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Rashi on Jeremiah Chapter 18

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עַל הָאָבְנִים. ״עַל סַדְנָא״ (תרגום יונתן). פורמ״ש בְּלַעַ״ז:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

on the wheels Jonathan renders: on the wheel. (Formes in French.)

אֲשֶׁר הוּא עוֹשֶׂה בַּחֹמֶר. אֲשֶׁר הוּא עוֹשֶׂה מִן הַחֹמֶר נִשְׁחַת בְּיַד הַיּוֹצֵר, בְּעוֹדוֹ לַח; וּמִקְרָא מְסֹרָס הוּא:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

that he was making of clay That he was making of the clay was spoiled in the potter’s hand while it was still wet, and this is an inverted verse.

מֵרָעָתוֹ אֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתִּי עָלָיו. מֵעֲבֵירוֹת שֶׁבְּיָדוֹ, אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׁבִילוֹ דִּבַּרְתִּי עָלָיו ״לִנְתוֹשׁ וְלִנְתוֹץ״ (ירמיה א:י), אִירְפוֹרְקִ״י בְּלַעַ״ז:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

of its evil for which I spoke concerning it Of its sins for which I spoke concerning it. to uproot and to demolish (depayser [?] in French).

וְנִחַמְתִּי. וְחָשַׁבְתִּי מַחֲשָׁבָה אַחֶרֶת:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

I will repent And I will think another thought.

וְאָמְרוּ נוֹאָשׁ. וְיָדַעְתִּי שֶׁהֵם יֹאמְרוּ לְךָ עַל דְּבָרֶיךָ, שֶׁאֵין חוֹשְׁשִׁין לָהֶם:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

But they shall say, We despair I know that they will say to you regarding your words that they do not heed them.

שַׁעֲרֻרִת. דְּבָר גְּנַאי:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

disgraceful thing Heb. שַעֲרֻרִת.

הֲיַעֲזֹב מִצּוּר שָׂדַי שֶׁלֶג לְבָנוֹן. הֲיַעֲזֹב אָדָם הַצָּרִיךְ לִשְׁתּוֹת מַיִם הַנּוֹזְלִים מִצּוּר שֶׁבַּשָּׂדוֹת, הַבָּאִים מִשֶּׁלֶג הַלְּבָנוֹן שֶׁהוּא נָקִי?!

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Shall one abandon from rocks of the field the snow of Lebanon Shall a man who needs to drink abandon water that flows from the rock in the fields that comes from the snow of the Lebanon, which is clean?

אִם יִנָּתְשׁוּ מַיִם זָרִים. אוֹ אִם יַעַזְבוּ מַיִם חַיִּים נוֹבְעִים, שֶׁהֵם זָרִים עַד הֵנָּה מִכָּל אָדָם, וְהֵם קָרִים. זָרִים הֵם נוֹבְעִים, וְזֶה יוֹכִיחַ: ״אֲנִי קַרְתִּי וְשָׁתִיתִי מַיִם זָרִים״ (מלכים ב יט:כד). וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ זָרִים עִם ״לֹא זֹרוּ וְלֹא חֻבָּשׁוּ״ (ישעיהו א:ו) – לְשׁוֹן מֵימֵי תְרוּפָה. וְנָתַן טַעַם לִדְבָרָיו וְאָמַר, כִּי אִם בִּקֵּשׁ לְדַבֵּר בִּלְשׁוֹן זֶרֶם, הָיָה מַכְפִּיל אֶת הַמֵּ״ם וְהָיָה מוֹסִיף יוֹ״ד מֵ״ם, וְהָיָה אוֹמֵר זְרוּמִים, לְרַבּוֹת הַמַּיִם וְלִהְיוֹתָם זְרָמִים:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Shall strange cold... water be abandoned? Or shall flowing spring water, which was strange to all people until now, and it is cold, be abandoned? זָרִים means flowing, and this proves it (2 Kings 19:24): “I dug and drank strange water (זָרִים).” Menahem, however, classified with (Isaiah 1:6) “they have not been sprinkled (זֹרוּ), neither have they been bandaged,” an expression of curative water, and he gave a reason for his statement, and he said that if he wished to speak with an expression of זֶרֶם, a stream, he would double the ‘mem,’ and he would add ‘yud’ ‘mem,’ and he would say זְרוּמִים because of the plural number of מַיִם water, and because they are streams (זְרָמִים).

שָׂדַי. כְּמוֹ שָׂדֶה:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

the field like שָדֶה, a field

קָרִים. פְּרִיוְודָ״שׁ בְּלַעַ״ז:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

cold (froids in French).

נוֹזְלִים. קוֹרַאנְ״ץ בְּלַעַ״ז. וְעוֹד יֵשׁ לְפָתְרוֹ: אִם יִנָּתְשׁוּ לִהְיוֹת מַיִם זָרִים נִמְאָסִים, הַמַּיִם שֶׁהֵם קָרִים נוֹזְלִים:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

flowing (courants in French). And we can also interpret it: “Shall it be abandoned to be strange rejected water, the water that is cold running water?”

(זָרִים לְלָשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן הוּא לְשׁוֹן זֶרֶם; לְלָשׁוֹן שֵׁנִי הוּא לָשׁוֹן זָרוֹת, כְּלוֹמַר מַיִם מְאוּסִים):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Heb. זרים According to the first interpretation, it is an expression of a stream [זֶרֶם]. According to the second interpretation, it is an expression of strangeness, i.e., rejected water.)

כִּי. כֵּן עָשׂוּ עַמִּי אֲשֶׁר שְׁכֵחֻנִי וְלַשָּׁוְא יְקַטֵּרוּ:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

For so have My people done, that they have forgotten Me and burnt incense to vanity.

שְׁבִילֵי עוֹלָם. שְׁבִילִים הַמְתֻקָּנִים אָמְרוּ שֶׁהֵם מִכְשׁוֹל, כְּדֵי לָלֶכֶת דֶּרֶךְ לֹא סְלוּלָה לֹא כְבוּשָׁה:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

ancient paths The proper paths they said that they are a stumbling block, in order to go...[on] a way that is not trodden down Heb. סְלוּלָה.

שְׁרִיקוֹת. הָעוֹבֵר עַל חֳרָבוֹת שֶׁרָאָה כְּבָר בְּבִנְיָנָם, טוֹבִים, רָגִיל לִשְׁרֹק:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

hissing One who passes by ruins that he already saw with good buildings is accustomed to whistle.

יִשּׁוֹם. יִתְמַהּ:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

will be astonished will wonder.

עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים. כְּשֶׁיִּבְרְחוּ מִפְּנֵי הָאוֹיֵב:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

upon their back and not their face when they flee from before the enemy.

אֶרְאֵם. וְלֹא אוֹשִׁיעֵם:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

I will look but I will not save them.

וַיֹּאמְרוּ לְכוּ וְגוֹ׳. יִרְמְיָה הָיָה קוֹבֵל עַל אַנְשֵׁי עֲנָתוֹת וְאוֹמֵר שֶׁאוֹמְרִים כֵּן:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

And they said, “Come, etc.” Jeremiah was complaining about the men of Anathoth and saying that they say this.

תּוֹרָה מִכֹּהֵן. שֶׁעַל הַכֹּהֲנִים לְהוֹרוֹת תּוֹרָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״יוֹרוּ מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ לְיַעֲקֹב״ (דברים לג:י):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Torah...from the priest For it is incumbent upon the priests to teach the Torah, as it is stated (Deut. 33:10): “They shall teach Your ordinances to Jacob.”

וְדָבָר מִנָּבִיא. דִּבְרֵי נְבוּאָה:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

not speech from the prophet I. e., words of prophecy.

וְנַכֵּהוּ בַלָּשׁוֹן. ״וּנְסַהֲדִינֵיהּ סַהֲדוּתָא דְּשִׁקְרָא״ (תרגום יונתן):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

Come, let us strike him with the tongue Let us testify falsely against him.

וְהַגִּרֵם. (הוֹרִידֵם עַל יְדֵי חֶרֶב) לְשׁוֹן ״עֵינִי נִגְּרָה״ (איכה ג:מט), ״כַּמַּיִם הַמּוּגָרִים״ (מיכה א:ד):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

and spill their blood (Bring them down by the sword,) an expression of (Lam. 3:49) “My eye runs (נִגְרָה)”; (Micah 1:4) “Like water that runs (מֻגָרִים).”

עַל יְדֵי חֶרֶב. עַל יְדֵי גְּיָסוֹת:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

by the sword by troops.

וְאַנְשֵׁיהֶם. שֶׁל הָאַלְמָנוֹת, יִהְיוּ הֲרֻגֵי מַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת:

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

and their husbands i.e., the husbands of the widows shall be slain by the angel of death.

כִּי כָרוּ שׁוּחָה. שֶׁחֲשָׁדוּהוּ מֵאֵשֶׁת אִישׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״כִּי שׁוּחָה עֲמֻקָּה זוֹנָה״ (משלי כג:כז):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

for they dug a pit to seize me that they suspected him of intimacy with a married woman, as it is stated (Prov. 23:27): “For a harlot is a deep pit (ֹשוּחָה).”

אַל תִּמְחִי. אַל תְּהִי מְחוּיָה. וּלְפִי שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן נְקֵבָה נָתַן בּוֹ יוֹ״ד, וְאַף הִיא יְתֵרָה, כְּיוֹ״ד שֶׁל ״וַתִּזְנִי בָם״ (יחזקאל טז:יז):

The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg

let not be erased let it not be erased. And because it is a feminine gender, he placed a ‘yud’ therein. This too is superfluous, as the ‘yud’ of (Ezekiel 16:17) “And you played the harlot (וַתִּזְנִי) with them.”

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