךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר בֵּרַכְךָ֛ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ תִּתֶּן־לֽוֹ׃
You must surely present him with a severance bonus from your flocks, and from your threshing area, and your wine cellar, whatever Adonoy, your God, has blessed you with are you to give him.
thou shalt furnish him liberally out of thy flock, and out of thy threshing floor, and out of thy winepress: of that with which the Lord thy God has blessed thee thou shalt give him.
Bestow shall you bestow upon him [so that your "bestowal" is clearly visible], of your flock, of your threshing floor, and of your winepress — [Of all] that the L-rd your G-d has blessed you with shall you give him [Just as these ("flock, etc.") are characterized by "blessing" (i.e., fruitfulness), so (bestow upon him) all that are thus characterized — excluding mules (which are sterile)].
וְזָכַרְתָּ֗ כִּ֣י עֶ֤בֶד הָיִ֙יתָ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ֖ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה הַיּֽוֹם׃
Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt and Adonoy, your God, redeemed you; that is why I am commanding you this matter today.
And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Miżrayim and the Lord thy God redeemed thee: therefore I command thee this thing today.
And you shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the L-rd your G-d redeemed you [and "bestowed" upon you, twice — from the spoils of Egypt and from the spoils of the sea]. Therefore, I command you in respect to this thing [(to bestow, likewise,)] this day.
וְהָיָה֙ כִּֽי־יֹאמַ֣ר אֵלֶ֔יךָ לֹ֥א אֵצֵ֖א מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֤י אֲהֵֽבְךָ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּיתֶ֔ךָ כִּי־ט֥וֹב ל֖וֹ עִמָּֽךְ׃
Should he say to you, ‘‘I am not leaving you;’’ because he loves you and your household, for he has it good with you.
And it shall be, if he say to thee, I will not go away from thee; because he loves thee and thy house, because he is happy with thee;
And it shall be, if he say to you: I shall not leave you, because he loves you and your household, because it is good for him with you.
וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ אֶת־הַמַּרְצֵ֗עַ וְנָתַתָּ֤ה בְאׇזְנוֹ֙ וּבַדֶּ֔לֶת וְהָיָ֥ה לְךָ֖ עֶ֣בֶד עוֹלָ֑ם וְאַ֥ף לַאֲמָתְךָ֖ תַּעֲשֶׂה־כֵּֽן׃
Take the awl and put it through his ear and the door, and he will become your perpetual slave. And do the same to your maid-servant as well.
then thou shalt take an awl, and thrust it through his ear to the door, and he shall be thy servant for ever. And also to thy maidservant thou shalt do likewise.
Then you shall take the awl and place it in his ear and in the door, and he shall be unto you a servant forever [i.e., until the Jubilee year]. And to your maid-servant, too, shall you do this [i.e., you shall "bestow" unto her (but she cannot become a servant forever)].
לֹא־יִקְשֶׁ֣ה בְעֵינֶ֗ךָ בְּשַׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֨ אֹת֤וֹ חׇפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעִמָּ֔ךְ כִּ֗י מִשְׁנֶה֙ שְׂכַ֣ר שָׂכִ֔יר עֲבָֽדְךָ֖ שֵׁ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֑ים וּבֵֽרַכְךָ֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶֽׂה׃{פ}
Let it not seem difficult to you when you send him free from you, for double the profit produced by the wage earner has he worked for you six years; and Adonoy, your God, will bless you in everything you do.
It shall not seem hard to thee, when thou sendest him away free from thee; for he has been worth double a hired servant to thee, in serving thee six years: and the Lord thy God shall bless thee in all that thou doest.
Let it not be difficult in your eyes when you send him away free from you, for double the hire of a hired man [day and night] has he served you for six years [(Aside from his day labor, his master gives him a Canaanite maid-servant to bear slaves for him)]. And the L-rd your G-d will bless you in all that you do.
כׇּֽל־הַבְּכ֡וֹר אֲשֶׁר֩ יִוָּלֵ֨ד בִּבְקָרְךָ֤ וּבְצֹֽאנְךָ֙ הַזָּכָ֔ר תַּקְדִּ֖ישׁ לַיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ לֹ֤א תַעֲבֹד֙ בִּבְכֹ֣ר שׁוֹרֶ֔ךָ וְלֹ֥א תָגֹ֖ז בְּכ֥וֹר צֹאנֶֽךָ׃
Every firstborn that is born in your cattle, and in your flocks—a male—you must consecrate to Adonoy, your God; you may not work with your first-born ox, or shear the first-born of your flocks.
All the firstling males that come of thy herd and of thy flock thou shalt sanctify to the Lord thy God: thou shalt do no work with the firstling of thy bullock, nor shear the firstling of thy sheep.
Every firstling which is born in your herd and in your flock, the male, you shall consecrate to the L-rd your G-d [It is a mitzvah to say: "You are sanctified for the bechorah" (the mitzvah of the first-born)]. You shall not work with the firstling of your bullock and you shall not shear the firstling of your flock [(The converse is also forbidden, but the common instance is given)].
לִפְנֵי֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֤יךָ תֹאכְלֶ֙נּוּ֙ שָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֔ה בַּמָּק֖וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֑ה אַתָּ֖ה וּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃
Before Adonoy, your God, you must eat it, each year, in the place that Adonoy chooses, you and your household.
Thou shalt eat it before the Lord thy God year by year in the place which the Lord shall choose, thou and thy household.
Before the L-rd your G-d shall you [the Cohein] eat it, year in year [It is a mitzvah to sacrifice and eat it in its first year. Also, if it were slaughtered at the end of the year, it may be eaten that day and one day of the next (whence it is derived that it may be eaten for two days and one night)], in the place that the L-rd shall choose, you and your household.
וְכִֽי־יִהְיֶ֨ה ב֜וֹ מ֗וּם פִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ א֣וֹ עִוֵּ֔ר כֹּ֖ל מ֣וּם רָ֑ע לֹ֣א תִזְבָּחֶ֔נּוּ לַיהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃
And if it has a blemish—if it is crippled or blind—or has any severe blemish, do not slaughter it to Adonoy, your God.
And if there be any blemish in it, as if it be lame, or blind, or have any ill blemish, thou shalt not sacrifice it to the Lord thy God.
And if there be in it a blemish ["general"], lame or blind ["particular"], any sore blemish ["reversion to the general" — Just as the particular specifies a visible blemish which never passes, so (all animals with) visible blemishes that never pass (are unfit for sacrifice)], you shall not sacrifice it to the L-rd your G-d.
בִּשְׁעָרֶ֖יךָ תֹּאכְלֶ֑נּוּ הַטָּמֵ֤א וְהַטָּהוֹר֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו כַּצְּבִ֖י וְכָאַיָּֽל׃
In your cities may you eat it; the ritually unclean and the clean together, like the deer and the gazelle.
Thou shalt eat it within thy gates: the unclean and the clean person alike shall eat it, as the gazelle and the deer.
In your gates may you eat it, the unclean and the clean together, as the deer and as the hart.
רַ֥ק אֶת־דָּמ֖וֹ לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֑ל עַל־הָאָ֥רֶץ תִּשְׁפְּכֶ֖נּוּ כַּמָּֽיִם׃{פ}
Only, do not eat its blood; spill it like water on the ground.
Only thou shalt not eat its blood; thou shalt pour it upon the ground like water.
But its blood you shall not eat [(Even though it was originally forbidden and is now permitted, its blood remains forbidden)]; on the earth shall you spill it as water.