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Genesis Chapter 20

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וַיִּסַּ֨ע מִשָּׁ֤ם אַבְרָהָם֙ אַ֣רְצָה הַנֶּ֔גֶב וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב בֵּין־קָדֵ֖שׁ וּבֵ֣ין שׁ֑וּר וַיָּ֖גׇר בִּגְרָֽר׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avraham journeyed from there to the land of the Negev, and he lived between Kadeish and Shur. He lived for a while in Gerar.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avraham journeyed from there toward the Negev, and dwelt between Qadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Abraham traveled from there to the land of the south, [seeing that wayfarers had ceased with the destruction of the cities]. And he dwelt between Kadesh and Shur, and he lived in Gerar.

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶל־שָׂרָ֥ה אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֑וא וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ גְּרָ֔ר וַיִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־שָׂרָֽה׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avraham said regarding Sarah, his wife, She is my sister. Avimelech, king of Gerar sent [messengers] and took Sarah.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avraham said of Sara his wife, She is my sister: and Avimelekh king of Gerar sent, and took Sara.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Abraham said of Sarah his wife: "She is my sister." And Avimelech, the king of Gerar, sent and took Sarah.

וַיָּבֹ֧א אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ בַּחֲל֣וֹם הַלָּ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ הִנְּךָ֥ מֵת֙ עַל־הָאִשָּׁ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־לָקַ֔חְתָּ וְהִ֖וא בְּעֻ֥לַת בָּֽעַל׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Elohim came to Avimelech in a dream at night, and said to him, Behold, you shall die because of the woman you took, for she is a married woman.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

But God came to Avimelekh in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art a dead man, because of the woman whom thou hast taken, for she is a man’s wife.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And G-d came to Avimelech in a dream by night, and He said: Behold, you shall die because of the woman you have taken, for she is another man's wife.

וַאֲבִימֶ֕לֶךְ לֹ֥א קָרַ֖ב אֵלֶ֑יהָ וַיֹּאמַ֕ר אֲדֹנָ֕י הֲג֥וֹי גַּם־צַדִּ֖יק תַּהֲרֹֽג׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech had not come near to her. He said, My Master, will You also kill an innocent nation?

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

But Avimelekh had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt Thou slay also a righteous nation?

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech did not come near to her, [an angel preventing him], and he said: Do You then slay even a righteous nation [(i.e., the generation of the flood and of Bavel) as You now threaten to slay me?]

הֲלֹ֨א ה֤וּא אָֽמַר־לִי֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וְהִֽיא־גַם־הִ֥וא אָֽמְרָ֖ה אָחִ֣י ה֑וּא בְּתׇם־לְבָבִ֛י וּבְנִקְיֹ֥ן כַּפַּ֖י עָשִׂ֥יתִי זֹֽאת׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Did he not say to me, She is my sister? And she also said, He is my brother. With an innocent heart and clean hands I did this.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

Said he not to me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother: in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

Did he not say to me: "She is my sister"? And she, also she, [(including her bondsmen, camel drivers, and ass drivers)] said to me: "He is my brother." With innocence of heart, [not thinking to sin], and with cleanness of hands, [not having touched her] did I do this.

וַיֹּ֩אמֶר֩ אֵלָ֨יו הָֽאֱלֹהִ֜ים בַּחֲלֹ֗ם גַּ֣ם אָנֹכִ֤י יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ כִּ֤י בְתׇם־לְבָבְךָ֙ עָשִׂ֣יתָ זֹּ֔את וָאֶחְשֹׂ֧ךְ גַּם־אָנֹכִ֛י אֽוֹתְךָ֖ מֵחֲטוֹ־לִ֑י עַל־כֵּ֥ן לֹא־נְתַתִּ֖יךָ לִנְגֹּ֥עַ אֵלֶֽיהָ׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Elohim said to him in a dream, I also know that you did this with an innocent heart. I also prevented you from sinning against Me. That is why I did not give you the chance to touch her.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And God said to him in a dream, I too know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against Me: therefore I did not permit thee to touch her.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And G-d said to him in a dream: I, too, know that you did this with innocence of heart, [not thinking to sin; but there is no "cleanness of hands" here,] for I, too, kept you from sinning to Me, wherefore I did not enable you to touch her.

וְעַתָּ֗ה הָשֵׁ֤ב אֵֽשֶׁת־הָאִישׁ֙ כִּֽי־נָבִ֣יא ה֔וּא וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֥ל בַּֽעַדְךָ֖ וֶֽחְיֵ֑ה וְאִם־אֵֽינְךָ֣ מֵשִׁ֔יב דַּ֚ע כִּי־מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת אַתָּ֖ה וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר־לָֽךְ׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Now return the man’s wife, for he is a prophet. He will pray for you and you will live. If you do not return her, you should know that you will surely die—you and all that is yours.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

Now therefore restore the man’s wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And, now, return the man's wife, [and do not think he will not take her back, assuming that you have lived with her, or that he will hate you and not pray for you], for he is a prophet [and he knows that you have not touched her], and he will pray for you, and you will live. And if you do not return (her), know that you will surely die, you and all that is yours.

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקְרָא֙ לְכׇל־עֲבָדָ֔יו וַיְדַבֵּ֛ר אֶת־כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה בְּאׇזְנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּֽירְא֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים מְאֹֽד׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech got up early in the morning, and called all his servants. He spoke all these words in their ears, and the men were very frightened.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

Therefore Avimelekh rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears: and the men were sore afraid.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech arose early in the morning and he called all of his servants and he spoke all of these words in their ears, and the men feared greatly.

וַיִּקְרָ֨א אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ לְאַבְרָהָ֗ם וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֜וֹ מֶֽה־עָשִׂ֤יתָ לָּ֙נוּ֙ וּמֶֽה־חָטָ֣אתִי לָ֔ךְ כִּֽי־הֵבֵ֧אתָ עָלַ֛י וְעַל־מַמְלַכְתִּ֖י חֲטָאָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֑ה מַעֲשִׂים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־יֵֽעָשׂ֔וּ עָשִׂ֖יתָ עִמָּדִֽי׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech called Avraham and said to him, What have you done to us? What wrong did I do to you that you brought on me and upon my kingdom such a great sin? Deeds that ought not to be done, you have done to me.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

Then Avimelekh called Avraham, and said to him, What hast thou done to us? and in what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds to me that ought not to be done.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech called to Abraham and said to him: What did you do to us and how have I sinned to you that you have brought upon me and my kingdom a great sin? Things that are not done have you done with me, [i.e., You have brought upon us an unnatural plague, the stoppage of all natural passages].

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֲבִימֶ֖לֶךְ אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֑ם מָ֣ה רָאִ֔יתָ כִּ֥י עָשִׂ֖יתָ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech [then] said to Avraham, What did you see that you did such a thing?

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avimelekh said to Avraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing?

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech said to Abraham: What did you see that you did this thing?

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם כִּ֣י אָמַ֗רְתִּי רַ֚ק אֵין־יִרְאַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּמָּק֖וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וַהֲרָג֖וּנִי עַל־דְּבַ֥ר אִשְׁתִּֽי׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avraham said, Because I said [thought] there is no fear of Elohim in this place, and they will kill me [in order] to take my wife.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife’s sake.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Abraham said: For I said: There is surely no fear of G-d in this place [When one comes to a city should they ask him whether he is in need of lodging or whether the woman with him is his wife or his sister!], and they will slay me because of my wife.

וְגַם־אׇמְנָ֗ה אֲחֹתִ֤י בַת־אָבִי֙ הִ֔וא אַ֖ךְ לֹ֣א בַת־אִמִּ֑י וַתְּהִי־לִ֖י לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

In any case, she is my sister, the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And also, in truth, she is my sister, the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife. [(Sarah, the daughter of Abraham's brother Haran (11:29) is considered the daughter of his father, and a sister by one's father is permitted to a Noachide.)]

וַיְהִ֞י כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר הִתְע֣וּ אֹתִ֗י אֱלֹהִים֮ מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִי֒ וָאֹמַ֣ר לָ֔הּ זֶ֣ה חַסְדֵּ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשִׂ֖י עִמָּדִ֑י אֶ֤ל כׇּל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָב֣וֹא שָׁ֔מָּה אִמְרִי־לִ֖י אָחִ֥י הֽוּא׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

When Elohim caused me to wander from my father’s house, I said to her, this is the kindness you shall do for me. At every place we come to, say of me, He is my brother.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father’s house, that I said to her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt show to me; at every place where we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And it was, when G-d caused me to wander from my father's house, I said to her, [realizing that we would pass through places of evildoers]: This is your lovingkindness that you shall do with me: Wherever we come, say about me: "He is my brother."

וַיִּקַּ֨ח אֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ צֹ֣אן וּבָקָ֗ר וַעֲבָדִים֙ וּשְׁפָחֹ֔ת וַיִּתֵּ֖ן לְאַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיָּ֣שֶׁב ל֔וֹ אֵ֖ת שָׂרָ֥ה אִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech took sheep, cattle, male and female slaves, and he gave them to Avraham. He [also] returned his wife Sarah to him.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avimelekh took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them to Avraham, and restored him Sara his wife.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech took flocks and herds and bondsmen and bondswomen and he gave them to Abraham [to conciliate him so that he would pray for him], and he returned to him Sarah his wife.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ הִנֵּ֥ה אַרְצִ֖י לְפָנֶ֑יךָ בַּטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ שֵֽׁב׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avimelech said, Behold, my land is before you. Live wherever you see fit.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And Avimelekh said, Behold, my land is before thee: dwell where it pleases thee.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Avimelech said: Here is my land before you; dwell wherever you like.

וּלְשָׂרָ֣ה אָמַ֗ר הִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֜תִּי אֶ֤לֶף כֶּ֙סֶף֙ לְאָחִ֔יךְ הִנֵּ֤ה הוּא־לָךְ֙ כְּס֣וּת עֵינַ֔יִם לְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתָּ֑ךְ וְאֵ֥ת כֹּ֖ל וְנֹכָֽחַת׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

To Sarah, he said, Behold I have given to your brother a thousand pieces of silver. It will be for you a [compensational] eye covering for all who are with you, that you may face every one.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

And to Sara he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, it is to thee a covering of the eyes, to all that are with thee, and unto all others: thus she was reproved.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And to Sarah he said [in conciliation]: Behold, I have given a thousand pieces of silver to your brother. It is a "covering of the eyes" for you of all who are with you, [that they not look lightly upon you, assuming you to have been violated by me and then discarded, (the payment indicating that I was "forced" to give you up)], and (it is a covering of the eyes) of all [men] and proof [that you have not been violated].

וַיִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל אַבְרָהָ֖ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּרְפָּ֨א אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֧לֶךְ וְאֶת־אִשְׁתּ֛וֹ וְאַמְהֹתָ֖יו וַיֵּלֵֽדוּ׃

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

Avraham prayed to Elohim, and Elohim healed Avimelech, his wife, and his female slaves, and they gave birth.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

So Avraham prayed to God: and God healed Avimelekh, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bore children.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

And Abraham prayed to G-d, and G-d healed Avimelech and his wife and his bondswomen, and they were relieved [i.e., their passages were opened].

כִּֽי־עָצֹ֤ר עָצַר֙ יְהֹוָ֔ה בְּעַ֥ד כׇּל־רֶ֖חֶם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ עַל־דְּבַ֥ר שָׂרָ֖ה אֵ֥שֶׁת אַבְרָהָֽם׃{ס}

Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

For Adonoy had restrained every womb in the house of Avimelech according to the word of Sarah, Avraham’s wife.

The Koren Jerusalem Bible

For the Lord had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Avimelekh, because of Sara Avraham’s wife.

The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

For the L-rd had stopped up every passage in the house of Avimelech at the bidding of Sarah, Abraham's wife.

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