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Sifrei Devarim Paragraph 199

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(דברים כ י) כִּי תִקְרַב אֶל עִיר, בְּמִלְחֶמֶת הָרְשׁוּת הַכָּתוּב מְדַבֵּר.

Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015

Pisqa’ 199³³¹

  1. “When you approach a city” (Dt. 20:10)— here the verse speaks of an optional war [in which there is no mandate to destroy the population].

footnotes: ³³¹ H:217; JN2:89-90.

אֶל עִיר – וְלֹא לִכְרָךְ.

Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015

“A city” (Dt. 20:10)—but not a town.

אֶל עִיר – וְלֹא לִכְפָר.

Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015

“A city” (Dt. 20:10)—but not a village.

לְהִלָּחֵם עָלֶיהָ – וְלֹא לְהַרְעִיבָהּ וְלֹא לְהַצְמִיאָהּ, וְלֹא לַהֲמִיתָהּ מִיתַת תַּחֲלוּאִים.

Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015

“To engage it in battle” (Dt. 20:10)— but not to starve it out, or to foul its water, or to unleash disease within it.

וְקָרָאתָ אֵלֶיהָ לְשָׁלוֹם. גָּדוֹל שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ מֵתִים צְרִיכִים שָׁלוֹם. גָּדוֹל שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ בְּמִלְחַמְתָּם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל צְרִיכִים שָׁלוֹם. גָּדוֹל שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁדָּרֵי רוּם צְרִיכִים שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (איוב כה ב): ״עוֹשֶׂה שָׁלוֹם בִּמְרוֹמָיו״. גָּדוֹל שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁחוֹתְמִים בּוֹ בִּרְכַּת כֹּהֲנִים. וְאַף מֹשֶׁה הָיָה אוֹהֵב שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ב כו): ״וָאֶשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים מִמִּדְבַּר קְדֵמוֹת אֶל סִיחוֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן דִּבְרֵי שָׁלוֹם״.

Trans. by Marty Jaffee, 2015
  1. “Then you shall sue it for peace” (Dt. 20:10). Great is peace, for even the dead need peace, Great is peace, for even in Israel’s wars they needed peace. Great is peace, for those who dwell on high need peace,
as it is said

“He makes peace in His lofty dwelling” (Job 25:2). Great is peace, for the Priestly Blessing concludes with peace. And Moses, too, was a lover of peace,

as it is said

“Then I sent messengers from the desert of Qadmut. to Sihon, the King of Heshbon, with words of peace” (Dt. 2:25).³³²

footnotes: ³³² Sifre Nu, 42, s.v., gadol hashalom

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