Targum Jonathan on I Samuel Chapter 19
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וּמַלֵיל שָׁאוּל עִם יוֹנָתָן בְּרֵיהּ וְעִם כָּל עַבְדוֹהִי לְמִקְטַל יַת דָוִד וִיהוֹנָתָן בַּר שָׁאוּל אִתְרְעִי בְּדָוִד לַחֲדָא:
And Saul spoke with Jonathan his son and with all his servants to kill David, but Jonathan, son of Saul, delighted much in David.
וְחַוֵי יְהוֹנָתָן לְדָוִד לְמֵימָר בָּעֵי שָׁאוּל אַבָּא לְמִקְטְלָךְ וּכְעַן אִסְתַּמַר כְּעָן בְּצַפְרָא וְתִתַּב בְּסִתְרָא וְתִטַמָר:
And Jonathan told David, saying, “Saul my father seeks to kill you. And now, take heed to yourself in the morning, and keep hidden in a secret place.
וַאֲנָא אֶפּוֹק וְאֵקוּם לְוַת אַבָּא בְּחַקְלָא דְאַתְּ תַּמָן וַאֲנָא אֲמַלֵיל עֲלָךְ פִּתְגָמִין תַּקְנִין קֳדָם אַבָּא וְאֶחְזֵי מָה וַאֲחַוֵי לָךְ:
And I will go out and stand in my father’s presence in the field where you are, and I will speak to my father good things about you. Then I will see whatever [happens] and I will tell you.”
וּמַלֵיל יְהוֹנָתָן עַל דָוִד פִּתְגָמִין תַּקְנִין קֳדָם שָׁאוּל אֲבוּהִי וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ לָא יֶחֱטֵא מַלְכָּא בְּעַבְדֵיהּ בְּדָוִד אֲרֵי לָא חָטֵי לָךְ וַאֲרֵי עוֹבָדוֹהִי תַּקְנִין לָךְ לַחֲדָא:
And Jonathan spoke good things about David before Saul his father, and said to him, “Let not the king sin against his servant, against David, because he has not sinned against you and because his deeds have been very good for you.
וּמְסַר יַת נַפְשֵׁיהּ כְּעַל גַב לְאִתְקְטָלָא וּקְטַל יַת פְלִשְׁתָּאָה וַעֲבַד יְיָ פּוּרְקָנָא רַבָּא לְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל חֲזֵיתָא וַחֲדֵיתָא וּלְמָא תִּתְחַיֵב בְּדַם זַכַּאי לְמִקְטַל יַת דָוִד מַגָן:
For he surrendered his life, as if it were on the back [of his hand], to be possibly killed, as he killed the Philistine, and the LORD wrought a great salvation for all Israel. You saw it and you rejoiced. Why then would you become guilty against innocent blood by killing David without cause?”
וְקַבֵּל שָׁאוּל לְמֵימָר יְהוֹנָתָן וְקַיֵם שָׁאוּל קְיָם חַי יְיָ אִם יִתְקְטֵל:
And Saul accepted the speech of Jonathan. Saul swore, “As the LORD is the existing One, he shall not be killed.”
וּקְרָא יְהוֹנָתָן לְדָוִד וְחַוֵי לֵיהּ יְהוֹנָתָן יַת כָּל פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וְאַיְתֵי יְהוֹנָתָן יַת דָוִד לְוַת שָׁאוּל וַהֲוָה מְשַׁמֵשׁ קֳדָמוֹהִי כְּמֵאִיתְמַלֵי וּמִדְקָדָמוֹהִי:
And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan told him all these things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul and he was serving before him as before.
וְאוֹסִיפוּ עַבְדֵי קְרָבָא לְמֶהֱוֵי וּנְפַק דָוִד וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי וּמְחָא בְהוֹן מְחָא סַגִיאָה וְאַפִּיכוּ מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי:
And the wagers of war continued to be, and David went out and waged war with the Philistines, and struck a great strike among them, so that they retreated before him.
וּשְׁרַת רוּחַ בִּישָׁא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ לְוַת שָׁאוּל וְהוּא בְּבֵיתֵיהּ יָתִיב וּמוּרְנִיתָא בִּידֵיהּ וְדָוִד מְנַגֵן בְּיָד:
And an evil spirit from before the LORD dwelt upon Saul, and he sat in his house with his spear in his hand, while David was playing the lyre with [his] hand.
וּבְעָא שָׁאוּל לְמִימְחֵי בְּמוּרְנִיתָא בְּדָוִד וּלְמִבְרְזֵיהּ בְּכוֹתְלָא וְאִתְפַּטַר מִן קֳדָם שָׁאוּל וּקְבַע יַת מוּרְנִיתָא בְּכוֹתְלָא וְדָוִד עֲרַק וְאִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב בְּלֵילְיָא הַהוּא:
And Saul sought to hit David with his spear and to pin it to the wall, but he withdrew himself from before Saul, so that he fixed the spear in the wall. And David fled and escaped that night.
וּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אִזְגַדִין לְוַת בֵּית דָוִד לְמִטְרֵיהּ וּלְמִקְטְלֵיהּ בְּצַפְרָא וְחַוִיאַת לְדָוִד מִיכַל אִתְּתֵיהּ לְמֵימַר אִם לֵיתָךְ מְשֵׁיזִיב יַת נַפְשָׁךְ בְּלֵילְיָא מְחָר אַתְּ מִתְקְטֵל:
And Saul sent messengers to David’s house to watch him and to kill him in the morning. But Michal, David’s wife, told him, saying, “If you do not rescue your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed.”
וְשַׁלְשִׁלַת מִיכַל יַת דָוִד מִן חֲרַכָּא וַאֲזַל וַעֲרַק וְאִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב:
So Michal let David down from the window; and he went and fled, and he escaped.
וּנְסִיבַת מִיכַל יַת צַלְמָנַיָא וְשַׁוִיאַת עַל עַרְסָא וְיַת נוֹדָא דְעִזָא שַׁוִיאַת אִסָדוֹהִי וְכַסִיאַת בִּלְבוּשָׁא:
Michal took the images and laid them on the bed. She put a goat bag at its head and covered it with clothes.
וּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אִזְגַדִין לְמִדְבַּר יַת דָוִד וַאֲמַרַת שְׁכִיב מְרַע הוּא:
And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said, “He is sick.”
וּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל יַת אִזְגַדַיָא לְמִסְעַד יַת דָוִד לְמֵימַר אַסִיקוּ יָתֵיהּ בְּעַרְסָא לְוָתִי לְמִקְטְלֵיהּ:
Then Saul sent the messengers to examine David, saying, “Bring him up to me in the bed to kill him.”
וַאֲתוֹ אִזְגַדַיָא וְהָא צַלְמָנַיָא עַל עַרְסָא וְנוֹדָא דְעִזָא אִסָדוֹהִי:
And when the messengers came, behold, the images were on the bed and the goat’s bag was at its head.
וַאֲמַר שָׁאוּל לְמִיכַל לְמָא כְּדֵין שַׁקַרְתְּ בִּי וְשַׁלַחְתְּ יַת בְּעֵיל דְבָבִי וְאִשְׁתֵּיזִיב וַאֲמַרַת מִיכַל לְשָׁאוּל הוּא אֲמַר לִי שַׁלְחֵנִי לְמָה אֶקְטְלִנָךְ:
Saul said to Michal, “Why have you deceived me thus, and let my enemy go, so that he has escaped?” And Michal said to Saul, “He said to me, ‘Let me go. Why should I kill you?’”
וְדָוִד עֲרַק וְאִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב וַאֲתָא לְוַת שְׁמוּאֵל לְרָמָתָא וְחַוֵי לֵיהּ יַת כָּל דִי עֲבַד לֵיהּ שָׁאוּל וַאֲזַל הוּא וּשְׁמוּאֵל וִיתִיבוּ בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא:
Now David fled and escaped, and he came to Samuel at Ramah, and told him all that Saul had done to him. And he and Samuel went and dwelt in the Talmud School.
וְאִתְחַוָא לְשָׁאוּל לְמֵימַר הָא דָוִד בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא בְּרָמָתָא:
And it was told Saul, saying, “Behold, David is in the Talmud School in Ramah.”
וּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אִזְגַדִין לְמִדְבַּר יַת דָוִד וַחֲזוֹ יַת סִיעַת סַפְרַיָא מְשַׁבְּחִין וּשְׁמוּאֵל קָאֵים מַלִיף עִלַוֵיהוֹן וּשְׁרַת עַל אִזְגַדֵי שָׁאוּל רוּחַ נְבוּאָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְשַׁבָּחוּ אַף אִנוּן:
Then Saul sent messengers to take David. And when they saw the company of scribes praising, and Samuel standing as teacher over them, a prophetic spirit from before the LORD dwelt on them, and they also praised.
וְחַוִיאוּ לְשָׁאוּל וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין אוֹחֲרָנִין וְשַׁבָּחוּ אַף אִנוּן וְאוֹסִיף שָׁאוּל וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין תְּלִיתָאִין וְשַׁבָּחוּ אַף אִנוּן:
When it was told Saul, he sent other messengers, and they also praised. And Saul sent [a] third [group of] messengers again, and they also praised.
וַאֲזַל אַף הוּא לְרָמָתָא וַאֲתָא עַד גוּבָא רַבָּא דִי בְשֵׂכוּ וּשְׁאַל וַאֲמַר אֵיכֹא שְׁמוּאֵל וְדָוִד וַאֲמַר הָא בְּבֵית אוּלְפָנָא בְּרָמָתָא:
Then he also went to Ramah, and came to the great well that is in Secu. And he asked, “Where are Samuel and David?” And one said, “Behold, they are in the Talmud School in Ramah.”
וַאֲזַל לְתַמָן לְבֵית אוּלְפָנָא דִי בְרָמָתָא וּשְׁרַת עֲלוֹהִי אַף הוּא רוּחַ נְבוּאָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וַאֲזַל מֵיזַל וּמְשַׁבַּח עַד דַאֲתָא לְבֵית אוּלְפָנָא בְרָמָתָא:
And he went thither, to the Talmud School in Ramah; and a prophetic spirit from before the LORD dwelt upon him also, and he went, praising as he went, until he came to the Talmud School in Ramah.
וְאַשְׁלַח אַף הוּא לְבוּשׁוֹהִי וְשַׁבַּח אַף הוּא קֳדָם שְׁמוּאֵל וּנְפַל בִּרְשָׁן כָּל יוֹמָא הַהוּא וְכָל לֵילְיָא עַל כֵּן יֵימְרוּן הֲאַף שָׁאוּל בְּסַפְרַיָא:
And also he sent off his clothes and also he praised before Samuel. And he fell insane all that day and all night. Hence they say, “Is Saul also among the scribes?”