Proverbs Chapter 28
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נָ֣סוּ וְאֵין־רֹדֵ֣ף רָשָׁ֑ע וְ֝צַדִּיקִ֗ים כִּכְפִ֥יר יִבְטָֽח׃
The wicked flee when no man pursues: but the righteous are bold as a lion.
[When their time comes,] the wicked will flee [and fall] though none pursue, and the righteous [(their heart staunch in the L-rd)] will trust [in Him] as a young lion [(trusts in its strength)].
בְּפֶ֣שַֽׁע אֶ֭רֶץ רַבִּ֣ים שָׂרֶ֑יהָ וּבְאָדָ֥ם מֵבִ֥ין יֹ֝דֵ֗עַ כֵּ֣ן יַאֲרִֽיךְ׃
When the land is sinful, its princes are numerous: but when there is a judicious man, knowing what is right, he shall endure.
It is trouble for the land if their officers are many, and through an understanding, knowing, man it [(the trouble)] is kept off.
גֶּֽבֶר־רָ֭שׁ וְעֹשֵׁ֣ק דַּלִּ֑ים מָטָ֥ר סֹ֝חֵ֗ף וְאֵ֣ין לָֽחֶם׃
A poor man that oppresses the weak is like a sweeping rain which leaves no food.
A poor man [i.e., an ignorant judge] who robs the poor [(by his haste in judgment] is [like] a torrential rain [(which sweeps the field)] and leaves no bread [i.e., no produce].
עֹזְבֵ֣י ת֭וֹרָה יְהַלְל֣וּ רָשָׁ֑ע וְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י ת֝וֹרָ֗ה יִתְגָּ֥רוּ בָֽם׃{פ}
They who forsake Tora praise the wicked: but such as keep Tora contend with them.
The forsakers of Torah praise the wicked, but the keepers of Torah contend with them.
אַנְשֵׁי־רָ֭ע לֹא־יָבִ֣ינוּ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּמְבַקְשֵׁ֥י יְ֝הֹוָ֗ה יָבִ֥ינוּ כֹֽל׃
Evil men understand not justice: but they who seek the Lord understand all things.
Men of evil will not take to heart the retribution [in store for them (and repent of their wickedness)], but the seekers of the L-rd will take all [(good and evil)] to heart.
טֽוֹב־רָ֭שׁ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּתֻמּ֑וֹ מֵעִקֵּ֥שׁ דְּ֝רָכַ֗יִם וְה֣וּא עָשִֽׁיר׃
Better is the poor who walks in his uprightness, than he who deals perversely in his ways, though he be rich.
Better a poor man [(even one who is poor in Torah)] who walks in his innocence [(doing good)] than a devious one who is rich.
נוֹצֵ֣ר תּ֭וֹרָה בֵּ֣ן מֵבִ֑ין וְרֹעֶ֥ה ז֝וֹלְלִ֗ים יַכְלִ֥ים אָבִֽיו׃
A wise son keeps Tora, but he that is a companion of riotous men shames his father.
The keeper of Torah is an understanding son, but the companion of gluttons shames his father.
מַרְבֶּ֣ה ה֭וֹנוֹ בְּנֶ֣שֶׁךְ (ובתרבית) [וְתַרְבִּ֑ית] לְחוֹנֵ֖ן דַּלִּ֣ים יִקְבְּצֶֽנּוּ׃
He who by usury and unjust gain increases his substance, gathers it for him who will graciously regard the poor.
He who increases his wealth through graft and interest gathers it for the patron of the poor. [(His swindling comes to the attention of the authorities and they confiscate his property and devote it to public improvements.)]
מֵסִ֣יר אׇ֭זְנוֹ מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַ תּוֹרָ֑ה גַּ֥ם תְּ֝פִלָּת֗וֹ תּוֹעֵבָֽה׃
He who turns away his ear from hearing Tora, even his prayer is abomination.
One who turns aside his ear from hearing [the] Torah [of another], his prayer, likewise, will be accounted an abomination.
מַשְׁגֶּ֤ה יְשָׁרִ֨ים**׀** בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ רָ֗ע בִּשְׁחוּת֥וֹ הֽוּא־יִפּ֑וֹל וּ֝תְמִימִ֗ים יִנְחֲלוּ־טֽוֹב׃{פ}
He who causes the righteous to go astray in an evil way, he shall fall himself into his own pit: but the innocent shall inherit good.
Those who lead the just astray in an evil way will fall in their own pit, but the innocent will inherit [i.e., benefit from] the good [that they bequeath].
חָכָ֣ם בְּ֭עֵינָיו אִ֣ישׁ עָשִׁ֑יר וְדַ֖ל מֵבִ֣ין יַחְקְרֶֽנּוּ׃
The rich man is wise in his own conceit; but the poor that has understanding searches him out.
The rich man [i.e., the master] is wise in his eyes, but the poor man [(the disciple)] will question him [(and make him wiser)].
בַּעֲלֹ֣ץ צַ֭דִּיקִים רַבָּ֣ה תִפְאָ֑רֶת וּבְק֥וּם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם׃
When righteous men rejoice, there is great glory: but when the wicked rise, men hide themselves.
In the exultation of the righteous there is much glory, but in the rise of the wicked, men are searched out [and libeled].
מְכַסֶּ֣ה פְ֭שָׁעָיו לֹ֣א יַצְלִ֑יחַ וּמוֹדֶ֖ה וְעֹזֵ֣ב יְרֻחָֽם׃
He that covers up his sins shall not prosper: but whoever confesses and forsakes them shall have mercy.
The concealer of his sins will not succeed, but he who acknowledges and forsakes them will be granted mercy.
אַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃
Happy is the man who fears always: but he who hardens his heart shall fall into mischief.
Fortunate is the man who fears [punishment for sin] always, but he who hardens his heart [against such fear] will fall into the evil.
אֲֽרִי־נֹ֭הֵם וְדֹ֣ב שׁוֹקֵ֑ק מוֹשֵׁ֥ל רָ֝שָׁ֗ע עַ֣ל עַם־דָּֽל׃
As a roaring lion, and a hungry bear, so is a wicked ruler over the poor people.
A roaring lion and a growling bear is a wicked lord to a poor people.
נָגִ֗יד חֲסַ֣ר תְּ֭בוּנוֹת וְרַ֥ב מַעֲשַׁקּ֑וֹת (שנאי) [שֹׂ֥נֵא] בֶ֝֗צַע יַאֲרִ֥יךְ יָמִֽים׃{פ}
The prince who lacks understanding is also a great oppressor: but the one who hates covetousness shall prolong his days.
A prince lacking understanding will increase plunder, for [he does not understand that] the hater of plunder prolongs [his] days.
אָ֭דָם עָשֻׁ֣ק בְּדַם־נָ֑פֶשׁ עַד־בּ֥וֹר יָ֝נ֗וּס אַל־יִתְמְכוּ־בֽוֹ׃
A man that is burdened with the blood of any person shall flee to the pit; let none support him.
The man who is guilty of another's blood [i.e., one who causes him to sin and is responsible for the loss of his soul], will run [(to seek forgiveness)] to the pit [i.e., until the day of his death]; he will not be abetted [by Heaven to repent ("so that he not be in Gan Eden and his disciple in Gehinnom")].
הוֹלֵ֣ךְ תָּ֭מִים יִוָּשֵׁ֑עַ וְנֶעְקַ֥שׁ דְּ֝רָכַ֗יִם יִפּ֥וֹל בְּאֶחָֽת׃
He who walks uprightly shall be saved: but he who takes crooked paths shall fall suddenly.
The walker in innocence will be saved [(from all the dangers confronting him)], but he who is devious in his ways will fall [even] in one [(and not rise again)].
עֹבֵ֣ד אַ֭דְמָתוֹ יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־לָ֑חֶם וּמְרַדֵּ֥ף רֵ֝יקִ֗ים יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־רִֽישׁ׃
He who tills his land shall have plenty of bread: but he who follows after vain persons shall have poverty enough.
The worker of his field will be sated with bread, but the runner after vanities will be sated with poverty.
אִ֣ישׁ אֱ֭מוּנוֹת רַב־בְּרָכ֑וֹת וְאָ֥ץ לְ֝הַעֲשִׁ֗יר לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה׃
A faithful man shall abound with blessings: but he who makes haste to be rich shall not go unpunished.
The man of faith [(one who separates his tithes in faith, no one but G-d seeing him do so) will receive] an abundance of blessings, but one who is overhasty to get rich [(at the expense of the poor)] will not be absolved.
הַֽכֵּר־פָּנִ֥ים לֹא־ט֑וֹב וְעַל־פַּת־לֶ֝֗חֶם יִפְשַׁע־גָּֽבֶר׃
To have respect of persons is not good: for a man will transgress for a piece of bread.
[For a judge] to show favoritism is not good. Would a man [(a judge)] incriminate himself for a loaf of bread!
נִ֥בְהָֽל־לַה֗וֹן אִ֭ישׁ רַ֣ע עָ֑יִן וְלֹא־יֵ֝דַ֗ע כִּי־חֶ֥סֶר יְבֹאֶֽנּוּ׃
The man of evil eye is eager for wealth: he does not know that want will come upon him.
Greedy for wealth is the narrow-eyed man [(he who withholds his tithes)], not knowing that want [(blight)] will befall him [for his greed].
מ֘וֹכִ֤יחַ אָדָ֣ם אַ֭חֲרַי חֵ֣ן יִמְצָ֑א מִֽמַּחֲלִ֥יק לָשֽׁוֹן׃
He who rebukes a man shall find more favour afterwards than he who flatters with the tongue.
One who reproves a man [for his sins] after Me [i.e., to follow Me] will find more favor than the "smoother of the tongue."
גּוֹזֵ֤ל**׀** אָ֘בִ֤יו וְאִמּ֗וֹ וְאֹמֵ֥ר אֵֽין־פָּ֑שַׁע חָבֵ֥ר ה֝֗וּא לְאִ֣ישׁ מַשְׁחִֽית׃
He who robs his father or his mother, and says, It is no transgression; he is companion of a destroyer.
He who steals from his Father and his mother [(the congregation of Israel) by causing Israel to sin (thereby "stealing" His children from Him and good from them)] is a companion to the destroyer [Yeravam ben Nevat].
רְחַב־נֶ֭פֶשׁ יְגָרֶ֣ה מָד֑וֹן וּבֹטֵ֖חַ עַל־יְהֹוָ֣ה יְדֻשָּֽׁן׃
He that is of a greedy heart stirs up strife: but he that puts his trust in the Lord shall be made rich.
The "broadener" of his soul [(to attain all of his lusts)] stirs up [against himself] the attribute of justice, and he who trusts to the L-rd will be "fattened."
בּוֹטֵ֣חַ בְּ֭לִבּוֹ ה֣וּא כְסִ֑יל וְהוֹלֵ֥ךְ בְּ֝חׇכְמָ֗ה ה֣וּא יִמָּלֵֽט׃
He who trusts in his own heart is a fool: but he who walks wisely, shall escape.
He who trusts to [(the machinations of)] his heart is a fool, but the walker in [the way of] the wise [(trusting in the L-rd)] will escape [(all evil)].
נוֹתֵ֣ן לָ֭רָשׁ אֵ֣ין מַחְס֑וֹר וּמַעְלִ֥ים עֵ֝ינָ֗יו רַב־מְאֵרֽוֹת׃
He who gives to the poor shall not lack: but he who hides his eyes shall have many a curse.
He who gives [charity] to the poor man [will suffer] no want, but he who averts his eyes [from him will suffer] much blight.
בְּק֣וּם רְ֭שָׁעִים יִסָּתֵ֣ר אָדָ֑ם וּ֝בְאׇבְדָ֗ם יִרְבּ֥וּ צַדִּיקִֽים׃
When the wicked rise, men hide themselves: but when they perish, the righteous increase.
When the wicked rise, men hide; but when they go lost, the righteous increase.